Search (7 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

In this book, Ronald Day offers a critical history of the modern tradition of documentation. Focusing on the documentary index (understood as a mode of social positioning), and drawing on the work of the French documentalist Suzanne Briet, Day explores the understanding and uses of indexicality. He examines the transition as indexes went from being explicit professional structures that mediated users and documents to being implicit infrastructural devices used in everyday information and communication acts. Doing so, he also traces three epistemic eras in the representation of individuals and groups, first in the forms of documents, then information, then data. Day investigates five cases from the modern tradition of documentation. He considers the socio-technical instrumentalism of Paul Otlet, "the father of European documentation" (contrasting it to the hermeneutic perspective of Martin Heidegger); the shift from documentation to information science and the accompanying transformation of persons and texts into users and information; social media's use of algorithms, further subsuming persons and texts; attempts to build android robots -- to embody human agency within an information system that resembles a human being; and social "big data" as a technique of neoliberal governance that employs indexing and analytics for purposes of surveillance. Finally, Day considers the status of critique and judgment at a time when people and their rights of judgment are increasingly mediated, displaced, and replaced by modern documentary techniques.

Content

Paul Otlet : friends and books for information needsRepresenting documents and persons in information systems : library and information science and citation indexing and analysis -- Social computing and the indexing of the whole -- The document as the subject : androids -- Governing expression : social big data and neoliberalism.

Footnote

Vgl. auch den Beitrag: Day, R.E.: An afterword to indexing it all: the subject in the age of documentation, information, and data. In: Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 42(2016) no.2, S.25-28. Rez. in: JASIST 67(2016) no.7, S.1784-1786 (H.A. Olson).

LCSH

Information science / Philosophy
Information science / Social aspects
Information technology / Social aspects

Series

History and foundation of information science

Subject

Information science / Philosophy
Information science / Social aspects
Information technology / Social aspects

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Abstract

The relationship between a person with a question and a source of information is complex. Indexing and abstracting often fail because too much emphasis is put on the mechanics of description, and too little has been given as to what ought to be represented. Research literature suggests that inappropriate representation results in failed searches a significant number of times, perhaps even in a majority of cases. "Doing Things with Information" seeks to rectify this unfortunate situation by emphasizing methods of modeling and constructing appropriate representations of such questions and documents. Students in programs of information studies will find focal points for discussion about system design and refinement of existing systems. Librarians, scholars, and those who work within large document collections, whether paper or electronic, will find insights into the strengths and weaknesses of the access systems they use.

Content

Inhalt: 1. Background concepts and models 2. Considerations of representation 3. Representation, function, and utility 4. Failures of representation: Indeterminacy and depth 5. Aboutness and user-generated descriptors 6. Responses to indeterminacy 7. Doing things with word-based documents 8. Functional application of information measurement 9. Functional ontology construction 10. Creek pebbles: A summary metaphor and touchstone for exploration

Footnote

The authors state that this book emerged from a proposal to do a second edition of Explorations in Indexing and Abstracting (O'Connor 1996); much of its content is the result of the authors' reaction to the reviews of this first edition and their realization for "the necessity to address some more fundamental questions". Rez. in: KO 38(2011) no.1, S.62-64 (L.F. Spiteri): "This book provides a good overview of the relationship between the document and the user; in this regard, it reinforces the importance of the clientcentred approach to the design of document representation systems. In the final chapter, the authors state: "We have offered examples of new ways to think about messages in all sorts of media and how they might be discovered, analyzed, synthesized, and generated. We brought together philosophical, scientific, and engineering notions into a fundamental model for just how we might understand doing this with information" (p. 225). The authors have certainly succeeded in highlighting the complex processes, nature, and implications of document representation systems, although, as has been seen, the novelty of some of their discussions and suggestions is sometimes limited. With further explanation, the FOC model may serve as a useful way to understand how to build document representation systems to better meet user needs."; vgl.: http://www.ergon-verlag.de/isko_ko/downloads/ko_38_2011_1e.pdf.

LCSH

Information retrieval
Information storage and retrieval systems / Design

RSWK

Information-Retrieval-System

Subject

Information-Retrieval-System
Information retrieval
Information storage and retrieval systems / Design

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Abstract

Indexing consists of both novel and more traditional techniques. Cutting-edge indexing techniques, such as automatic indexing, ontologies, and topic maps, were developed independently of older techniques such as thesauri, but it is now recognized that these older methods also hold expertise. Indexing describes various traditional and novel indexing techniques, giving information professionals and students of library and information sciences a broad and comprehensible introduction to indexing. This title consists of twelve chapters: an Introduction to subject readings and theasauri; Automatic indexing versus manual indexing; Techniques applied in automatic indexing of text material; Automatic indexing of images; The black art of indexing moving images; Automatic indexing of music; Taxonomies and ontologies; Metadata formats and indexing; Tagging; Topic maps; Indexing the web; and The Semantic Web.

