Document (#37391)

Author

Strotmann, A.
Zhao, D.

Title

Author name disambiguation : what difference does it make in author-based citation analysis?

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 63(2012) no.9, S.1820-1833

Year

2012

Abstract

In this article, we explore how strongly author name disambiguation (AND) affects the results of an author-based citation analysis study, and identify conditions under which the traditional simplified approach of using surnames and first initials may suffice in practice. We compare author citation ranking and cocitation mapping results in the stem cell research field from 2004 to 2009 using two AND approaches: the traditional simplified approach of using author surname and first initial and a sophisticated algorithmic approach. We find that the traditional approach leads to extremely distorted rankings and substantially distorted mappings of authors in this field when based on first- or all-author citation counting, whereas last-author-based citation ranking and cocitation mapping both appear relatively immune to the author name ambiguity problem. This is largely because Romanized names of Chinese and Korean authors, who are very active in this field, are extremely ambiguous, but few of these researchers consistently publish as last authors in bylines. We conclude that a more earnest effort is required to deal with the author name ambiguity problem in both citation analysis and information retrieval, especially given the current trend toward globalization. In the stem cell research field, in which laboratory heads are traditionally listed as last authors in bylines, last-author-based citation ranking and cocitation mapping using the traditional approach to author name disambiguation may serve as a simple workaround, but likely at the price of largely filtering out Chinese and Korean contributions to the field as well as important contributions by young researchers.

Theme

Informetrie

Similar documents (author)

1. Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A.: Can citation analysis of Web publications better detect research fronts? (2007) 6.05

   6.0515113 = sum of:
     6.0515113 = sum of:
       2.1915898 = weight(author_txt:zhao in 2472) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1915898 = score(doc=2472,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5655083 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           3.8754337 = fieldWeight in 2472, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=2472)
       3.8599215 = weight(author_txt:strotmann in 2472) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         3.8599215 = score(doc=2472,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.8247426 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2076463 = boost
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           4.680153 = fieldWeight in 2472, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=2472)
   

2. Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A.: Information science during the first decade of the web : an enriched author cocitation analysis (2008) 6.05

   6.0515113 = sum of:
     6.0515113 = sum of:
       2.1915898 = weight(author_txt:zhao in 3721) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1915898 = score(doc=3721,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5655083 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           3.8754337 = fieldWeight in 3721, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3721)
       3.8599215 = weight(author_txt:strotmann in 3721) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         3.8599215 = score(doc=3721,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.8247426 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2076463 = boost
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           4.680153 = fieldWeight in 3721, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3721)
   

3. Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A.: Evolution of research activities and intellectual influences in information science 1996-2005 : introducing author bibliographic-coupling analysis (2008) 6.05

   6.0515113 = sum of:
     6.0515113 = sum of:
       2.1915898 = weight(author_txt:zhao in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1915898 = score(doc=4385,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5655083 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           3.8754337 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
       3.8599215 = weight(author_txt:strotmann in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         3.8599215 = score(doc=4385,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.8247426 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2076463 = boost
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           4.680153 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
   

4. Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A.: Counting first, last, or all authors in citation analysis : a comprehensive comparison in the highly collaborative stem cell research field (2011) 6.05

   6.0515113 = sum of:
     6.0515113 = sum of:
       2.1915898 = weight(author_txt:zhao in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1915898 = score(doc=1369,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5655083 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           3.8754337 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
       3.8599215 = weight(author_txt:strotmann in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         3.8599215 = score(doc=1369,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.8247426 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2076463 = boost
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           4.680153 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
   

5. Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A.: ¬The knowledge base and research front of information science 2006-2010 : an author cocitation and bibliographic coupling analysis (2014) 6.05

   6.0515113 = sum of:
     6.0515113 = sum of:
       2.1915898 = weight(author_txt:zhao in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1915898 = score(doc=3260,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.5655083 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           3.8754337 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.7508674 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
       3.8599215 = weight(author_txt:strotmann in 3260) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         3.8599215 = score(doc=3260,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.8247426 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2076463 = boost
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.072960645 = queryNorm
           4.680153 = fieldWeight in 3260, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.360306 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=42740)
             0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3260)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A.: Counting first, last, or all authors in citation analysis : a comprehensive comparison in the highly collaborative stem cell research field (2011) 0.87

