Document (#26275)

Author
Karisch, K.
Title
¬Die Lust der Erkenntnis : Eigentlich ist Lernen so spannend wie Sex, nur verlieren die meisten Menschen schnell den Spaß daran
Source
Frankfurter Rundschau. Nr.18 vom 22.1.2003, S.WB1
Year
2003
Abstract
Die modernen bildgebendes Verfahren haben den Wissenschaftlern einen Traum erfüllt: Sie können dem Gehirn heute direkt beim Denken zuschauen. Gefühle, Ideen, Gedankenblitze - alles wird sichtbar. Bei der Positronen-Emissions-Tomographie (PET) wird eine Zuckerlösung verabreicht, deren Moleküle mit kurzlebigen radioaktiven Atomen wie 18Fluor bestückt sind. Da Glukose der Brennstoff des Gehirns ist, reichert sich der Zucker dort an, wo gedacht wird. Gemessen wird mit feinen Detektoren rund ums Gehirn. Die von den Gehirnströmen erzeugten sehr schwachen Magnetfelder lassen sich mit der Magnet-Enzephalographie (MEG) registrieren. Sie erfasst extrem kurze Hirnvorgänge, die sich in Tausendstel- sekunden abspielen. Nicht so schnell, dafür weitaus besser in der räumlichen Auflösung ist die Kernspin- oder Magnetresonanz-Tomographie (MRT). Sie kann Strukturen von 0,7 Millimetern abbilden. Die Versuchsperson: wird in einem starken Magnetfeld Radiowellen hoher Frequenz ausgesetzt. Dadurch werden die Wasserstoffatome im Gehirn angeregt und geben Radiowellen ab, die gemessen werden - genaue anatomische Strukturen sind so abbildbar. Bei der Einzel-Photonen-Emissions-Computertomographie (Spect) werden ebenfalls radioaktive Substanzen gespritzt, die sich in bestimmten Hirnregionen anreichern. Erkrankungen wie Alzheimer lassen sich damit schon früh diagnostizieren.
Field
Kognitionswissenschaft

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