Series

Chandos information professional series

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LCSH

Information storage and retrieval systems

RSWK

Information Retrieval

Subject

Information storage and retrieval systems
Information Retrieval

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Abstract

LIS professionals use structures for organizing knowledge when they catalog and classify objects in the collection, when they develop databases, when they design customized taxonomies, or when they search online. Structures for Organizing Knowledge: Exploring Taxonomies, Ontologies, and Other Schema explores and explains this basic function by looking at three questions: 1) How do we organize objects so that they make sense and are useful? 2) What role do categories, classifications, taxonomies, and other structures play in the process of organizing? 3) What do information professionals need to know about organizing behaviors in order to design useful structures for organizing knowledge? Taking a broad, yet specialized approach that is a first in the field, this book answers those questions by examining three threads: traditional structures for organizing knowledge; personal structures for organizing knowledge; and socially-constructed structures for organizing knowledge. Through these threads, it offers avenues for expanding thinking on classification and classification schemes, taxonomy and ontology development, and structures. Both a history of the development of taxonomies and an analysis of current research, theories, and applications, this volume explores a wide array of topics, including the new digital, social aspect of taxonomy development. Examples of subjects covered include: Formal and informal structures Applications of knowledge structures Classification schemes Early taxonomists and their contributions Social networking, bookmarking, and cataloging sites Cataloging codes Standards and best practices Tags, tagging, and folksonomies Descriptive cataloging Metadata schema standards Thought exercises, references, and a list of helpful websites augment each section. A final chapter, "Thinking Ahead: Are We at a Crossroads?" uses "envisioning exercises" to help LIS professionals look into the future.

