Literatur zur Informationserschließung
Diese Datenbank enthält über 40.000 Dokumente zu Themen aus den Bereichen Formalerschließung – Inhaltserschließung – Information Retrieval.
© 2015 W. Gödert, TH Köln, Institut für Informationswissenschaft
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1Zeng, M.L.: Interoperability.
In: Knowledge organization. 46(2019) no.2, S.122-146.
(Reviews of concepts in knowledge organization)
Abstract: Interoperability refers to the ability of two or more systems or components to exchange information and to use the information that has been exchanged. This article presents the major viewpoints of interoperability, with the focus on semantic interoperability. It discusses the approaches to achieving interoperability as demonstrated in standards and best practices, projects, and products in the broad domain of knowledge organization.
Inhalt: DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2019-2-122.
Anmerkung: Vgl. auch: http://www.isko.org/cyclo/interoperability.
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
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2Coen, G. ; Smiraglia, R.P.: Toward better interoperability of the NARCIS classification.
In: Knowledge organization. 46(2019) no.5, S.345-353.
Abstract: Research information can be useful to science stake-holders for discovering, evaluating and planning research activities. In the Netherlands, the institute tasked with the stewardship of national research information is DANS (Data Archiving and Networked Services). DANS is the home of NARCIS, the national portal for research information, which uses a similarly named national research classification. The NARCIS Classification assigns symbols to represent the knowledge bases of contributing scholars. A recent research stream in knowledge organization known as comparative classification uses two or more classifications experimentally to generate empirical evidence about coverage of conceptual content, population of the classes, and economy of classification. This paper builds on that research in order to further understand the comparative impact of the NARCIS Classification alongside a classification designed specifically for information resources. Our six cases come from the DANS project Knowledge Organization System Observatory (KOSo), which itself is classified using the Information Coding Classification (ICC) created in 1982 by Ingetraut Dahlberg. ICC is considered to have the merits of universality, faceting, and a top-down approach. Results are exploratory, indicating that both classifications provide fairly precise coverage. The inflexibility of the NARCIS Classification makes it difficult to express complex concepts. The meta-ontological, epistemic stance of the ICC is apparent in all aspects of this study. Using the two together in the DANS KOS Observatory will provide users with both clarity of scientific positioning and ontological relativity.
Inhalt: DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2019-5-345.
Anmerkung: Beitrag eines Special Issue: Research Information Systems and Science Classifications; including papers from "Trajectories for Research: Fathoming the Promise of the NARCIS Classification," 27-28 September 2018, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
Objekt: NARCIS classification
Land/Ort: NL
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3Piscitelli, F.A.: Library linked data models : library data in the Semantic Web.
In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 57(2019) no.5, S.261-277.
Abstract: This exploratory study examined Linked Data (LD) schemas/ontologies and data models proposed or in use by libraries around the world using MAchine Readable Cataloging (MARC) as a basis for comparison of the scope and extensibility of these potential new standards. The researchers selected 14 libraries from national libraries, academic libraries, government libraries, public libraries, multi-national libraries, and cultural heritage centers currently developing Library Linked Data (LLD) schemas. The choices of models, schemas, and elements used in each library's LD can create interoperability issues for LD services because of substantial differences between schemas and data models evolving via local decisions. The researchers observed that a wide variety of vocabularies and ontologies were used for LLD including common web schemas such as Dublin Core (DC)/DCTerms, Schema.org and Resource Description Framework (RDF), as well as deprecated schemas such as MarcOnt and rdagroup1elements. A sharp divide existed as well between LLD schemas using variations of the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR) data model and those with different data models or even with no listed data model. Libraries worldwide are not using the same elements or even the same ontologies, schemas and data models to describe the same materials using the same general concepts.
Inhalt: Vgl.: https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2019.1641171.
Themenfeld: Semantic Web ; Semantische Interoperabilität
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4Zapounidou, S. ; Sfakakis, M. ; Papatheodorou, C.: Mapping derivative relationships from RDA to BIBFRAME 2.
In: Cataloging and classification quarterly. 57(2019) no.5, S.278-308.
