Document (#30149)

Author

Zhou, L.
Zhang, D.

Title

NLPIR: a theoretical framework for applying Natural Language Processing to information retrieval

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.2, S.115-123

Year

2003

Abstract

Zhou and Zhang believe that for the potential of natural language processing NLP to be reached in information retrieval a framework for guiding the effort should be in place. They provide a graphic model that identifies different levels of natural language processing effort during the query, document matching process. A direct matching approach uses little NLP, an expansion approach with thesauri, little more, but an extraction approach will often use a variety of NLP techniques, as well as statistical methods. A transformation approach which creates intermediate representations of documents and queries is a step higher in NLP usage, and a uniform approach, which relies on a body of knowledge beyond that of the documents and queries to provide inference and sense making prior to matching would require a maximum NPL effort.

Theme

Computerlinguistik

Similar documents (author)

1. Zhou, G.D.; Zhang, M.: Extracting relation information from text documents by exploring various types of knowledge (2007) 5.04

   5.039768 = sum of:
     5.039768 = sum of:
       1.7948558 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 927) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.7948558 = score(doc=927,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5588067 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           3.2119439 = fieldWeight in 927, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=927)
       3.2449126 = weight(author_txt:zhou in 927) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         3.2449126 = score(doc=927,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.82929796 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2182165 = boost
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           3.912843 = fieldWeight in 927, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=927)
   

2. Zhang, M.; Zhou, G.D.; Aw, A.: Exploring syntactic structured features over parse trees for relation extraction using kernel methods (2008) 3.78

   3.7798266 = sum of:
     3.7798266 = sum of:
       1.3461419 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 2055) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.3461419 = score(doc=2055,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5588067 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           2.408958 = fieldWeight in 2055, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2055)
       2.4336846 = weight(author_txt:zhou in 2055) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.4336846 = score(doc=2055,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.82929796 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2182165 = boost
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           2.9346323 = fieldWeight in 2055, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2055)
   

3. Zhang, D.; Zambrowicz, C.; Zhou, H.; Roderer, N.K.: User information seeking behavior in a medical Web portal environment : a preliminary study (2004) 3.15

   3.1498551 = sum of:
     3.1498551 = sum of:
       1.1217848 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 2261) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1217848 = score(doc=2261,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5588067 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           2.007465 = fieldWeight in 2261, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2261)
       2.0280704 = weight(author_txt:zhou in 2261) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.0280704 = score(doc=2261,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.82929796 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2182165 = boost
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           2.4455268 = fieldWeight in 2261, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2261)
   

4. Zhou, G.D.; Zhang, M.; Ji, D.H.; Zhu, Q.M.: Hierarchical learning strategy in semantic relation extraction (2008) 3.15

   3.1498551 = sum of:
     3.1498551 = sum of:
       1.1217848 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 2077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1217848 = score(doc=2077,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5588067 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           2.007465 = fieldWeight in 2077, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2077)
       2.0280704 = weight(author_txt:zhou in 2077) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.0280704 = score(doc=2077,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.82929796 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2182165 = boost
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           2.4455268 = fieldWeight in 2077, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2077)
   

5. Chang, K.-C.; Zhou, W.; Zhang, S.; Yuan, C,-C.: Threshold effects of the patent H-index in the relationship between patent citations and market value (2015) 3.15

   3.1498551 = sum of:
     3.1498551 = sum of:
       1.1217848 = weight(author_txt:zhang in 2344) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.1217848 = score(doc=2344,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5588067 = queryWeight, product of:
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           2.007465 = fieldWeight in 2344, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             6.4238877 = idf(docFreq=194, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2344)
       2.0280704 = weight(author_txt:zhou in 2344) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.0280704 = score(doc=2344,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.82929796 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2182165 = boost
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.08698887 = queryNorm
           2.4455268 = fieldWeight in 2344, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.825686 = idf(docFreq=47, maxDocs=44218)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2344)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Liddy, E.D.; Paik, W.; McKenna, M.; Yu, E.S.: ¬A natural language text retrieval system with relevance feedback (1995) 0.22

