Document (#36412)

Author

Reimer, U.
Brockhausen, P.
Lau, T.
Reich, J.R.

Title

Ontology-based knowledge management at work : the Swiss life case studies

Source

Towards the semantic Web: ontology-driven knowledge management. Eds.: J. Davies, u.a

Imprint

Chichester : Wiley

Year

2004

Pages

S.197-218

Abstract

This chapter describes two case studies conducted by the Swiss Life insurance group with the objective of proving the practical applicability and superiority of ontology-based knowledge management over classical approaches based on text retrieval technologies. The first case study in the domain of skills management uses manually constructed ontologies about skills, job functions and education. The purpose of the system is to give support for finding employees with certain skills. The ontologies are used to ensure that the user description of skills and the machine-held index of skills and people use the same vocabulary. The use of a shared vocabulary increases the performance of such a system significantly. The second case study aims at improving content-oriented access to passages of a 1000 page document about the International Accounting Standard on the corporate intranet. To this end, an ontology was automatically extracted from the document. It can be used to reformulate queries that turned out not to deliver the intended results. Since the ontology was automatically built, it is of a rather simple structure, consisting of weighted semantic associations between the relevant concepts in the document. We therefore call it a 'lightweight ontology'. The two case studies cover quite different aspects of using ontologies in knowledge management applications. Whereas in the second case study an ontology was automatically derived from a search space to improve information retrieval, in the first skills management case study the ontology itself introduces a structured search space. In one case study we gathered experience in building an ontology manually, while the challenge of the other case study was automatic ontology creation. A number of the novel Semantic Web-based tools described elsewhere in this book were used to build the two systems and both case studies described have led to projects to deploy live systems within Swiss Life.

Theme

Wissensrepräsentation

Area

Informationswirtschaft

Similar documents (author)

1. Reich, Y.: Measuring the value of knowledge (1995) 2.06

   2.057006 = sum of:
     2.057006 = product of:
       4.114012 = sum of:
         4.114012 = weight(author_txt:reich in 1840) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           4.114012 = score(doc=1840,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7267104 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0285373 = boost
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078004055 = queryNorm
             5.661144 = fieldWeight in 1840, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1840)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

2. Reich, C.: Methoden in der Retrospektiven Katalogisierung : Einsatz von neuronalen Netzen (1993) 2.06

   2.057006 = sum of:
     2.057006 = product of:
       4.114012 = sum of:
         4.114012 = weight(author_txt:reich in 2631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           4.114012 = score(doc=2631,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7267104 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0285373 = boost
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078004055 = queryNorm
             5.661144 = fieldWeight in 2631, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2631)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

3. Reich, M.: ¬Die Rolle der Bibliothek beim Aufbau eines Inhouse-Dokumentationssystems am Beispiel der GSF (1992) 2.06

   2.057006 = sum of:
     2.057006 = product of:
       4.114012 = sum of:
         4.114012 = weight(author_txt:reich in 346) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           4.114012 = score(doc=346,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7267104 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0285373 = boost
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078004055 = queryNorm
             5.661144 = fieldWeight in 346, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=346)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

4. Reich, M.: Document delivery-services (1995) 2.06

   2.057006 = sum of:
     2.057006 = product of:
       4.114012 = sum of:
         4.114012 = weight(author_txt:reich in 2193) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           4.114012 = score(doc=2193,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7267104 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0285373 = boost
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078004055 = queryNorm
             5.661144 = fieldWeight in 2193, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2193)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

5. Reich, C.: BIBOS:IV : Stand der Entwicklung (1998) 2.06

   2.057006 = sum of:
     2.057006 = product of:
       4.114012 = sum of:
         4.114012 = weight(author_txt:reich in 1109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           4.114012 = score(doc=1109,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7267104 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0285373 = boost
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078004055 = queryNorm
             5.661144 = fieldWeight in 1109, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.05783 = idf(docFreq=13, maxDocs=44218)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1109)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Sure, Y.; Erdmann, M.; Studer, R.: OntoEdit: collaborative engineering of ontologies (2004) 0.60