LCSH

Information organization

Subject

Information organization

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Content

Inhalt: KEYNOTE ADDRESS Richard P. Smiraglia. Universes, Dimensions, Domains, Intensions and Extensions: Knowledge Organization for the 21st Century DOMAIN OF KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION Birger Hjorland. Is Knowledge Organization = Information Organization? - H.Peter Ohly. Mission, Programs and Challenges of Knowledge Organization - Rick Szostak. The Basic Concepts Classification - José Augusto Chaves Guimarães, Ely Tannuri de Oliveira and Maria Cláudia Cabrini Gracio. Theoretical Referents in Knowledge Organization: A Domain Analysis of Knowledge Organization Journal - José Augusto Chaves Guimarães and Joseph T. Tennis. Constant Pioneers: The Citation Frontiers of Indexing Theory in the ISKO International Proceedings- Aline Elis Arboit, Maria Cláudia Cabrini Gracio, Ely Francina Tannuri de Oliveira and Leilah Santiago Bufrem. Relationship Between Authors and Main Subject Categories in the Knowledge Organization Domain: A Bibliometric Approach
GENERAL CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES Almila Akdag Salah, Cheng Gao, Krzysztof Suchecki, Andrea Scharnhorst, and Richard P. Smiraglia. The Evolution of Classification Systems: Ontogeny of the UDC - Joseph T. Tennis. Facets and Fugit Tempus: Considering Time.s Effect on Faceted Classification Schemes - B.A. Sharada. Ranganathan's Colon Classification: Kannada-English Version .dwibindu vargiikaraNa. - KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION FOR THE DIGITAL ENVIRONMENT Carolyn Watters and Naureen Nizam. Knowledge Organization on the Web: The Emergent Role of Social Classification - M. Cristina Pattuelli and Sara Rubinow. Charting DBpedia: Towards a Cartography of a Major Linked Dataset - Christopher S.G. Khoo. Dong Zhang, Mi Wang and Xin Jie Yun. Subject Organization in Three Types of Information Resources: An Exploratory Study - Kavi Mahesh and Pallavi Karanth. A Novel Knowledge Organization Scheme for the Web: Superlinks with Semantic Roles - Gercina Angela Borem de Oliveira Lima. Conceptual Modeling of Hypertexts: Methodological Proposal for the Management of Semantic Content in Digital Libraries - Evelyn Orrico, Vera Dodebei and Miriam Gontijo. The Precision of Metaphor for Information Retrieval
KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION AS A NAVIGATION TOOL Charles-Antoine Julien, Pierre Tirilly, John. E. Leide and Catherine Guastavino. Using the LCSH Hierarchy to Browse a Collection - Pierre Tirilly and Charles-Antoine Julien. Random Walks for Subject Hierarchy Simplification - Benildes Coura Moreira dos Santos Maculan and Gercina Ângela Borém de Oliveira Lima. Faceted Taxonomy as Mechanism for Browsing and Accessing Digital Libraries of Thesis and Dissertations: A Case Study ONTOLOGY Michael Shepherd and Tara Sampalli. Ontology as Boundary Object - Flávio Codeço Coelho, Renato Rocha Souza and Claudia Torres Codeço. Towards an Ontology for Mathematical Modeling with Application to Epidemiology - T. Padmavathy and M. Krishnamurthy. Ontological Representation of Knowledge for Developing Information Services in Food Science and Technology - Sangeeta Deokattey, D.K. Dixit and K. Bhanumurthy. Co-word and Facet Analysis as Tools for Conceptualization in Ontologies: a Preliminary Study for a Micro-Domain
CATEGORIES IN KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION L. Hajibayova and E. K. Jacob. A Theoretical Framework for Operationalizing Basic Level Categories in Knowledge Organization Research - A. Y. Asundi. Epistemological Basis of some Common Categories - A Study of Space and Time As Common Concepts - A. Y. Asundi. Domain Specific Categories and Relations and their Potential Applications: A Case Study of Two Arrays of Agriculture Schedule of Colon Classification RELATIONSHIPS IN KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION K. S. Raghavan and A. Neelameghan. Indic Cultures and Concepts: Implications for Knowledge Organization - Eduardo Ismael Murguia and Rodrigo de Sales. CNPq.s Knowledge Area Table as a Knowledge and Power Apparatus - Maja Zumer, Marcia Lei Zeng and Joan S. Mitchell. FRBRizing KOS Relationships: Applying the FRBR Model to Versions of the DDC - D. Grant Campbell. Farradane.s Relational Indexing and its Relationship to Hyperlinking in Alzheimer.s Information - Elizabeth Milonas. Classifying Web Term Relationships: An Examination of the Search Result Pages of Two Major Search Engines - Rosa San Sengundo and Daniel Martinez Avila. New Conceptual Structures for the Digital Environment: From KOS to the Semantic Interconnection - A. Neelameghan and K.S. Raghavan. Concept of .Time., Semantic Relationships and Cultural Frames
KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION FOR ARCHIVES Renato Rocha Souza, Flávio Codeço Coelho and Suemi Higuchi. The CPDOC Semantic Portal: Applying Semantic and Knowledge Organization Systems to the Brazilian Contemporary History Domain - Natália Bolfarini Tognoli and José Augusto Chaves Guimarães. Challenges of Knowledge Representation in Contemporary Archival Science - Thiago Henrique Bragato Barros and João Batista Ernesto de Moraes. Archival Classification and Knowledge Organization: Theoretical Possibilities for the Archival Field - Pekka Henttonen. Diversity of Knowledge Organization in Records and Archives Management DESIGN AND DEVELOPMENT OF KNOWLEDGE ORGANIZATION TOOLS Leonard Will. The ISO 25964 Data Model for the Structure of an Information Retrieval Thesaurus - Wieslaw Babik. A Faceted Classification of Cartographic Materials: Problems of Construction and Use - Ming-Shu, Yuan, Fan-Hua, Nan and Gou-Chi, Lee. Constructing Knowledge Classification Scheme in Industrial Technology via Domain Analysis: An Empirical Study - B.L. Vinod Kumar and Khaiser Nikam. Sanskrit-English Bilingual Thesaurus for Yogic Sciences: A Case Study of Problems and Issues with Terms of Non-Latin Origin - Emilena Josemary Lorenzon, Luciana de Souza Gracioso, Marco Donizete Paulino da Silva, Marcele Tinelli, Roniberto Morato Amaral, Leandro Innocentini Lopes de Faria and Wanda Aparecida Machado Hoffmann. Controlled Vocabulary for Intelligence Information System for Shoes
INFORMATION MINING / AUTOMATIC INDEXING Flávio Codeço Coelho, Renato Rocha Souza, Daniel Magalhães Chada and Pablo de Camargo Cerdeira. Information Mining and Visualization of Data from the Brazilian Supreme Court (STF): A Case Study - Carlos Alberto Correa and Nair Yumiko Kobashi. Automatic Indexing and Information Visualization: A Study Based on Paraconsistent Logics - Nalini A. Raja. Digitized Contents and Index Pages as Alternative Subject Access Fields USERS AND CONTEXT Carol L. Tilley and Kathryn A. La Barre. What if they build it and no one comes? Balancing Full-Text Access and User Tasks - Sholeh Arastoopoor and Rahmatollah Fattahi. Users. perception of Aboutness and Ofness in Images: An Approach to Subject Indexing Based on Ervin Panofsky's Theory and Users' View - Melodie J. Fox. Communities of Practice, Gender and Social Tagging - Radia Bernaoui and Mohmed Hassoun. User Expectations and Reality and Delineation of Agricultural Information Systems in the Maghreb ABSTRACTS OF POSTERS

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RSWK

Google / Internet / Information Retrieval / Aufsatzsammlung

Subject

Google / Internet / Information Retrieval / Aufsatzsammlung