Document (#38006)

Author

Carrillo-de-Albornoz, J.
Plaza, L.

Title

¬An emotion-based model of negation, intensifiers, and modality for polarity and intensity classification

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.8, S.1618-1633

Year

2013

Abstract

Negation, intensifiers, and modality are common linguistic constructions that may modify the emotional meaning of the text and therefore need to be taken into consideration in sentiment analysis. Negation is usually considered as a polarity shifter, whereas intensifiers are regarded as amplifiers or diminishers of the strength of such polarity. Modality, in turn, has only been addressed in a very naïve fashion, so that modal forms are treated as polarity blockers. However, processing these constructions as mere polarity modifiers may be adequate for polarity classification, but it is not enough for more complex tasks (e.g., intensity classification), for which a more fine-grained model based on emotions is needed. In this work, we study the effect of modifiers on the emotions affected by them and propose a model of negation, intensifiers, and modality especially conceived for sentiment analysis tasks. We compare our emotion-based strategy with two traditional approaches based on polar expressions and find that representing the text as a set of emotions increases accuracy in different classification tasks and that this representation allows for a more accurate modeling of modifiers that results in further classification improvements. We also study the most common uses of modifiers in opinionated texts and quantify their impact in polarity and intensity classification. Finally, we analyze the joint effect of emotional modifiers and find that interesting synergies exist between them.

Theme

Computerlinguistik

Similar documents (author)

1. Aamodt, A.; Plaza, E.: Case-based reasoning : foundation issues, methodological variations, and systems approaches (1994) 4.81

   4.808723 = sum of:
     4.808723 = weight(author_txt:plaza in 4570) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.808723 = fieldWeight in 4570, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.617446 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=44218)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=4570)
   

2. Mataras, R.L.D.; Plaza, E.: Case-based reasoning : an overview (1997) 4.81

   4.808723 = sum of:
     4.808723 = weight(author_txt:plaza in 436) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.808723 = fieldWeight in 436, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.617446 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=44218)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=436)
   

3. Plaza, L.; Stevenson, M.; Díaz, A.: Resolving ambiguity in biomedical text to improve summarization (2012) 3.61

   3.606542 = sum of:
     3.606542 = weight(author_txt:plaza in 2734) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.606542 = fieldWeight in 2734, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.617446 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=44218)
         0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2734)
   

4. Aker, A.; Plaza, L.; Lloret, E.; Gaizauskas, R.: Do humans have conceptual models about geographic objects? : a user study (2013) 3.01

   3.005452 = sum of:
     3.005452 = weight(author_txt:plaza in 680) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.005452 = fieldWeight in 680, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.617446 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=44218)
         0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=680)
   

5. Rodríguez-Vidal, J.; Gonzalo, J.; Plaza, L.; Anaya Sánchez, H.: Automatic detection of influencers in social networks : authority versus domain signals (2019) 3.01

   3.005452 = sum of:
     3.005452 = weight(author_txt:plaza in 5301) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.005452 = fieldWeight in 5301, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.617446 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=44218)
         0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=5301)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Perea-Ortega, J.M.; Martín-Valdivia, M.T.; Ureña-López, L.A.; Martínez-Cámara, E.: Improving polarity classification of bilingual parallel corpora combining machine learning and semantic orientation approaches (2013) 0.18

   0.17533584 = sum of:
     0.17533584 = product of:
       0.730566 = sum of:
         0.0121013 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 1045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0121013 = score(doc=1045,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.042946577 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5308926 = boost
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.28177565 = fieldWeight in 1045, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1045)
         0.010540699 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010540699 = score(doc=1045,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.035588298 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7067884 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.2961844 = fieldWeight in 1045, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1045)
         0.05691803 = weight(abstract_txt:sentiment in 1045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05691803 = score(doc=1045,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12056107 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8137149 = boost
               7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.47210953 = fieldWeight in 1045, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1045)
         0.027263658 = weight(abstract_txt:tasks in 1045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027263658 = score(doc=1045,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08448774 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8595504 = boost
               5.1630983 = idf(docFreq=687, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.32269365 = fieldWeight in 1045, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1630983 = idf(docFreq=687, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1045)
         0.043655574 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 1045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.043655574 = score(doc=1045,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.10101837 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8755853 = boost
               3.9920752 = idf(docFreq=2218, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.4321548 = fieldWeight in 1045, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.9920752 = idf(docFreq=2218, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1045)
         0.58008677 = weight(abstract_txt:polarity in 1045) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.58008677 = score(doc=1045,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.542049 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.1948004 = boost
               8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             1.0701741 = fieldWeight in 1045, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1045)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

2. Montejo-Ráez, A.; Martínez-Cámara, E.; Martín-Valdivia, M.T.; Ureña-López, L.A.: ¬A knowledge-based approach for polarity classification in Twitter (2014) 0.17