   0.60157865 = sum of:
     0.60157865 = product of:
       1.156882 = sum of:
         0.014959628 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014959628 = score(doc=4405,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07132673 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0284431 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.20973381 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.029027479 = weight(abstract_txt:described in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.029027479 = score(doc=4405,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08807136 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1428032 = boost
               4.9718537 = idf(docFreq=832, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.32959044 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.9718537 = idf(docFreq=832, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.021172961 = weight(abstract_txt:second in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021172961 = score(doc=4405,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08991377 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1546948 = boost
               5.023589 = idf(docFreq=790, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.23548074 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.023589 = idf(docFreq=790, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.015887432 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015887432 = score(doc=4405,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.067457154 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.224937 = boost
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.23551884 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.015304166 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015304166 = score(doc=4405,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.072417736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4655194 = boost
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.21133174 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.04211127 = weight(abstract_txt:life in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04211127 = score(doc=4405,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16278003 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9028313 = boost
               5.5189433 = idf(docFreq=481, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.25870046 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5189433 = idf(docFreq=481, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.110701054 = weight(abstract_txt:ontologies in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.110701054 = score(doc=4405,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.18132043 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0082746 = boost
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.6105272 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.020108882 = weight(abstract_txt:study in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020108882 = score(doc=4405,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12529609 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.360932 = boost
               3.423806 = idf(docFreq=3916, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.1604909 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.423806 = idf(docFreq=3916, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.045040414 = weight(abstract_txt:management in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.045040414 = score(doc=4405,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.16020525 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.437039 = boost
               4.2410107 = idf(docFreq=1729, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.28114194 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.2410107 = idf(docFreq=1729, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.1526555 = weight(abstract_txt:swiss in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1526555 = score(doc=4405,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.38412908 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.923064 = boost
               8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.39740676 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.08835843 = weight(abstract_txt:skills in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08835843 = score(doc=4405,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3361328 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8669646 = boost
               5.6078424 = idf(docFreq=440, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.26286763 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6078424 = idf(docFreq=440, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.09277092 = weight(abstract_txt:case in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09277092 = score(doc=4405,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.41168943 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.524894 = boost
               4.807296 = idf(docFreq=981, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.22534199 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.807296 = idf(docFreq=981, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
         0.5087839 = weight(abstract_txt:ontology in 4405) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.5087839 = score(doc=4405,freq=16.0), product of:
             0.49055934 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7214503 = boost
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             1.0371505 = fieldWeight in 4405, product of:
               4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
                 16.0 = termFreq=16.0
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4405)
       0.52 = coord(13/25)
   

2. Solskinnsbakk, G.; Gulla, J.A.; Haderlein, V.; Myrseth, P.; Cerrato, O.: Quality of hierarchies in ontologies and folksonomies (2012) 0.35

   0.35368583 = sum of:
     0.35368583 = product of:
       0.8842145 = sum of:
         0.07465118 = weight(abstract_txt:lightweight in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07465118 = score(doc=1034,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13646683 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.005895 = boost
               8.752448 = idf(docFreq=18, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.547028 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.752448 = idf(docFreq=18, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.03454778 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03454778 = score(doc=1034,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07132673 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0284431 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.48435947 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.012662381 = weight(abstract_txt:used in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012662381 = score(doc=1034,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06030963 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1582254 = boost
               3.3592992 = idf(docFreq=4177, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.2099562 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3592992 = idf(docFreq=4177, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.014978814 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.014978814 = score(doc=1034,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.067457154 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.224937 = boost
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.2220493 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.020405555 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020405555 = score(doc=1034,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.072417736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4655194 = boost
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.28177565 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.06539751 = weight(abstract_txt:manually in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06539751 = score(doc=1034,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15741765 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5278504 = boost
               6.6470313 = idf(docFreq=155, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.41543946 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.6470313 = idf(docFreq=155, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.05608512 = weight(abstract_txt:automatically in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05608512 = score(doc=1034,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16265778 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9021167 = boost
               5.5168705 = idf(docFreq=482, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.3448044 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5168705 = idf(docFreq=482, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.14760141 = weight(abstract_txt:ontologies in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14760141 = score(doc=1034,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.18132043 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0082746 = boost
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.8140363 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.04246451 = weight(abstract_txt:management in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04246451 = score(doc=1034,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16020525 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.437039 = boost
               4.2410107 = idf(docFreq=1729, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.26506317 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2410107 = idf(docFreq=1729, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
         0.41542032 = weight(abstract_txt:ontology in 1034) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.41542032 = score(doc=1034,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.49055934 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7214503 = boost
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.8468299 = fieldWeight in 1034, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1034)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

3. Jiang, X.; Tan, A.-H.: CRCTOL: a semantic-based domain ontology learning system (2009) 0.33

   0.33027506 = sum of:
     0.33027506 = product of:
       0.82568765 = sum of:
         0.030229306 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030229306 = score(doc=3320,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07132673 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0284431 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.42381454 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.015668895 = weight(abstract_txt:used in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015668895 = score(doc=3320,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06030963 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1582254 = boost
               3.3592992 = idf(docFreq=4177, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.25980753 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.3592992 = idf(docFreq=4177, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.013106463 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013106463 = score(doc=3320,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.067457154 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.224937 = boost
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.19429314 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.02186765 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02186765 = score(doc=3320,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.072417736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4655194 = boost
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.3019654 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.02311751 = weight(abstract_txt:document in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02311751 = score(doc=3320,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.098476306 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4800133 = boost
               4.2926083 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.23475201 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2926083 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.049074482 = weight(abstract_txt:automatically in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049074482 = score(doc=3320,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16265778 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9021167 = boost
               5.5168705 = idf(docFreq=482, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.30170387 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5168705 = idf(docFreq=482, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.03029543 = weight(abstract_txt:studies in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03029543 = score(doc=3320,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1297982 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.96202 = boost
               4.26796 = idf(docFreq=1683, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.23340407 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.26796 = idf(docFreq=1683, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.14147809 = weight(abstract_txt:ontologies in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14147809 = score(doc=3320,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.18132043 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0082746 = boost
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.78026557 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.10823273 = weight(abstract_txt:case in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10823273 = score(doc=3320,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.41168943 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.524894 = boost
               4.807296 = idf(docFreq=981, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.26289898 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.807296 = idf(docFreq=981, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
         0.39261705 = weight(abstract_txt:ontology in 3320) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.39261705 = score(doc=3320,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.49055934 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7214503 = boost
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.80034566 = fieldWeight in 3320, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3320)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

