Document (#28516)

Author
Passek, O.
Title
Open Access : Freie Erkenntnis für freie Wirtschaft
Source
¬Die Google-Gesellschaft: Vom digitalen Wandel des Wissens. Hrsg.: K. Lehmann, M. Schetsche
Imprint
Transcript-Verlag : Bielefeld
Year
2005
Pages
S.337-344
Abstract
Die Digitalisierung der Medien verändert auch das wissenschaftliche Publizieren. Bislang galt: Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse werden in Form von Publikationen auf Papier mitgeteilt. Diese Veröffentlichungen - zumeist Aufsätze in entsprechenden Fachzeitschriften - stellen quasi die öffentliche Verkündung der wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse dar. Diese klassische Wissensordnung hat ihren Ursprung in der Gelehrtenrepublik des 19. Jahrhunderts und hat sich in der Forschungsgemeinschaft des 20. Jahrhunderts fortgeschrieben. Konstitutiv für diese akade mische Wissenschaftsverfassung Humboldt'scher Prägung ist in etwa das, was der amerikanische Soziologe Robert Merton mit »Wissenskommunismus« der Wissenschaften meinte: Die Belohnung für Erkenntnisse erfolge nicht in Geld, sondern in der Reputation (vgl. Grassmuck 2002). Nur wer es möglichst oft in die angesehenen Journale schafft, verfügt über entsprechendes Renommee und kann weiter veröffentlichen. Wissenschaftler sagen auch: »Publish or perish« - veröffentliche oder verende. Entsprechend sind Autoren darauf angewiesen, von den internationalen Wissenschaftsverlagen akzeptiert und veröffentlicht zu werden. »Global Player« wie Reed Elsevier, Wiley oder Springer publizieren jährlich Zehntausende von Fachzeitschriften und organisieren so über ihre Vertriebsstrukturen und zu ihren Bedingungen die Verbreitung von Wissen. Diese Macht der Verlage gründet sich vor allem auf ihr Publikationsmonopol in den jeweiligen Spezialdisziplinen.
Theme
Internet
Elektronisches Publizieren
Field
Kommunikationswissenschaften

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