Document (#12280)

Author

Ohsuga, S.

Title

¬A way of designing knowledge based systems

Source

Knowledge-based systems. 8(1995) no.4, S.211-222

Year

1995

Abstract

Discusses the design of intelligent knowledge based systems. Discusses the kinds of systems that are capable of handling diverse problems arising in the real world, and solving them autonomously. A new approach is necessary for designing such systems. Analyzes huhman activities and describes a way of representing each activity as a compound of basic intelligent functions. Some functions are represented as the compounds of other functions. Thus, a hierarchy of the functions is constructed to form the software architecture of an intelligent system, where the human interface appears on top of this structure. Intelligent systems need to be provided with considerable knowledge. However, it is very wasteful to let every person collect and structure large amounts of knowledge. It is desirable that there should be large knowledge bases which can supply each intelligent knowledge system as necessary. Discusses a network system consisting of many intelligent systems and one or more large commonly accessible knowledge bases

Similar documents (content)

1. Ohsuga, S.: Toward truly intelligent information systems : from expert systems in automatic programming (1998) 0.25

   0.25398466 = sum of:
     0.25398466 = product of:
       0.7937021 = sum of:
         0.12794277 = weight(abstract_txt:solving in 5106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12794277 = score(doc=5106,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.11192425 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0069565 = boost
               6.543596 = idf(docFreq=172, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             1.1431192 = fieldWeight in 5106, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               6.543596 = idf(docFreq=172, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5106)
         0.04780659 = weight(abstract_txt:structure in 5106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04780659 = score(doc=5106,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09928773 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3412551 = boost
               4.3579993 = idf(docFreq=1538, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.48149544 = fieldWeight in 5106, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.3579993 = idf(docFreq=1538, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5106)
         0.03322764 = weight(abstract_txt:system in 5106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03322764 = score(doc=5106,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08917993 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5568357 = boost
               3.3723085 = idf(docFreq=4123, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.372591 = fieldWeight in 5106, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.3723085 = idf(docFreq=4123, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5106)
         0.05331478 = weight(abstract_txt:discusses in 5106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05331478 = score(doc=5106,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.12222665 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8226033 = boost
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.43619603 = fieldWeight in 5106, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5106)
         0.09870294 = weight(abstract_txt:designing in 5106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09870294 = score(doc=5106,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20283075 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9170369 = boost
               6.228827 = idf(docFreq=236, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.4866271 = fieldWeight in 5106, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.228827 = idf(docFreq=236, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5106)
         0.06882214 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 5106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06882214 = score(doc=5106,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18257007 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1502063 = boost
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.37696287 = fieldWeight in 5106, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5106)
         0.06410435 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 5106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06410435 = score(doc=5106,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23095539 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.827028 = boost
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.2775616 = fieldWeight in 5106, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5106)
         0.2997809 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 5106) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2997809 = score(doc=5106,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6135126 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7747865 = boost
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.4886304 = fieldWeight in 5106, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5106)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

2. Garner, B.J.; Forrester, C.L.; Lukose, D.; O'Kane, M.J.; Kenne, P.E.: ¬A knowledge interface for library users (1992) 0.23

   0.2297269 = sum of:
     0.2297269 = product of:
       1.1486344 = sum of:
         0.032893684 = weight(abstract_txt:system in 5254) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.032893684 = score(doc=5254,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08917993 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5568357 = boost
               3.3723085 = idf(docFreq=4123, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.36884624 = fieldWeight in 5254, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3723085 = idf(docFreq=4123, maxDocs=44218)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=5254)
         0.05277894 = weight(abstract_txt:discusses in 5254) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05277894 = score(doc=5254,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12222665 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8226033 = boost
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.43181205 = fieldWeight in 5254, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=5254)
         0.06813044 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 5254) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06813044 = score(doc=5254,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18257007 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1502063 = boost
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.3731742 = fieldWeight in 5254, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=5254)
         0.1554448 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 5254) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1554448 = score(doc=5254,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.23095539 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.827028 = boost
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.6730512 = fieldWeight in 5254, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=5254)
         0.8393865 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 5254) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.8393865 = score(doc=5254,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.6135126 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7747865 = boost
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             1.3681651 = fieldWeight in 5254, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=5254)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