4. Farazi, M.: Faceted lightweight ontologies : a formalization and some experiments (2010) 0.26

   0.2599995 = sum of:
     0.2599995 = product of:
       0.9285697 = sum of:
         0.22395353 = weight(abstract_txt:lightweight in 4997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22395353 = score(doc=4997,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.13646683 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.005895 = boost
               8.752448 = idf(docFreq=18, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             1.641084 = fieldWeight in 4997, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               8.752448 = idf(docFreq=18, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4997)
         0.028208144 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 4997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028208144 = score(doc=4997,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07132673 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0284431 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.39547786 = fieldWeight in 4997, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4997)
         0.01790731 = weight(abstract_txt:used in 4997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01790731 = score(doc=4997,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06030963 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1582254 = boost
               3.3592992 = idf(docFreq=4177, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.2969229 = fieldWeight in 4997, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.3592992 = idf(docFreq=4177, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4997)
         0.029957628 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 4997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.029957628 = score(doc=4997,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.067457154 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.224937 = boost
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.4440986 = fieldWeight in 4997, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4997)
         0.026420012 = weight(abstract_txt:document in 4997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026420012 = score(doc=4997,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.098476306 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4800133 = boost
               4.2926083 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.26828802 = fieldWeight in 4997, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2926083 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4997)
         0.18670265 = weight(abstract_txt:ontologies in 4997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18670265 = score(doc=4997,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.18132043 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0082746 = boost
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             1.0296835 = fieldWeight in 4997, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4997)
         0.41542032 = weight(abstract_txt:ontology in 4997) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.41542032 = score(doc=4997,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.49055934 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7214503 = boost
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.8468299 = fieldWeight in 4997, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4997)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

5. King, B.E.; Reinold, K.: Finding the concept, not just the word : a librarian's guide to ontologies and semantics (2008) 0.26

   0.25575262 = sum of:
     0.25575262 = product of:
       0.7104239 = sum of:
         0.04318472 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04318472 = score(doc=2863,freq=12.0), product of:
             0.07132673 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0284431 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.6054493 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                 12.0 = termFreq=12.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
         0.013707429 = weight(abstract_txt:used in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013707429 = score(doc=2863,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.06030963 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1582254 = boost
               3.3592992 = idf(docFreq=4177, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.22728425 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.3592992 = idf(docFreq=4177, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
         0.018723516 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018723516 = score(doc=2863,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.067457154 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.224937 = boost
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.2775616 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
         0.009018066 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.009018066 = score(doc=2863,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.072417736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4655194 = boost
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.12452842 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
         0.021639591 = weight(abstract_txt:studies in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021639591 = score(doc=2863,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1297982 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.96202 = boost
               4.26796 = idf(docFreq=1683, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.16671719 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.26796 = idf(docFreq=1683, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
         0.14875007 = weight(abstract_txt:ontologies in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14875007 = score(doc=2863,freq=13.0), product of:
             0.18132043 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0082746 = boost
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.82037127 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               3.6055512 = tf(freq=13.0), with freq of:
                 13.0 = termFreq=13.0
               5.8247695 = idf(docFreq=354, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
         0.026540319 = weight(abstract_txt:management in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.026540319 = score(doc=2863,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16020525 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.437039 = boost
               4.2410107 = idf(docFreq=1729, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.16566448 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2410107 = idf(docFreq=1729, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
         0.0773091 = weight(abstract_txt:case in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0773091 = score(doc=2863,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.41168943 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.524894 = boost
               4.807296 = idf(docFreq=981, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.187785 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.807296 = idf(docFreq=981, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
         0.3515511 = weight(abstract_txt:ontology in 2863) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3515511 = score(doc=2863,freq=11.0), product of:
             0.49055934 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7214503 = boost
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.015500471 = queryNorm
             0.71663314 = fieldWeight in 2863, product of:
               3.3166249 = tf(freq=11.0), with freq of:
                 11.0 = termFreq=11.0
               5.5314693 = idf(docFreq=475, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=2863)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)