Document (#25733)

Author

Pinker, S.

Title

Wörter und Regeln : Die Natur der Sprache

Issue

Aus dem Engl. übers. von Martina Wiese.

Imprint

Heidelberg : Spektrum Akademischer Verlag

Year

2000

Pages

389 S

Isbn

3-8274-0297-2

Abstract

Wie lernen Kinder sprechen? Welche Hinweise geben gerade ihre Fehler beim Spracherwerb auf den Ablauf des Lernprozesses - getreu dem Motto: "Kinder sagen die töllsten Sachen«? Und wie helfen beziehungsweise warum scheitern bislang Computer bei der Simulation neuronaler Netzwerke, die am komplizierten Gewebe der menschlichen Sprache mitwirken? In seinem neuen Buch Wörter und Regeln hat der bekannte US-amerikanische Kognitionswissenschaftler Steven Pinker (Der Sprachinstinkt) wieder einmal eine ebenso informative wie kurzweifige Erkundungstour ins Reich der Sprache unternommen. Was die Sache besonders spannend und lesenswert macht: Souverän beleuchtet der Professor am Massachusetts Institute of Technology sowohl natur- als auch geisteswissenschaftliche Aspekte. So vermittelt er einerseits linguistische Grundlagen in den Fußspuren Ferdinand de Saussures, etwa die einer generativen Grammatik, liefert einen Exkurs durch die Sprachgeschichte und widmet ein eigenes Kapitel den Schrecken der deutschen Sprache". Andererseits lässt er aber auch die neuesten bildgebenden Verfahren nicht außen vor, die zeigen, was im Gehirn bei der Sprachverarbeitung abläuft. Pinkers Theorie, die sich in diesem Puzzle verschiedenster Aspekte wiederfindet: Sprache besteht im Kein aus zwei Bestandteilen - einem mentalen Lexikon aus erinnerten Wörtern und einer mentalen Grammatik aus verschiedenen kombinatorischen Regeln. Konkret heißt das: Wir prägen uns bekannte Größen und ihre abgestuften, sich kreuzenden Merkmale ein, aber wir erzeugen auch neue geistige Produkte, in dem wir Regeln anwenden. Gerade daraus, so schließt Pinker, erschließt sich der Reichtum und die ungeheure Ausdruckskraft unserer Sprache

Content

Originaltitel: Words and rules (1999)

Footnote

Rez. in: Franfurter Rundschau Nr.43 vom 20.2.2001, S.23 (A. Barthelmy)

Theme

Computerlinguistik

Field

Sprachwissenschaft

RSWK

Englisch / Verb / Sprachproduktion (213) (312)
Kognition / Sprachproduktion / Spracherwerb (213) (312)

Similar documents (content)

1. Rolland, M.T.: Grammatikstandardisierung im Bereich der Sprachverarbeitung (1996) 0.16

   0.15947798 = sum of:
     0.15947798 = product of:
       0.9967374 = sum of:
         0.054615647 = weight(abstract_txt:ihre in 5422) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.054615647 = score(doc=5422,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08512644 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0424746 = boost
               4.8391194 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.64158267 = fieldWeight in 5422, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.8391194 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5422)
         0.027093774 = weight(abstract_txt:auch in 5422) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027093774 = score(doc=5422,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07693781 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2138047 = boost
               3.7562838 = idf(docFreq=2766, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.3521516 = fieldWeight in 5422, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.7562838 = idf(docFreq=2766, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5422)
         0.47223172 = weight(abstract_txt:grammatik in 5422) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.47223172 = score(doc=5422,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.28462946 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9062208 = boost
               8.848589 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             1.6591104 = fieldWeight in 5422, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               8.848589 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5422)
         0.4427963 = weight(abstract_txt:sprache in 5422) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.4427963 = score(doc=5422,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.39326578 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8809404 = boost
               6.0050488 = idf(docFreq=291, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             1.1259466 = fieldWeight in 5422, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.0050488 = idf(docFreq=291, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5422)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)
   

2. Springer, M.; Friederici, A.: Wie das Gehirn zur Sprache kommt (2010) 0.15

   0.14604388 = sum of:
     0.14604388 = product of:
       0.6085162 = sum of:
         0.07953941 = weight(abstract_txt:bildgebenden in 601) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07953941 = score(doc=601,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15666193 = queryWeight, product of:
               9.283908 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.50771374 = fieldWeight in 601, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.283908 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=601)
         0.031859126 = weight(abstract_txt:ihre in 601) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.031859126 = score(doc=601,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08512644 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0424746 = boost
               4.8391194 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.37425655 = fieldWeight in 601, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.8391194 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=601)
         0.019229643 = weight(abstract_txt:sich in 601) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019229643 = score(doc=601,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06959635 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1544421 = boost
               3.5725777 = idf(docFreq=3324, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.27630246 = fieldWeight in 601, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5725777 = idf(docFreq=3324, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=601)
         0.07167934 = weight(abstract_txt:natur in 601) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07167934 = score(doc=601,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18415402 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5332885 = boost
               7.1174545 = idf(docFreq=95, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.3892358 = fieldWeight in 601, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.1174545 = idf(docFreq=95, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=601)
         0.0898597 = weight(abstract_txt:wörter in 601) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0898597 = score(doc=601,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21410584 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6532843 = boost
               7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.41969755 = fieldWeight in 601, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=601)
         0.31634897 = weight(abstract_txt:sprache in 601) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.31634897 = score(doc=601,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.39326578 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8809404 = boost
               6.0050488 = idf(docFreq=291, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.80441517 = fieldWeight in 601, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               6.0050488 = idf(docFreq=291, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=601)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