Abstract: Semantic interoperability between Resource Description and Access (RDA) and BIBFRAME models is of great interest to the library community. In this context, this work investigates the mapping of core entities, inherent and derivative relationships from RDA to BIBFRAME, and proposes mapping rules assessed using two gold datasets. Findings indicate that RDA core entities and inherent relationships can be successfully mapped to BIBFRAME using the bf:hasExpression property, while extending bf:hasExpression as transitive simplifies BIBFRAME representations. Moreover, mapping derivative relationships between RDA Expressions was successful with loss of specificity in non-translation cases. The mapping of derivative relationships between RDA Works produced "noisy" bf:hasDerivative occurrences in BIBFRAME.
Inhalt: Vgl.: https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2019.1650152.
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität ; Formalerschließung
Objekt: RDA ; BIBFRAME
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5Bellotto, A. ; Bekesi, J.: Enriching metadata for a university repository by modelling and infrastructure : a new vocabulary server for Phaidra.
In: Mitteilungen der Vereinigung Österreichischer Bibliothekarinnen und Bibliothekare. 72(2019) H.2-4, S.446-459.
Abstract: This paper illustrates an initial step towards the 'semantic enrichment' of University of Vienna's Phaidra repository as one of the valuable and up-to-date strategies able to enhance its role and usage. Firstly, a technical report points out the choice made in a local context, i.e. the deployment of the vocabulary server iQvoc instead of the formerly used SKOSMOS, explaining design decisions behind the current tool and additional features that the implementation required. Afterwards, some modelling characteristics of the local LOD controlled vocabulary are described according to SKOS documentation and best practices, highlighting which approaches can be pursued for rendering a LOD KOS available in the Web as well as issues that can be possibly encountered.
Inhalt: Vgl. https://doi.org/10.31263/voebm.v72i2.3206.
Themenfeld: Metadaten ; Semantische Interoperabilität
Objekt: Phaidra
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6Gracy, K.F.: Enriching and enhancing moving images with Linked Data : an exploration in the alignment of metadata models.
In: Journal of documentation. 74(2018) no.2, S.354-371.
Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to examine the current state of Linked Data (LD) in archival moving image description, and propose ways in which current metadata records can be enriched and enhanced by interlinking such metadata with relevant information found in other data sets. Design/methodology/approach Several possible metadata models for moving image production and archiving are considered, including models from records management, digital curation, and the recent BIBFRAME AV Modeling Study. This research also explores how mappings between archival moving image records and relevant external data sources might be drawn, and what gaps exist between current vocabularies and what is needed to record and make accessible the full lifecycle of archiving through production, use, and reuse. Findings The author notes several major impediments to implementation of LD for archival moving images. The various pieces of information about creators, places, and events found in moving image records are not easily connected to relevant information in other sources because they are often not semantically defined within the record and can be hidden in unstructured fields. Libraries, archives, and museums must work on aligning the various vocabularies and schemas of potential value for archival moving image description to enable interlinking between vocabularies currently in use and those which are used by external data sets. Alignment of vocabularies is often complicated by mismatches in granularity between vocabularies. Research limitations/implications The focus is on how these models inform functional requirements for access and other archival activities, and how the field might benefit from having a common metadata model for critical archival descriptive activities. Practical implications By having a shared model, archivists may more easily align current vocabularies and develop new vocabularies and schemas to address the needs of moving image data creators and scholars. Originality/value Moving image archives, like other cultural institutions with significant heritage holdings, can benefit tremendously from investing in the semantic definition of information found in their information databases. While commercial entities such as search engines and data providers have already embraced the opportunities that semantic search provides for resource discovery, most non-commercial entities are just beginning to do so. Thus, this research addresses the benefits and challenges of enriching and enhancing archival moving image records with semantically defined information via LD.
Inhalt: Vgl.: https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JD-07-2017-0106.
Themenfeld: Metadaten ; Semantische Interoperabilität
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7Hubrich, J.: Semantische Interoperabilität zwischen Klassifikationen und anderen Wissenssystemen.
In: Klassifikationen in Bibliotheken: Theorie - Anwendung - Nutzen. Hrsg. H. Alex, G. Bee u. U. Junger. Berlin : DeGruyter Saur, 2018. S.235-275.
