Document (#24560)

Author
Essler, W.K.
Martinez Cruzado, R.F.
Labude, J.
Title
Grundzüge der Logik : Bd.1: Das logische Schließen
Issue
5., neu bearb. u. erw. Aufl.
Imprint
Frankfurt : Klostermann
Year
2001
Pages
400 S
Isbn
3-465-03164-4
Abstract
Das Buch eignet sich sowohl als Lehrbuch als auch für an der Logik Interessierte, die sich im Selbststudium mit den Grundlagen der klassischen zweiwertigen Logik und ihrer Verbindung zur natürlichen Sprache vertraut machen wollen. Es bietet einen leicht erlernbaren Einstieg in das formale logische Schließen und wendet sich speziell an Leser, die sich nicht notwendigerweise mit formalen Argumentationstheorien beschäftigen müssen, trotzdem aber sich dieses wichtige philosophische Instrument aneignen wollen. Nachdem, am natürlichen Sprachverständnis anknüpfend, der Begriff des logisch korrekten Argumentierens erläutert wurde, werden anhand ausführlicher Beispiele die Übersetzung informeller rationaler Argumentation in formale Beweise eingeübt. Anschließend wird der Kalkül des Natürlichen Schließens eingeführt und seine Anwendung in der Formalisierung von Argumenten natürlicher Sprache gezeigt. Die Stärke der Prädikatenlogik erster Stufe in der Analyse von analytischen und rationalen Zusammenhängen wird an wichtigen Grundlagen der Definitionstheorie vorgeführt. Die Zusammenhänge zwischen Ableitbarkeit und Beweisbarkeit, zwischen Beweis und Wahrheit werden dargestellt und die Vollständigkeit und Korrektheit des Kalküls des natürlichen Schließens explizit bewiesen. Es werden nicht nur alternative Formulierungen des Kalküls des Natürlichen Schließens angegeben, sondern auch ein Verfahren der Übersetzung zwischen ein- und zweidimensionalen Kalkülen. Ferner werden die Grundlagen der Tableau-, Sequenzen- und Dialogkalküle vorgestellt und an exemplarschen Beispielen eingeübt. Die einzelnen Kapitel enden jeweils mit einem Ubungsteil, und für ausgewählte Aufgaben werden auch Lösungen zur Lernkontrolle angegeben. Ein umfangreiches Stichwort- und Symbolverzeichnis erleichtert das rasche Auffinden der eingeführten Begriffe und Logikzeichen.

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