3. Aptagiri, D.V.; Gopinath, M.A.; Prasad, A.R.D.: ¬A frame based knowledge representation paradigm for automating POPSI (1995) 0.21

   0.21408585 = sum of:
     0.21408585 = product of:
       0.8920244 = sum of:
         0.09154838 = weight(abstract_txt:solving in 2887) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09154838 = score(doc=2887,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11192425 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0069565 = boost
               6.543596 = idf(docFreq=172, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.8179495 = fieldWeight in 2887, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.543596 = idf(docFreq=172, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=2887)
         0.03759278 = weight(abstract_txt:system in 2887) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03759278 = score(doc=2887,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08917993 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5568357 = boost
               3.3723085 = idf(docFreq=4123, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.42153856 = fieldWeight in 2887, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3723085 = idf(docFreq=4123, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=2887)
         0.060318787 = weight(abstract_txt:discusses in 2887) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.060318787 = score(doc=2887,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12222665 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8226033 = boost
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.4934995 = fieldWeight in 2887, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=2887)
         0.07786336 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 2887) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07786336 = score(doc=2887,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18257007 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1502063 = boost
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.4264848 = fieldWeight in 2887, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=2887)
         0.1450516 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 2887) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1450516 = score(doc=2887,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.23095539 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.827028 = boost
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.62805027 = fieldWeight in 2887, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5527887 = idf(docFreq=3442, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=2887)
         0.47964945 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 2887) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.47964945 = score(doc=2887,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6135126 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7747865 = boost
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.7818087 = fieldWeight in 2887, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=2887)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Nardi, B.A.; O'Day, V.: Intelligent agents : what we learned at the library (1996) 0.18

   0.18438716 = sum of:
     0.18438716 = product of:
       0.9219358 = sum of:
         0.0767727 = weight(abstract_txt:necessary in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0767727 = score(doc=3536,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15191387 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6590607 = boost
               5.390612 = idf(docFreq=547, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.5053699 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.390612 = idf(docFreq=547, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.04523909 = weight(abstract_txt:discusses in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04523909 = score(doc=3536,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12222665 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8226033 = boost
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.3701246 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.118443534 = weight(abstract_txt:designing in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.118443534 = score(doc=3536,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20283075 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9170369 = boost
               6.228827 = idf(docFreq=236, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.58395255 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.228827 = idf(docFreq=236, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.058397517 = weight(abstract_txt:systems in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.058397517 = score(doc=3536,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18257007 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.1502063 = boost
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.3198636 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4118783 = idf(docFreq=3963, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
         0.62308294 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 3536) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.62308294 = score(doc=3536,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.6135126 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7747865 = boost
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             1.0155993 = fieldWeight in 3536, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3536)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)
   

5. Denning, R.; Smith, P.J.: Interface design concepts in the development of ELSA, an intelligent electronic library search assistant (1994) 0.16

   0.16039099 = sum of:
     0.16039099 = product of:
       1.0024437 = sum of:
         0.060318787 = weight(abstract_txt:discusses in 8559) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.060318787 = score(doc=8559,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12222665 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8226033 = boost
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.4934995 = fieldWeight in 8559, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.947996 = idf(docFreq=2318, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=8559)
         0.1579247 = weight(abstract_txt:designing in 8559) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1579247 = score(doc=8559,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20283075 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9170369 = boost
               6.228827 = idf(docFreq=236, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.7786034 = fieldWeight in 8559, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.228827 = idf(docFreq=236, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=8559)
         0.3045508 = weight(abstract_txt:functions in 8559) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3045508 = score(doc=8559,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.31424877 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.374546 = boost
               5.4822793 = idf(docFreq=499, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.9691392 = fieldWeight in 8559, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.4822793 = idf(docFreq=499, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=8559)
         0.47964945 = weight(abstract_txt:intelligent in 8559) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.47964945 = score(doc=8559,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6135126 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.7747865 = boost
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.016986232 = queryNorm
             0.7818087 = fieldWeight in 8559, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.2544694 = idf(docFreq=230, maxDocs=44218)
               0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=8559)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)