(Bibliotheks- und Informationspraxis; 53)
Abstract: Heutzutage sind Informationsräume häufig durch die Heterogenität der in ihr enthaltenen Ressourcen geprägt, deren inhaltliche Beschreibungen aus unterschiedlichen Quellen stammen und auf der Basis verschiedener, sich strukturell und typologisch unterscheidender Erschließungsinstrumente erstellt wurden. Einzelne Klassifikationen können in solchen Räumen nur bedingt Suchunterstützung bieten, da sie stets nur auf einen Teilbestand zugreifen. Dieser Artikel beschreibt ausgehend von den Charakteristiken von Indexierungssprachen, wie durch semantische Interoperabilität eine Verbesserung der Retrievalsituation erreicht werden kann.
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
Objekt: CrissCross ; HILT ; Coli-con ; Renardus ; CCMapper
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8Golub, K.: Subject access in Swedish discovery services.
In: Knowledge organization. 45(2018) no.4, S.297-309.
Abstract: While support for subject searching has been traditionally advocated for in library catalogs, often in the form of a catalog objective to find everything that a library has on a certain topic, research has shown that subject access has not been satisfactory. Many existing online catalogs and discovery services do not seem to make good use of the intellectual effort invested into assigning controlled subject index terms and classes. For example, few support hierarchical browsing of classification schemes and other controlled vocabularies with hierarchical structures, few provide end-user-friendly options to choose a more specific concept to increase precision, a broader concept or related concepts to increase recall, to disambiguate homonyms, or to find which term is best used to name a concept. Optimum subject access in library catalogs and discovery services is analyzed from the perspective of earlier research as well as contemporary conceptual models and cataloguing codes. Eighteen proposed features of what this should entail in practice are drawn. In an exploratory qualitative study, the three most common discovery services used in Swedish academic libraries are analyzed against these features. In line with previous research, subject access in contemporary interfaces is demonstrated to less than optimal. This is in spite of the fact that individual collections have been indexed with controlled vocabularies and a significant number of controlled vocabularies have been mapped to each other and are available in interoperable standards. Strategic action is proposed to build research-informed (inter)national standards and guidelines.
Themenfeld: OPAC ; Semantische Interoperabilität
Land/Ort: S
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9Victorino, M. ; Terto de Holanda, M. ; Ishikawa, E. ; Costa Oliveira, E. ; Chhetri, S.: Transforming open data to linked open data using ontologies for information organization in big data environments of the Brazilian Government : the Brazilian database Government Open Linked Data - DBgoldbr.
In: Knowledge organization. 45(2018) no.6, S.443-466.
Abstract: The Brazilian Government has made a massive volume of structured, semi-structured and non-structured public data available on the web to ensure that the administration is as transparent as possible. Subsequently, providing applications with enough capability to handle this "big data environment" so that vital and decisive information is readily accessible, has become a tremendous challenge. In this environment, data processing is done via new approaches in the area of information and computer science, involving technologies and processes for collecting, representing, storing and disseminating information. Along these lines, this paper presents a conceptual model, the technical architecture and the prototype implementation of a tool, denominated DBgoldbr, designed to classify government public information with the help of ontologies, by transforming open data into open linked data. To achieve this objective, we used "soft system methodology" to identify problems, to collect users needs and to design solutions according to the objectives of specific groups. The DBgoldbr tool was designed to facilitate the search for open data made available by many Brazilian government institutions, so that this data can be reused to support the evaluation and monitoring of social programs, in order to support the design and management of public policies.
Inhalt: DOI:10.5771/0943-7444-2018-6-443.
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
Land/Ort: BRA
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10Kempf, A.O.: ¬The need to interoperate : structural comparison of and methodological guidance on mapping discipline-specific subject authority data to wikidata.
In: Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira. Baden-Baden : Ergon Verlag, 2018. S.644-652.
(Advances in knowledge organization; vol.16)
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
Objekt: Wikipedia
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11Rasmussen Pennington, D. ; Cagnazzo, L.: Relationship status : libraries and linked data in Europe.
In: Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira. Baden-Baden : Ergon Verlag, 2018. S.662-665.
(Advances in knowledge organization; vol.16)
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
Land/Ort: EU
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12Siwecka, D.: Knowledge organization systems used in European national libraries towards interoperability of the semantic Web.
In: Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira. Baden-Baden : Ergon Verlag, 2018. S.633-643.
(Advances in knowledge organization; vol.16)
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität ; Semantic Web
Land/Ort: EU
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13Tran, Q.-T.: Knowledge organization systems and cultural interoperability in open humanitarian settings.
In: Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira. Baden-Baden : Ergon Verlag, 2018. S.624-632.