3. Devlin, K.: ¬Das Mathe-Gen : oder wie sich das mathematische Denken entwickelt und warum Sie Zahlen ruhig vergessen können (2001) 0.14

   0.14068177 = sum of:
     0.14068177 = product of:
       0.5861741 = sum of:
         0.08201434 = weight(abstract_txt:steven in 17) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08201434 = score(doc=17,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15989508 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0102662 = boost
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.512926 = fieldWeight in 17, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=17)
         0.031859126 = weight(abstract_txt:ihre in 17) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.031859126 = score(doc=17,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.08512644 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0424746 = boost
               4.8391194 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.37425655 = fieldWeight in 17, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.8391194 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=17)
         0.02719482 = weight(abstract_txt:sich in 17) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02719482 = score(doc=17,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.06959635 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1544421 = boost
               3.5725777 = idf(docFreq=3324, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.39075068 = fieldWeight in 17, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.5725777 = idf(docFreq=3324, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=17)
         0.07167934 = weight(abstract_txt:natur in 17) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07167934 = score(doc=17,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18415402 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5332885 = boost
               7.1174545 = idf(docFreq=95, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.3892358 = fieldWeight in 17, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.1174545 = idf(docFreq=95, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=17)
         0.08464069 = weight(abstract_txt:kinder in 17) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08464069 = score(doc=17,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20573334 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6206365 = boost
               7.5229197 = idf(docFreq=63, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.41140968 = fieldWeight in 17, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.5229197 = idf(docFreq=63, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=17)
         0.28878576 = weight(abstract_txt:sprache in 17) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.28878576 = score(doc=17,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.39326578 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8809404 = boost
               6.0050488 = idf(docFreq=291, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.7343272 = fieldWeight in 17, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               6.0050488 = idf(docFreq=291, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=17)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Hümmer, C.: TELOTA - Aspekte eines Wissensportals für geisteswissenschaftliche Forschung (2010) 0.12

   0.11867803 = sum of:
     0.11867803 = product of:
       0.7417377 = sum of:
         0.025746062 = weight(abstract_txt:ihre in 743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025746062 = score(doc=743,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.08512644 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0424746 = boost
               4.8391194 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.30244496 = fieldWeight in 743, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.8391194 = idf(docFreq=936, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=743)
         0.6593677 = weight(title_txt:geisteswissenschaftliche in 743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.6593677 = score(doc=743,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17778626 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0652888 = boost
               9.890043 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             3.7087662 = fieldWeight in 743, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.890043 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=43556)
               0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=743)
         0.031079797 = weight(abstract_txt:sich in 743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.031079797 = score(doc=743,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.06959635 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1544421 = boost
               3.5725777 = idf(docFreq=3324, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.4465722 = fieldWeight in 743, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.5725777 = idf(docFreq=3324, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=743)
         0.025544252 = weight(abstract_txt:auch in 743) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025544252 = score(doc=743,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07693781 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2138047 = boost
               3.7562838 = idf(docFreq=2766, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.3320117 = fieldWeight in 743, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.7562838 = idf(docFreq=2766, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=743)
       0.16 = coord(4/25)
   

5. Malsburg, C. von der: Künstliche Intelligenz (2013) 0.12

   0.11594186 = sum of:
     0.11594186 = product of:
       0.5797093 = sum of:
         0.03330672 = weight(abstract_txt:sich in 1252) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03330672 = score(doc=1252,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.06959635 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1544421 = boost
               3.5725777 = idf(docFreq=3324, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.47856992 = fieldWeight in 1252, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.5725777 = idf(docFreq=3324, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1252)
         0.0316094 = weight(abstract_txt:auch in 1252) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0316094 = score(doc=1252,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.07693781 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2138047 = boost
               3.7562838 = idf(docFreq=2766, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.41084355 = fieldWeight in 1252, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.7562838 = idf(docFreq=2766, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1252)
         0.13773425 = weight(abstract_txt:grammatik in 1252) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13773425 = score(doc=1252,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.28462946 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9062208 = boost
               8.848589 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.48390722 = fieldWeight in 1252, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.848589 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1252)
         0.118761115 = weight(abstract_txt:regeln in 1252) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.118761115 = score(doc=1252,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.32487133 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.8800762 = boost
               6.6845903 = idf(docFreq=147, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.36556354 = fieldWeight in 1252, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.6845903 = idf(docFreq=147, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1252)
         0.25829783 = weight(abstract_txt:sprache in 1252) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25829783 = score(doc=1252,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.39326578 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.8809404 = boost
               6.0050488 = idf(docFreq=291, maxDocs=43556)
               0.016874567 = queryNorm
             0.6568022 = fieldWeight in 1252, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               6.0050488 = idf(docFreq=291, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1252)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)