   0.16998792 = sum of:
     0.16998792 = product of:
       0.8499396 = sum of:
         0.022176925 = weight(abstract_txt:them in 1204) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022176925 = score(doc=1204,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.038955662 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0309812 = boost
               4.293826 = idf(docFreq=1640, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.5692863 = fieldWeight in 1204, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.293826 = idf(docFreq=1640, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1204)
         0.012835368 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 1204) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012835368 = score(doc=1204,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.042946577 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5308926 = boost
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.29886824 = fieldWeight in 1204, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1204)
         0.007905523 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1204) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.007905523 = score(doc=1204,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.035588298 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7067884 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.22213829 = fieldWeight in 1204, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1204)
         0.05346694 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 1204) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05346694 = score(doc=1204,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10101837 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8755853 = boost
               3.9920752 = idf(docFreq=2218, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.52927935 = fieldWeight in 1204, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9920752 = idf(docFreq=2218, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1204)
         0.7535548 = weight(abstract_txt:polarity in 1204) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.7535548 = score(doc=1204,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.542049 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.1948004 = boost
               8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             1.3901969 = fieldWeight in 1204, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1204)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

3. Abdi, A.; Shamsuddin, S.M.; Aliguliyev, R.M.: QMOS: Query-based multi-documents opinion-oriented summarization (2018) 0.16

   0.15841715 = sum of:
     0.15841715 = product of:
       0.6600715 = sum of:
         0.009147515 = weight(abstract_txt:them in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.009147515 = score(doc=5089,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.038955662 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0309812 = boost
               4.293826 = idf(docFreq=1640, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.23481861 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.293826 = idf(docFreq=1640, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
         0.049529534 = weight(abstract_txt:opinionated in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.049529534 = score(doc=5089,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.095338434 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1404716 = boost
               9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.5195128 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.499662 = idf(docFreq=8, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
         0.01296838 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01296838 = score(doc=5089,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.042946577 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5308926 = boost
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.3019654 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.1879277 = idf(docFreq=4958, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
         0.007987448 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.007987448 = score(doc=5089,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.035588298 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7067884 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.22444029 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
         0.14086494 = weight(abstract_txt:sentiment in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14086494 = score(doc=5089,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.12056107 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8137149 = boost
               7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             1.1684115 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
         0.43957365 = weight(abstract_txt:polarity in 5089) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.43957365 = score(doc=5089,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.542049 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.1948004 = boost
               8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.8109482 = fieldWeight in 5089, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=5089)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Xing, F.Z.; Pallucchini, F.; Cambria, E.: Cognitive-inspired domain adaptation of sentiment lexicons (2019) 0.14

   0.1439996 = sum of:
     0.1439996 = product of:
       0.719998 = sum of:
         0.010454303 = weight(abstract_txt:them in 5104) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010454303 = score(doc=5104,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.038955662 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0309812 = boost
               4.293826 = idf(docFreq=1640, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.26836413 = fieldWeight in 5104, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.293826 = idf(docFreq=1640, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5104)
         0.010540699 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 5104) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.010540699 = score(doc=5104,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.035588298 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7067884 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.2961844 = fieldWeight in 5104, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5104)
         0.1609885 = weight(abstract_txt:sentiment in 5104) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1609885 = score(doc=5104,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.12056107 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8137149 = boost
               7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             1.3353274 = fieldWeight in 5104, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5104)
         0.035644624 = weight(abstract_txt:classification in 5104) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.035644624 = score(doc=5104,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10101837 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8755853 = boost
               3.9920752 = idf(docFreq=2218, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.3528529 = fieldWeight in 5104, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.9920752 = idf(docFreq=2218, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5104)
         0.5023699 = weight(abstract_txt:polarity in 5104) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.5023699 = score(doc=5104,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.542049 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.1948004 = boost
               8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.9267979 = fieldWeight in 5104, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5104)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

5. Lopatovska, I.: Toward a model of emotions and mood in the online information search process (2014) 0.13

   0.13058968 = sum of:
     0.13058968 = product of:
       0.46639168 = sum of:
         0.015421078 = weight(abstract_txt:find in 1348) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015421078 = score(doc=1348,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.05047973 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1736104 = boost
               4.887848 = idf(docFreq=905, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.3054905 = fieldWeight in 1348, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.887848 = idf(docFreq=905, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1348)
         0.021139072 = weight(abstract_txt:effect in 1348) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021139072 = score(doc=1348,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06229184 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3037101 = boost
               5.4296865 = idf(docFreq=526, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.3393554 = fieldWeight in 1348, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.4296865 = idf(docFreq=526, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1348)
         0.012547039 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 1348) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012547039 = score(doc=1348,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.050361477 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4356889 = boost
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.24913962 = fieldWeight in 1348, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1348)
         0.009128512 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1348) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.009128512 = score(doc=1348,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.035588298 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7067884 = boost
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.2565032 = fieldWeight in 1348, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1348)
         0.027263658 = weight(abstract_txt:tasks in 1348) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027263658 = score(doc=1348,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08448774 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8595504 = boost
               5.1630983 = idf(docFreq=687, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.32269365 = fieldWeight in 1348, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.1630983 = idf(docFreq=687, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1348)
         0.06981646 = weight(abstract_txt:emotion in 1348) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06981646 = score(doc=1348,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13814837 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9415042 = boost
               8.085969 = idf(docFreq=36, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             0.50537306 = fieldWeight in 1348, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.085969 = idf(docFreq=36, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1348)
         0.31107587 = weight(abstract_txt:emotions in 1348) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.31107587 = score(doc=1348,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.20585796 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9026518 = boost
               8.059301 = idf(docFreq=37, maxDocs=44218)
               0.008799852 = queryNorm
             1.511119 = fieldWeight in 1348, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               8.059301 = idf(docFreq=37, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1348)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)