(Advances in knowledge organization; vol.16)
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
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14Balakrishnan, U. ; Voß, J. ; Soergel, D.: Towards integrated systems for KOS management, mapping, and access : Coli-conc and its collaborative computer-assisted KOS mapping tool Cocoda.
In: Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira. Baden-Baden : Ergon Verlag, 2018. S.693-701.
(Advances in knowledge organization; vol.16)
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
Objekt: Coli-conc ; Cocoda
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15Adebisi, J.A. ; Afolabi, B.S. ; Akhigbe, B.I.: ¬A value-based approach to modelling interoperability in knowledge organization systems.
In: Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira. Baden-Baden : Ergon Verlag, 2018. S.720-728.
(Advances in knowledge organization; vol.16)
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
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16Olawuyi, N.J. ; Akhigbe, B.I. ; Afolabi, B.S.: Knowledge organization system interoperability : the cogitation of user interfaces for better interactivity.(Posters).
In: Challenges and opportunities for knowledge organization in the digital age: proceedings of the Fifteenth International ISKO Conference, 9-11 July 2018, Porto, Portugal / organized by: International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO), ISKO Spain and Portugal Chapter, University of Porto - Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Research Centre in Communication, Information and Digital Culture (CIC.digital) - Porto. Eds.: F. Ribeiro u. M.E. Cerveira. Baden-Baden : Ergon Verlag, 2018. S.955-958.
(Advances in knowledge organization; vol.16)
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität ; Visualisierung
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17Sakr, S. ; Wylot, M. ; Mutharaju, R. ; Le-Phuoc, D. ; Fundulaki, I.: Linked data : storing, querying, and reasoning.
Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2018. XX, 223 S.
ISBN 978-3-319-73514-6
Abstract: This book describes efficient and effective techniques for harnessing the power of Linked Data by tackling the various aspects of managing its growing volume: storing, querying, reasoning, provenance management and benchmarking. To this end, Chapter 1 introduces the main concepts of the Semantic Web and Linked Data and provides a roadmap for the book. Next, Chapter 2 briefly presents the basic concepts underpinning Linked Data technologies that are discussed in the book. Chapter 3 then offers an overview of various techniques and systems for centrally querying RDF datasets, and Chapter 4 outlines various techniques and systems for efficiently querying large RDF datasets in distributed environments. Subsequently, Chapter 5 explores how streaming requirements are addressed in current, state-of-the-art RDF stream data processing. Chapter 6 covers performance and scaling issues of distributed RDF reasoning systems, while Chapter 7 details benchmarks for RDF query engines and instance matching systems. Chapter 8 addresses the provenance management for Linked Data and presents the different provenance models developed. Lastly, Chapter 9 offers a brief summary, highlighting and providing insights into some of the open challenges and research directions. Providing an updated overview of methods, technologies and systems related to Linked Data this book is mainly intended for students and researchers who are interested in the Linked Data domain. It enables students to gain an understanding of the foundations and underpinning technologies and standards for Linked Data, while researchers benefit from the in-depth coverage of the emerging and ongoing advances in Linked Data storing, querying, reasoning, and provenance management systems. Further, it serves as a starting point to tackle the next research challenges in the domain of Linked Data management.
Anmerkung: Rez. in: JASIST 70(2019) no.8, S.905-907 (Dean Allemang).
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität ; Semantic Web
LCSH: Linked data ; Semantic Web ; RDF (Document markup language) ; Computer science ; Computers ; Information storage and retrieval ; Artificial intelligence
RSWK: Linked Data
BK: 54.72 (Künstliche Intelligenz)
DDC: 025.0427
LCC: Z666.73.L56 ; QA75.5-76.95
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18Panzer, M.: Increasing patient findability of medical research : annotating clinical trials using standard vocabularies.
In: Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 43(2017) no.2, S.40-43.
Abstract: Multiple groups at Mayo Clinic organize knowledge with the aid of metadata for a variety of purposes. The ontology group focuses on consumer-oriented health information using several controlled vocabularies to support and coordinate care providers, consumers, clinical knowledge and, as part of its research management, information on clinical trials. Poor findability, inconsistent indexing and specialized language undermined the goal of increasing trial participation. The ontology group designed a metadata framework addressing disorders and procedures, investigational drugs and clinical departments, adopted and translated the clinical terminology of SNOMED CT and RxNorm vocabularies to consumer language and coordinated terminology with Mayo's Consumer Health Vocabulary. The result enables retrieval of clinical trial information from multiple access points including conditions, procedures, drug names, organizations involved and trial phase. The jump in inquiries since the search site was revised and vocabularies were modified show evidence of success.
