Document (#30879)

Author

Swertz, C.

Title

Globalisierung und Individualisierung als Bildungsziele

Source

Wissensorganisation und Verantwortung: Gesellschaftliche, ökonomische und technische Aspekte. Proceedings der 9. Tagung der Deutschen Sektion der Internationalen Gesellschaft für Wissensorganisation Duisburg, 5.-7. November 2004. Hrsg. von H.P. Ohly u.a

Imprint

Würzburg : Ergon Verlag

Year

2006

Pages

S.140-146

Series

Fortschritte in der Wissensorganisation; Bd.9

Abstract

Die derzeitigen Tendenzen zur Globalisierung und Individualisierung werden aus Machtgründen und nicht aus vernünftigen Gründen durchgesetzt. Angesichts der nicht immer wünschenswerten Folgen von Globalisierung und Individualisierung ist es erforderlich, diesen Tendenzen etwas entgegenzusetzen. Vernünftige Kritik an diesen Tendenzen ist angesichts der Dialektik der Aufklärung (Horkheimer/Adorno 2004) aber nicht unproblematisch, erscheint doch Vernunft immer schon durch die herrschenden gesellschaftlichen Verhältnisse korrumpiert. Der Durchsetzung von Globalisierung und Individualisierung durch machtförmige Sozialbeziehungen können wir uns nun ebenso bewusst werden wie dem Umstand der Korrumption von Vernunft durch Macht. Eine vernünftige Reflexion von politischen und wirtschaftlichen Interessen und eine fundierte Kritik etwa des Marktförmigwerdens von Bildung oder Wissen führt jedoch nicht dazu, dass diese Tendenzen in irgend einer Form angefochten werden. Es gelingt an Macht Interessierten offenbar mühelos, Kritik in die Machtstrukturen zu integrieren und die Kritik dabei zum Zwecke des Machterhalt zu funktionalisieren (vgl. Campbell 2001). Vernünftige Kritik stabilisiert damit die herrschenden Verhältnisse und trägt nicht zu der intendierten Veränderung bei. Dennoch wird häufig politische Aufklärung in der Absicht einer positiven Veränderung versucht. Ein aktuelles Beispiel für liefern Vertreter der Cultural Studies, die mit der expliziten Absicht auftreten, Machtverhältnisse zu verändern: »Cultural Studies sind daher eine kontextspezifische Theorie und Analyse, die sich damit beschäftigen, wie Kontexte als Strukturen von Macht und Herrschaft hergestellt, aufgelöst und neu gestaltet werden" (Grossberg 2006, 26). Macht und Herrschaft sollen neu gestaltet werden, und die Methode, die Grossberg dazu neben einer spezifischen empirischen Methodik vorschlägt ist die Entwicklung von Theorien als Mittel der Vernunft, eine Position gegenüber von Macht und Herrschaft einzunehmen. Der damit skizzierte Weg basiert auf einer Gegenüberstellung von Macht und Vernunft. Die Absicht von Grossberg ist es also, mit den Mitteln der Vernunft, d.h. insbesondere mittels wissenschaftlicher Theoriebildung, eine Position gegenüber von Macht einzunehmen, die Aufklärung ermöglicht. Das Problem der Korrumption von Vernunft durch Macht wird dabei jedoch nicht gelöst und die Frage, wie denn mittels theoretischer Arbeit eine neue Gestaltung von Macht und Herrschaft erreicht werden kann und wie die neue Gestaltung denn bestimmt werden kann nicht beantwortet. Auch der skeptische Weg bleibt verschlossen, da mit einer skeptischen Methode der Anspruch auf eine neue Gestaltung nicht eingelöst werden kann. Die Bedingung der Möglichkeit der Veränderung von Macht und Herrschaft durch Vernunft bei Grossberg bleibt unklar. Grossbergs Position lässt sich daher im Interesse einer Stabilisierung der Machtverhältnisse funktionalisieren.

Field

Erziehungswissenschaft

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