   0.22278643 = sum of:
     0.22278643 = product of:
       0.6962076 = sum of:
         0.031255074 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.031255074 = score(doc=3131,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08140354 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0677129 = boost
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.38395226 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
         0.014861121 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014861121 = score(doc=3131,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.056766797 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0920076 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.26179248 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
         0.034162574 = weight(abstract_txt:provide in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.034162574 = score(doc=3131,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10882783 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2345333 = boost
               4.0180984 = idf(docFreq=2161, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.31391394 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.0180984 = idf(docFreq=2161, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
         0.06384883 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06384883 = score(doc=3131,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11449007 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2662421 = boost
               4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.5576801 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
         0.14025258 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14025258 = score(doc=3131,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.17577623 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5689638 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.7979041 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
         0.05777759 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05777759 = score(doc=3131,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1768383 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9273769 = boost
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.32672557 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
         0.17930798 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17930798 = score(doc=3131,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.26087314 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3409555 = boost
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.6873379 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
         0.17474179 = weight(abstract_txt:matching in 3131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17474179 = score(doc=3131,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3698292 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7872703 = boost
               6.047913 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.4724932 = fieldWeight in 3131, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.047913 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3131)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

2. Can, F.; Kocberber, S.; Balcik, E.; Kaynak, C.; Ocalan, H.C.: Information retrieval on Turkish texts (2008) 0.21

   0.20501399 = sum of:
     0.20501399 = product of:
       0.64066875 = sum of:
         0.05304162 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1373) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05304162 = score(doc=1373,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.08140354 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0677129 = boost
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.6515886 = fieldWeight in 1373, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1373)
         0.021841297 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1373) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021841297 = score(doc=1373,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.056766797 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0920076 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.38475478 = fieldWeight in 1373, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1373)
         0.040995084 = weight(abstract_txt:provide in 1373) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.040995084 = score(doc=1373,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10882783 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2345333 = boost
               4.0180984 = idf(docFreq=2161, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.3766967 = fieldWeight in 1373, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.0180984 = idf(docFreq=2161, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1373)
         0.04423577 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 1373) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04423577 = score(doc=1373,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11449007 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2662421 = boost
               4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.38637212 = fieldWeight in 1373, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1373)
         0.084151536 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 1373) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.084151536 = score(doc=1373,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17577623 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5689638 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.47874242 = fieldWeight in 1373, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1373)
         0.069333114 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 1373) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.069333114 = score(doc=1373,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1768383 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9273769 = boost
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.3920707 = fieldWeight in 1373, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1373)
         0.20969015 = weight(abstract_txt:matching in 1373) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20969015 = score(doc=1373,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3698292 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7872703 = boost
               6.047913 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.56699187 = fieldWeight in 1373, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.047913 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1373)
         0.11738013 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 1373) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11738013 = score(doc=1373,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.23638423 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.876816 = boost
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.49656498 = fieldWeight in 1373, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1373)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

3. Rowe, N.C.: Inferring depictions in natural-language captions for efficient access to picture data (1994) 0.19

   0.19285764 = sum of:
     0.19285764 = product of:
       0.68877727 = sum of:
         0.10576387 = weight(abstract_txt:inference in 7296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10576387 = score(doc=7296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16248015 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0666404 = boost
               6.943297 = idf(docFreq=115, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.6509341 = fieldWeight in 7296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.943297 = idf(docFreq=115, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7296)
         0.012610079 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 7296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012610079 = score(doc=7296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.056766797 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0920076 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.22213829 = fieldWeight in 7296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7296)
         0.084151536 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 7296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.084151536 = score(doc=7296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17577623 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5689638 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.47874242 = fieldWeight in 7296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7296)
         0.069333114 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 7296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.069333114 = score(doc=7296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1768383 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9273769 = boost
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.3920707 = fieldWeight in 7296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7296)
         0.12422822 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 7296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12422822 = score(doc=7296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26087314 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3409555 = boost
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.47620165 = fieldWeight in 7296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7296)
         0.20969015 = weight(abstract_txt:matching in 7296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20969015 = score(doc=7296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3698292 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7872703 = boost
               6.047913 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.56699187 = fieldWeight in 7296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.047913 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7296)
         0.083000295 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 7296) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.083000295 = score(doc=7296,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23638423 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.876816 = boost
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.3511245 = fieldWeight in 7296, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.745328 = idf(docFreq=2839, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7296)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