   0.87111515 = sum of:
     0.87111515 = product of:
       1.5555627 = sum of:
         0.030411389 = weight(abstract_txt:first in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030411389 = score(doc=1369,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.081896 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0385118 = boost
               4.20125 = idf(docFreq=1739, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.37134156 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.20125 = idf(docFreq=1739, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.027659433 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027659433 = score(doc=1369,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07962569 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3219987 = boost
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.3473682 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.10648385 = weight(abstract_txt:stem in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10648385 = score(doc=1369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20784548 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3508426 = boost
               8.197155 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.5123222 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.197155 = idf(docFreq=31, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.05090278 = weight(abstract_txt:ranking in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05090278 = score(doc=1369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14545976 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.384049 = boost
               5.5991054 = idf(docFreq=429, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.34994408 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5991054 = idf(docFreq=429, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.07952012 = weight(abstract_txt:mapping in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07952012 = score(doc=1369,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15543777 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4307321 = boost
               5.7879596 = idf(docFreq=355, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.51158816 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.7879596 = idf(docFreq=355, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.12811866 = weight(abstract_txt:cell in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12811866 = score(doc=1369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23512188 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4367492 = boost
               8.7184515 = idf(docFreq=18, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.5449032 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.7184515 = idf(docFreq=18, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.039031737 = weight(abstract_txt:traditional in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.039031737 = score(doc=1369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13412406 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5346268 = boost
               4.656195 = idf(docFreq=1103, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.2910122 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.656195 = idf(docFreq=1103, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.05585198 = weight(abstract_txt:authors in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05585198 = score(doc=1369,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13517939 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5406525 = boost
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.41316935 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.11685655 = weight(abstract_txt:disambiguation in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11685655 = score(doc=1369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25313404 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.825809 = boost
               7.3862243 = idf(docFreq=71, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.46163902 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.3862243 = idf(docFreq=71, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.089550406 = weight(abstract_txt:field in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.089550406 = score(doc=1369,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.15832755 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8641579 = boost
               4.5248175 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.5656022 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.5248175 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.12854965 = weight(abstract_txt:last in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12854965 = score(doc=1369,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.20585826 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9012253 = boost
               5.768488 = idf(docFreq=362, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.6244571 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.768488 = idf(docFreq=362, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.092114225 = weight(abstract_txt:name in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.092114225 = score(doc=1369,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.25610372 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3708954 = boost
               5.7548075 = idf(docFreq=367, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.35967547 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.7548075 = idf(docFreq=367, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.18019609 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18019609 = score(doc=1369,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.2620682 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.83776 = boost
               4.92001 = idf(docFreq=847, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.6875923 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.92001 = idf(docFreq=847, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
         0.43031582 = weight(abstract_txt:author in 1369) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.43031582 = score(doc=1369,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.46065864 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.9260597 = boost
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.9341317 = fieldWeight in 1369, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1369)
       0.56 = coord(14/25)
   

2. Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A.: In-text author citation analysis : feasibility, benefits, and limitations (2014) 0.65

