Document (#26606)

Author

Haan, G.de
Poltermann, A.

Title

Bildung in der Wissensgesellschaft

Source

Gut zu Wissen: Links zur Wissensgesellschaft. Hrsg.: Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung, konzipiert und bearb. von Andreas Poltermann

Imprint

Münster : Verlag Westfälisches Dampfboot

Year

2002

Pages

S.310-340

Abstract

Weltweit rückt heute Wissen ins Zentrum des Interesses. Mit Blick auf die Bewältigung der globalen sozialen, wirtschaftlichen und ökologischen Probleme wird in Berichten der Weltbank (1999), Programmen der Vereinten Nationen (1999) und UNESCO-Konferenzen (UNESCO/ICSU 1999) von der "Unhintergehbarkeit des Wissens" gesprochen. Die Organisation von Wissenstransfer, die Sicherung des öffentlichen Zugangs zu Wissen und die Schaffung von Kapazitäten für Wissen in Bildungs- und Wissenschaftseinrichtungen gehören zu den anerkannten Herausforderungen des "global change" und eines reformulierten Nord-Süd-Dialogs, der sowohl makroökonomische Ziele wie auch das Ziel der "menschlichen Entwicklung" gleichrangig befördern soll. In den hochtechnisierten Ländern des Nordens findet der "global change" Ausdruck in einer Vielfalt tentativ verwendeter Begriffe wie "Dienstleistungsgesellschaft", "Postindustrielle Gesellschaft", "Informations-" oder "Wissensgesellschaft". Wissen gilt inzwischen als vierter und zudem bedeutendster Produktionsfaktor neben Arbeit, Kapital und Natur. Bei Microchips ist der Preis zu 70 durch Wissen bestimmt (Forschung, Entwicklung, Kontrolle), nur zu 12 durch Arbeit. Ähnliche Relationen zwischen investiertem Wissen und investierter Arbeit findet man in der Pharmaindustrie, im Bereich von Information und Kommunikation, mehr und mehr in allen innovativen Branchen, in denen eine Reduktion der Materialdurchsätze bei höheren oder gleichen Leistungen von Produkten und Dienstleistungen identifizierbar ist. Neue Berichte sprechen davon, daß sich 70 bis 80 % des wirtschaftlichen Wachstums auf neues oder verbessertes Wissen zurückführen lassen (European Commisson 2000). Wissen gilt nach jüngsten Studien als Schlüssel für die Erklärung von Differenzen in Entwicklungsprozessen unterschiedlicher Nationen. Die Wachstumssprünge in Ostasien in den letzen Jahrzehnten erklärt man sich mehr und mehr aus dem Wandel im Bildungsstand der jeweiligen Länder, der Form und der Nutzung des Wissens. Innovationen und Erfindungen sind in höchstem Maße vom in der Gesellschaft verfügbaren Wissen abhängig; und der rasante Anstieg, den die hoch- und mitteltechnologischen Güter am Welthandel haben (von 33% in 1976 zu 54 % 1996; vgl. Weltbank 1999, S.34) wäre ohne diese Expansion des Wissens gar nicht denkbar.

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Information

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