Document (#27962)

Author
Boos, M.
Title
Information in der Psychologie
Source
Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. 5., völlig neu gefaßte Ausgabe. 2 Bde. Hrsg. von R. Kuhlen, Th. Seeger u. D. Strauch. Begründet von Klaus Laisiepen, Ernst Lutterbeck, Karl-Heinrich Meyer-Uhlenried. Bd.1: Handbuch zur Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis
Imprint
München : Saur
Year
2004
Pages
S.699-704
Abstract
Mit der sogenannten kognitiven Wende in der Psychologie in den 1970er Jahren wurde das behavioristische Modell der Psychologie durch das kognitive Modell abgelöst. Während der Behaviorismus davon ausging, dass Verhalten vollständig durch Umweltbedingungen bestimmt ist, und als methodisches Prinzip formulierte, dass nur das unmittelbar beobachtbare Verhalten Gegenstand der Psychologie sein dürfe, sind nach dem kognitiven Modell Kognitionen der Hauptgegenstand der Psychologie (Lit. 01). Unter Kognitionen werden alle Prozesse des Wahrnehmens, Urteilens, Erinnerns, Problemlösens und Entscheidens und die Strukturen des Gedächtnisses, z. B. Begriffe und Einstellungen, verstanden. Im kognitiven Modell wird menschliches Handeln nicht als direkte Reaktion auf den Input von Informationen aus der Umwelt angesehen. Zwischengeschaltet ist der aktive Prozess der Kognition bzw. Informationsverarbeitung, bei dem die Person die Umwelt aktiv nach jenen Informationen absucht, die sie beispielweise für eine Entscheidung braucht.
Theme
Information
Field
Psychologie

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