   0.6534716 = sum of:
     0.6534716 = product of:
       1.4851627 = sum of:
         0.03257634 = weight(abstract_txt:using in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03257634 = score(doc=3536,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.07489905 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1467998 = boost
               3.4794931 = idf(docFreq=3580, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.43493664 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.4794931 = idf(docFreq=3580, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.015969181 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015969181 = score(doc=3536,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07962569 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3219987 = boost
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.20055313 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.071987405 = weight(abstract_txt:ranking in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.071987405 = score(doc=3536,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.14545976 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.384049 = boost
               5.5991054 = idf(docFreq=429, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.49489567 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.5991054 = idf(docFreq=429, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.05622922 = weight(abstract_txt:mapping in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05622922 = score(doc=3536,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15543777 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4307321 = boost
               5.7879596 = idf(docFreq=355, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.36174747 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.7879596 = idf(docFreq=355, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.05519921 = weight(abstract_txt:traditional in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05519921 = score(doc=3536,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13412406 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5346268 = boost
               4.656195 = idf(docFreq=1103, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.41155338 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.656195 = idf(docFreq=1103, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.05585198 = weight(abstract_txt:authors in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05585198 = score(doc=3536,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13517939 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5406525 = boost
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.41316935 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.16526012 = weight(abstract_txt:disambiguation in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16526012 = score(doc=3536,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.25313404 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.825809 = boost
               7.3862243 = idf(docFreq=71, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.6528562 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.3862243 = idf(docFreq=71, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.18400557 = weight(abstract_txt:cocitation in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18400557 = score(doc=3536,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2719313 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8923857 = boost
               7.655557 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.676662 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.655557 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.13026918 = weight(abstract_txt:name in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13026918 = score(doc=3536,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.25610372 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.3708954 = boost
               5.7548075 = idf(docFreq=367, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.50865793 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.7548075 = idf(docFreq=367, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.3121088 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3121088 = score(doc=3536,freq=15.0), product of:
             0.2620682 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.83776 = boost
               4.92001 = idf(docFreq=847, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             1.1909449 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               3.8729835 = tf(freq=15.0), with freq of:
                 15.0 = termFreq=15.0
               4.92001 = idf(docFreq=847, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.40570566 = weight(abstract_txt:author in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.40570566 = score(doc=3536,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.46065864 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.9260597 = boost
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.8807078 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
       0.44 = coord(11/25)
   

3. Rousseau, R.; Zuccala, A.: ¬A classification of author co-citations : definitions and search strategies (2004) 0.38

   0.3792226 = sum of:
     0.3792226 = product of:
       1.0533961 = sum of:
         0.03724619 = weight(abstract_txt:first in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03724619 = score(doc=3267,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.081896 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0385118 = boost
               4.20125 = idf(docFreq=1739, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.45479864 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.20125 = idf(docFreq=1739, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
         0.028211938 = weight(abstract_txt:using in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028211938 = score(doc=3267,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07489905 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1467998 = boost
               3.4794931 = idf(docFreq=3580, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.3766662 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.4794931 = idf(docFreq=3580, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
         0.022583831 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022583831 = score(doc=3267,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07962569 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3219987 = boost
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.28362495 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
         0.05090278 = weight(abstract_txt:ranking in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05090278 = score(doc=3267,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14545976 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.384049 = boost
               5.5991054 = idf(docFreq=429, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.34994408 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.5991054 = idf(docFreq=429, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
         0.03949331 = weight(abstract_txt:authors in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03949331 = score(doc=3267,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13517939 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5406525 = boost
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.29215485 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
         0.0633217 = weight(abstract_txt:field in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0633217 = score(doc=3267,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15832755 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8641579 = boost
               4.5248175 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.39994115 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.5248175 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
         0.13011159 = weight(abstract_txt:cocitation in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13011159 = score(doc=3267,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2719313 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8923857 = boost
               7.655557 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.47847232 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.655557 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
         0.22793202 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22793202 = score(doc=3267,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.2620682 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.83776 = boost
               4.92001 = idf(docFreq=847, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.8697431 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               4.92001 = idf(docFreq=847, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
         0.45359272 = weight(abstract_txt:author in 3267) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.45359272 = score(doc=3267,freq=10.0), product of:
             0.46065864 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.9260597 = boost
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.9846613 = fieldWeight in 3267, product of:
               3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                 10.0 = termFreq=10.0
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3267)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

4. Zhao, D.; Strotmann, A.: Evolution of research activities and intellectual influences in information science 1996-2005 : introducing author bibliographic-coupling analysis (2008) 0.30

