Document (#27182)

Author

Smith, B.
Siebert, D.
Ceusters, W.

Title

Was die philosophische Ontologie zur biomedizinischen Informatik beitragen kann

Source

Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 55(2004) H.3, S.143-146

Year

2004

Abstract

Die biomedizinische Forschung hat ein Kommunikationsproblem. Um die Ergebnisse ihrer Arbeit darzustellen, greifen einzelne Forschergruppen auf unterschiedliche und oft inkompatible Terminologien zurück. Für den Fortschritt der modernen Biomedizin ist die Integration dieser Ergebnisse jedoch unabdingbar. Die Informatik hat versucht, die allerorten aus inkompatiblen Terminologien erwachsenden Hindernisse mittels einer übergreifenden Referenztaxonomie zu überwinden, in die die vielen verschiedenen Terminologien nur einmal übersetzt werden müssten. Als Lingua franca der Terminologie- und Datenbankintegration würde diese Referenztaxonomie automatisch die Kompatibilität aller auf ihrer Grundlage abgestimmten Informationsressourcen sicherstellen. Informatiker entlehnten für das vorgeschlagene zentrale Klassifikationssystem aus der Philosophie den Terminus "Ontologie" - ohne zu ahnen, dass das Entwickeln dieser Ontologie zahlreiche in der philosophischen Ontologie seit langem diskutierte Fragen erneut aufwerfen würde. Das Institut für formale Ontologie und medizinische Informationswissenschaft (IFOMIS)* in Leipzig und das belgischUS-amerikanische Softwareunternehmen Language & Computing (L&C) kooperieren, um eine Lösung für die speziellen Probleme, die sich bei der Integration medizinischer Terminologien ergeben, zu erarbeiten. Die Ontologie fließt in Software-Werkzeuge für die Verarbeitung medizinischer Texte ein und wird so den praktischen Anforderungen auf die Wirklichkeit gerichteten Handelns ausgesetzt. Dadurch geschieht etwas in der Philosophiegeschichte Einmaliges: Die Leistungsfähigkeit einer philosophischen Theorie wird empirisch überprüft.

Field

Medizin
Philosophie

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