Document (#18327)

Author

Kopcsa, A.
Schiebel, E.

Title

Science and technology mapping : a new iteration model for representing multidimensional relationships

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.1, S.7-17

Year

1998

Abstract

Much effort has been done to develop more objective quantitative methods to analyze and integrate survey information for understanding research trends and research structures. Co-word analysis is one class of techniques that exploits the use of co-occurences of items in written information. However, there are some bottlenecks in using statistical methods to produce mappings of reduced information in a comfortable manner. On one hand, often used statistical software for PCs has restrictions for the amount for calculable data; on the other hand, the results of the mufltidimensional scaling routines are not quite satisfying. Therefore, this article introduces a new iteration model for the calculation of co-word maps that eases the problem. The iteration model is for positioning the words in the two-dimensional plane due to their connections to each other, and its consists of a quick and stabile algorithm that has been implemented with software for personal computers. A graphic module represents the data in well-known 'technology maps'

Theme

Informetrie

Similar documents (content)

1. Kholghi, M.; Vine, L.D.; Sitbon, L.; Zuccon, G.; Nguyen, A.: Clinical information extraction using small data : an active learning approach based on sequence representations and word embeddings (2017) 0.10

   0.10133848 = sum of:
     0.10133848 = product of:
       0.5066924 = sum of:
         0.010032815 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 3920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010032815 = score(doc=3920,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.04688594 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0122285 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.21398345 = fieldWeight in 3920, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3920)
         0.053524744 = weight(abstract_txt:word in 3920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.053524744 = score(doc=3920,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15755907 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5150721 = boost
               5.4353957 = idf(docFreq=523, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.33971223 = fieldWeight in 3920, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4353957 = idf(docFreq=523, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3920)
         0.056867946 = weight(abstract_txt:statistical in 3920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.056867946 = score(doc=3920,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16405345 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5459815 = boost
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.3466428 = fieldWeight in 3920, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3920)
         0.044787385 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 3920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044787385 = score(doc=3920,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12711532 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6666952 = boost
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.35233662 = fieldWeight in 3920, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3920)
         0.34147954 = weight(abstract_txt:iteration in 3920) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.34147954 = score(doc=3920,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6204125 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.6821165 = boost
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.55040723 = fieldWeight in 3920, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3920)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

2. Zhang, Y.; Zhang, G.; Zhu, D.; Lu, J.: Scientific evolutionary pathways : identifying and visualizing relationships for scientific topics (2017) 0.08

   0.07519626 = sum of:
     0.07519626 = product of:
       0.31331775 = sum of:
         0.007094272 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 3758) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.007094272 = score(doc=3758,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04688594 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0122285 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.15130915 = fieldWeight in 3758, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3758)
         0.12337816 = weight(abstract_txt:routines in 3758) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12337816 = score(doc=3758,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.17319919 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1232321 = boost
               8.059301 = idf(docFreq=37, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.71234834 = fieldWeight in 3758, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               8.059301 = idf(docFreq=37, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3758)
         0.026242062 = weight(abstract_txt:technology in 3758) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026242062 = score(doc=3758,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.097965315 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1946695 = boost
               4.2859354 = idf(docFreq=1653, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.26787096 = fieldWeight in 3758, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2859354 = idf(docFreq=1653, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3758)
         0.056867946 = weight(abstract_txt:statistical in 3758) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.056867946 = score(doc=3758,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16405345 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5459815 = boost
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.3466428 = fieldWeight in 3758, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3758)
         0.068065844 = weight(abstract_txt:maps in 3758) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.068065844 = score(doc=3758,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18493815 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6414394 = boost
               5.888745 = idf(docFreq=332, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.36804655 = fieldWeight in 3758, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.888745 = idf(docFreq=332, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3758)
         0.031669464 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 3758) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.031669464 = score(doc=3758,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12711532 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6666952 = boost
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.24913962 = fieldWeight in 3758, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3758)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

3. Leydesdorff, L.; Bornmann, L.: Mapping (USPTO) patent data using overlays to Google Maps (2012) 0.07

   0.074569464 = sum of:
     0.074569464 = product of:
       0.37284732 = sum of:
         0.012541018 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012541018 = score(doc=288,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.04688594 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0122285 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.2674793 = fieldWeight in 288, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=288)
         0.10905192 = weight(abstract_txt:routines in 288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10905192 = score(doc=288,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17319919 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1232321 = boost
               8.059301 = idf(docFreq=37, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.62963295 = fieldWeight in 288, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.059301 = idf(docFreq=37, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=288)
         0.032802578 = weight(abstract_txt:technology in 288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.032802578 = score(doc=288,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.097965315 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1946695 = boost
               4.2859354 = idf(docFreq=1653, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.3348387 = fieldWeight in 288, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2859354 = idf(docFreq=1653, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=288)
         0.07108493 = weight(abstract_txt:statistical in 288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07108493 = score(doc=288,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16405345 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5459815 = boost
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.43330348 = fieldWeight in 288, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=288)
         0.14736688 = weight(abstract_txt:maps in 288) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14736688 = score(doc=288,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.18493815 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6414394 = boost
               5.888745 = idf(docFreq=332, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.7968441 = fieldWeight in 288, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.888745 = idf(docFreq=332, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=288)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

4. Aula, A.; Nordhausen, K.: Modeling successful performance in Web searching (2006) 0.07

   0.07203666 = sum of:
     0.07203666 = product of:
       0.45022914 = sum of:
         0.007094272 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 6117) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.007094272 = score(doc=6117,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04688594 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0122285 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.15130915 = fieldWeight in 6117, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6117)
         0.056867946 = weight(abstract_txt:statistical in 6117) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.056867946 = score(doc=6117,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16405345 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5459815 = boost
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.3466428 = fieldWeight in 6117, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6117)
         0.044787385 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 6117) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044787385 = score(doc=6117,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12711532 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6666952 = boost
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.35233662 = fieldWeight in 6117, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6117)
         0.34147954 = weight(abstract_txt:iteration in 6117) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.34147954 = score(doc=6117,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6204125 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.6821165 = boost
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.55040723 = fieldWeight in 6117, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6117)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)
   

5. Cortez, E.M.: Planning and implementing a high performance knowledge base (1999) 0.07

   0.069937795 = sum of:
     0.069937795 = product of:
       0.43711123 = sum of:
         0.007094272 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 6551) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.007094272 = score(doc=6551,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04688594 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0122285 = boost
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.15130915 = fieldWeight in 6551, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4209464 = idf(docFreq=10677, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6551)
         0.056867946 = weight(abstract_txt:statistical in 6551) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.056867946 = score(doc=6551,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16405345 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5459815 = boost
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.3466428 = fieldWeight in 6551, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5462847 = idf(docFreq=468, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6551)
         0.031669464 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 6551) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.031669464 = score(doc=6551,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12711532 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6666952 = boost
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.24913962 = fieldWeight in 6551, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6551)
         0.34147954 = weight(abstract_txt:iteration in 6551) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.34147954 = score(doc=6551,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6204125 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.6821165 = boost
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.019132817 = queryNorm
             0.55040723 = fieldWeight in 6551, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=6551)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)