   0.29823592 = sum of:
     0.29823592 = product of:
       0.8284331 = sum of:
         0.021504099 = weight(abstract_txt:first in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021504099 = score(doc=4385,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.081896 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0385118 = boost
               4.20125 = idf(docFreq=1739, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.26257813 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.20125 = idf(docFreq=1739, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
         0.015969181 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015969181 = score(doc=4385,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07962569 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3219987 = boost
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.20055313 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
         0.07952012 = weight(abstract_txt:mapping in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07952012 = score(doc=4385,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15543777 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4307321 = boost
               5.7879596 = idf(docFreq=355, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.51158816 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.7879596 = idf(docFreq=355, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
         0.06840442 = weight(abstract_txt:authors in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06840442 = score(doc=4385,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.13517939 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5406525 = boost
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.50602704 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
         0.109676406 = weight(abstract_txt:field in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.109676406 = score(doc=4385,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.15832755 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8641579 = boost
               4.5248175 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.6927184 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.5248175 = idf(docFreq=1258, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
         0.13011159 = weight(abstract_txt:cocitation in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13011159 = score(doc=4385,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2719313 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8923857 = boost
               7.655557 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.47847232 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.655557 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
         0.074218184 = weight(abstract_txt:last in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.074218184 = score(doc=4385,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20585826 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9012253 = boost
               5.768488 = idf(docFreq=362, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.3605305 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.768488 = idf(docFreq=362, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
         0.08058614 = weight(abstract_txt:citation in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08058614 = score(doc=4385,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2620682 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.83776 = boost
               4.92001 = idf(docFreq=847, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.30750063 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.92001 = idf(docFreq=847, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
         0.24844296 = weight(abstract_txt:author in 4385) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.24844296 = score(doc=4385,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.46065864 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.9260597 = boost
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.5393212 = fieldWeight in 4385, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4385)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

5. Lu, K.; Wolfram, D.: Measuring author research relatedness : a comparison of word-based, topic-based, and author cocitation approaches (2012) 0.28

   0.27707767 = sum of:
     0.27707767 = product of:
       0.86586773 = sum of:
         0.028211938 = weight(abstract_txt:using in 2454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028211938 = score(doc=2454,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.07489905 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1467998 = boost
               3.4794931 = idf(docFreq=3580, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.3766662 = fieldWeight in 2454, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.4794931 = idf(docFreq=3580, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2454)
         0.050498985 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 2454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.050498985 = score(doc=2454,freq=10.0), product of:
             0.07962569 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3219987 = boost
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.6342047 = fieldWeight in 2454, product of:
               3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                 10.0 = termFreq=10.0
               3.2088501 = idf(docFreq=4693, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2454)
         0.07952012 = weight(abstract_txt:mapping in 2454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07952012 = score(doc=2454,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15543777 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4307321 = boost
               5.7879596 = idf(docFreq=355, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.51158816 = fieldWeight in 2454, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.7879596 = idf(docFreq=355, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2454)
         0.039031737 = weight(abstract_txt:traditional in 2454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.039031737 = score(doc=2454,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13412406 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5346268 = boost
               4.656195 = idf(docFreq=1103, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.2910122 = fieldWeight in 2454, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.656195 = idf(docFreq=1103, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2454)
         0.088309735 = weight(abstract_txt:authors in 2454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.088309735 = score(doc=2454,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.13517939 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5406525 = boost
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.6532781 = fieldWeight in 2454, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.6744776 = idf(docFreq=1083, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2454)
         0.04493828 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 2454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04493828 = score(doc=2454,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.11004458 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5541351 = boost
               3.772308 = idf(docFreq=2671, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.40836433 = fieldWeight in 2454, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.772308 = idf(docFreq=2671, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2454)
         0.18400557 = weight(abstract_txt:cocitation in 2454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18400557 = score(doc=2454,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2719313 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8923857 = boost
               7.655557 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.676662 = fieldWeight in 2454, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               7.655557 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2454)
         0.3513514 = weight(abstract_txt:author in 2454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3513514 = score(doc=2454,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.46065864 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.9260597 = boost
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.018770365 = queryNorm
             0.76271534 = fieldWeight in 2454, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.9820356 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=42740)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2454)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)