Document (#30037)

Author

Spitzer, M.

Title

Lernen : Gehirnforschung und die Schule des Lebens

Imprint

Heidelberg : Spektrum Akademischer Verlag

Year

2002

Pages

XVI, 511 S

Isbn

3-8274-1396-6

Abstract

Wenn es etwas gibt, was Menschen vor allen anderen Lebewesen auszeichnet, dann ist es die Tatsache, dass wir lernen können und dies auch zeitlebens tun. Wir lernen Trinken, Laufen, Sprechen, Essen, Singen, Lesen, Radfahren, Schreiben, Rechnen, Englisch und uns zu benehmen - mit mehr oder weniger Erfolg. Später lernen wir einen Beruf, jemanden kennen, Kinder zu erziehen und Vorgesetzter zu sein. Wieder mit unterschiedlichem Erfolg. Noch später lernen wir, vor allem für andere da zu sein, uns nicht mehr so wichtig zu nehmen, mit der Rente auszukommen und mit Anstand abzutreten (zu den Erfolgsaussichten wage ich keine Vermutung). Wir lernen, indem wir einfach so herumprobieren (wie beim Trinken an der Mutterbrust oder beim Laufen), indem wir zusehen, zuhören und die anderen nachmachen (wie beim Singen, Essen oder Sprechen) oder auch, indem wir Vokabeln pauken. Für viele Menschen ist Lernen identisch mit Pauken und vor allem damit, dass es keinen Spaß macht. Aber auch dies ist gelernt! Lernen findet nicht nur in der Schule statt. Im Gegenteil: Non scholae sed vitae discimus bezieht sich nicht nur darauf, wofür wir lernen (nämlich für das Leben und nicht für die nächste Klassenarbeit), son dern auch darauf, wo gelernt wird: im Leben und durch das Leben (und manchmal sogar selbst dann, wenn sich dieses in der Schule abspielt!). Lernen findet im Kopf statt. Was der Magen für die Verdauung, die Beine für die Bewegung oder die Augen für das Sehen sind, ist das Gehirn für das Lernen. Daher sind die Ergebnisse der Erforschung des Gehirns für das Lernen etwa so wichtig, wie die Astrophysik für die Raumfahrt oder die Muskel- und Gelenkphysiologie für den Sport. Die Wissenschaft von den Nervenzellen und dem Gehirn, die Neurobiologie, hat in den letzten Jahren einen beispiellosen Aufschwung durchgemacht und zu noch vor wenigen Jahren ungeahnten Ergebnissen geführt. In diesem Buch geht es darum, mit Hilfe der Gehirnforschung das Lernen besser zu verstehen. Das daraus folgende vertiefte Verständnis des Lernens bleibt nicht im Elfenbeinturm der Wissenschaft, sondern geht uns alle an, denn wir alle lernen dauernd, ob wir wollen oder nicht.

Content

Spitzer, Psychologe, Philosoph, Mediziner und Professor für Psychiatrie (vgl. auch ID 47/02, 15/00 und 43/96), geht der Frage nach, wie Lernern im Gehirn ermöglicht wird, wie Aufmerksamkeit, Motivation und Emotionen das Lernen beeinflussen, wie Lernen in unterschiedlichen Lebensabschnitten stattfindet u.a.m. Mit vielen anchaulichen Erläuterungen, Beispielen, Geschichten und Anekdoten, unterstützt durch zahlreiche Abbildungen, vermittelte er neuere Erkenntnisse der Gehirnforschung und zieht praktische Schlüsse aus diesen Forschungsergebnissen, für jedermanns Alltag, für das Lernen in der Schule und für eine menschengerechtere Gesellschaft. Ein Sachbuch im besten Sinne, das eine komplexe Materie gut verständlich und anregend aufbereitet. - Für Lehrer, Eltern und ein breites Publikum. (2 S)

Footnote

Rez. in: Spektrum der Wissenschaft 2003, H.2., S.88 (K. Lehmann)

Field

Kognitionswissenschaft

LCSH

Learning ; Cognition

RSWK

Lernen / Hirnfunktion
Lernen / Hirnforschung (SWB)
Gehirn / Lernen / Gehirnforschung (ÖVK)
Gehirnforschung / Lernen (ÖVK)
Lernpsychologie (BVB)

BK

81.51 Lernprozeß
77.34 Lernpsychologie
77.50 Psychophysiologie

ASB

Nbm 2

RVK

CP 5000 Psychologie / Allgemeine Psychologie / Lernen und Gedächtnis

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5. Puhl, A.: Lernarrangements und Lernorte : die Bibliothek der Zukunft (2001) 0.20

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