Inhalt: DOI: 10.1002/bul2.2017.1720430213.
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität
Wissenschaftsfach: Medizin
Objekt: SNOMED
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19Leiva-Mederos, A. ; Senso, J.A. ; Hidalgo-Delgado, Y. ; Hipola, P.: Working framework of semantic interoperability for CRIS with heterogeneous data sources.
In: Journal of documentation. 73(2017) no.3, S.481-499.
Abstract: Purpose Information from Current Research Information Systems (CRIS) is stored in different formats, in platforms that are not compatible, or even in independent networks. It would be helpful to have a well-defined methodology to allow for management data processing from a single site, so as to take advantage of the capacity to link disperse data found in different systems, platforms, sources and/or formats. Based on functionalities and materials of the VLIR project, the purpose of this paper is to present a model that provides for interoperability by means of semantic alignment techniques and metadata crosswalks, and facilitates the fusion of information stored in diverse sources. Design/methodology/approach After reviewing the state of the art regarding the diverse mechanisms for achieving semantic interoperability, the paper analyzes the following: the specific coverage of the data sets (type of data, thematic coverage and geographic coverage); the technical specifications needed to retrieve and analyze a distribution of the data set (format, protocol, etc.); the conditions of re-utilization (copyright and licenses); and the "dimensions" included in the data set as well as the semantics of these dimensions (the syntax and the taxonomies of reference). The semantic interoperability framework here presented implements semantic alignment and metadata crosswalk to convert information from three different systems (ABCD, Moodle and DSpace) to integrate all the databases in a single RDF file. Findings The paper also includes an evaluation based on the comparison - by means of calculations of recall and precision - of the proposed model and identical consultations made on Open Archives Initiative and SQL, in order to estimate its efficiency. The results have been satisfactory enough, due to the fact that the semantic interoperability facilitates the exact retrieval of information. Originality/value The proposed model enhances management of the syntactic and semantic interoperability of the CRIS system designed. In a real setting of use it achieves very positive results.
Inhalt: Vgl.: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/full/10.1108/JD-07-2016-0091.
Themenfeld: Semantische Interoperabilität ; Retrievalstudien
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20Suominen, O. ; Hyvönen, N.: From MARC silos to Linked Data silos?.
In: o-bib: Das offene Bibliotheksjournal. 4(2017) Nr.2, S.1-13.
Abstract: Seit einiger Zeit stellen Bibliotheken ihre bibliografischen Metadadaten verstärkt offen in Form von Linked Data zur Verfügung. Dabei kommen jedoch ganz unterschiedliche Modelle für die Strukturierung der bibliografischen Daten zur Anwendung. Manche Bibliotheken verwenden ein auf FRBR basierendes Modell mit mehreren Schichten von Entitäten, während andere flache, am Datensatz orientierte Modelle nutzen. Der Wildwuchs bei den Datenmodellen erschwert die Nachnutzung der bibliografischen Daten. Im Ergebnis haben die Bibliotheken die früheren MARC-Silos nur mit zueinander inkompatiblen Linked-Data-Silos vertauscht. Deshalb ist es häufig schwierig, Datensets miteinander zu kombinieren und nachzunutzen. Kleinere Unterschiede in der Datenmodellierung lassen sich zwar durch Schema Mappings in den Griff bekommen, doch erscheint es fraglich, ob die Interoperabilität insgesamt zugenommen hat. Der Beitrag stellt die Ergebnisse einer Studie zu verschiedenen veröffentlichten Sets von bibliografischen Daten vor. Dabei werden auch die unterschiedlichen Modelle betrachtet, um bibliografische Daten als RDF darzustellen, sowie Werkzeuge zur Erzeugung von entsprechenden Daten aus dem MARC-Format. Abschließend wird der von der Finnischen Nationalbibliothek verfolgte Ansatz behandelt.
Inhalt: https://www.o-bib.de/article/view/2017H2S1-13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5282/o-bib/2017H2S1-13.
Themenfeld: Datenformate ; Metadaten ; Semantische Interoperabilität
Objekt: MARC ; RDA