4. Strzalkowski, T.: Natural language information retrieval (1995) 0.18

   0.17505543 = sum of:
     0.17505543 = product of:
       0.62519795 = sum of:
         0.038279492 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1914) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.038279492 = score(doc=1914,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.08140354 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0677129 = boost
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.47024357 = fieldWeight in 1914, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1914)
         0.010508399 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1914) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010508399 = score(doc=1914,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.056766797 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0920076 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.18511525 = fieldWeight in 1914, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1914)
         0.06384883 = weight(abstract_txt:documents in 1914) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06384883 = score(doc=1914,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11449007 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2662421 = boost
               4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.5576801 = fieldWeight in 1914, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.1213026 = idf(docFreq=1949, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1914)
         0.099173546 = weight(abstract_txt:queries in 1914) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.099173546 = score(doc=1914,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.17577623 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5689638 = boost
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.5642034 = fieldWeight in 1914, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.106586 = idf(docFreq=727, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1914)
         0.10007373 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 1914) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10007373 = score(doc=1914,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.1768383 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9273769 = boost
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.56590533 = fieldWeight in 1914, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1914)
         0.134006 = weight(abstract_txt:processing in 1914) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.134006 = score(doc=1914,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.24592885 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.2729151 = boost
               4.931848 = idf(docFreq=866, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.5448974 = fieldWeight in 1914, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.931848 = idf(docFreq=866, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1914)
         0.17930798 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 1914) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17930798 = score(doc=1914,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.26087314 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3409555 = boost
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.6873379 = fieldWeight in 1914, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1914)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

5. Harman, D.: ¬The Text REtrieval Conferences (TRECs) : providing a test-bed for information retrieval systems (1998) 0.17

   0.17375164 = sum of:
     0.17375164 = product of:
       0.72396517 = sum of:
         0.09709345 = weight(abstract_txt:uniform in 1314) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09709345 = score(doc=1314,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1534742 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.036658 = boost
               6.7481275 = idf(docFreq=140, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.63263696 = fieldWeight in 1314, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7481275 = idf(docFreq=140, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1314)
         0.045935392 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1314) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.045935392 = score(doc=1314,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.08140354 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0677129 = boost
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.5642923 = fieldWeight in 1314, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1314)
         0.069333114 = weight(abstract_txt:language in 1314) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.069333114 = score(doc=1314,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1768383 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9273769 = boost
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.3920707 = fieldWeight in 1314, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.1820874 = idf(docFreq=1834, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1314)
         0.12422822 = weight(abstract_txt:natural in 1314) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12422822 = score(doc=1314,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.26087314 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3409555 = boost
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.47620165 = fieldWeight in 1314, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0794845 = idf(docFreq=747, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1314)
         0.17768483 = weight(abstract_txt:effort in 1314) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17768483 = score(doc=1314,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3311688 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.6375651 = boost
               5.723078 = idf(docFreq=392, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.53653854 = fieldWeight in 1314, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.723078 = idf(docFreq=392, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1314)
         0.20969015 = weight(abstract_txt:matching in 1314) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.20969015 = score(doc=1314,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3698292 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7872703 = boost
               6.047913 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44218)
               0.021938987 = queryNorm
             0.56699187 = fieldWeight in 1314, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.047913 = idf(docFreq=283, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1314)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)