Document (#30808)

Author
Reif, G.
Title
Semantische Annotation
Source
Semantic Web: Wege zur vernetzten Wissensgesellschaft. Hrsg.: T. Pellegrini, u. A. Blumauer
Imprint
Berlin : Springer
Year
2006
Pages
S.405-418
Series
X.media.press
Abstract
In diesem Kapitel wird zuerst der Begriff Semantische Annotation eingeführt und es werden Techniken besprochen um die Annotationen mit dem ursprünglichen Dokument zu verknüpfen. Weiters wird auf Probleme eingegangen, die sich beim Erstellen der Annotationen ergeben. Im Anschluss daran werden Software Tools vorgestellt, die einen Benutzer beim Annotierungsprozess unterstützen. Zum Abschluss werden Methoden diskutiert, die den Annotierungsvorgang in den Entwicklungsprozess einer Web Applikation integrieren.
Theme
Wissensrepräsentation

Similar documents (content)

  1. Blumauer, A.; Hochmeister, M.: Tag-Recommender gestützte Annotation von Web-Dokumenten (2009) 0.26
    0.26078147 = sum of:
      0.26078147 = product of:
        0.93136233 = sum of:
          0.091443956 = weight(abstract_txt:kapitel in 4866) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.091443956 = score(doc=4866,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14617132 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1046387 = boost
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.6255944 = fieldWeight in 4866, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4866)
          0.098356105 = weight(abstract_txt:techniken in 4866) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.098356105 = score(doc=4866,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15344746 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1317983 = boost
                6.8370748 = idf(docFreq=128, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.6409758 = fieldWeight in 4866, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.8370748 = idf(docFreq=128, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4866)
          0.098692335 = weight(abstract_txt:eingegangen in 4866) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.098692335 = score(doc=4866,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15379697 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1330864 = boost
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.64170533 = fieldWeight in 4866, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4866)
          0.073931046 = weight(abstract_txt:wird in 4866) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.073931046 = score(doc=4866,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.09346809 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2492111 = boost
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.7909763 = fieldWeight in 4866, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4866)
          0.24057439 = weight(abstract_txt:weiters in 4866) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.24057439 = score(doc=4866,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.27856407 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5249363 = boost
                9.211981 = idf(docFreq=11, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.8636232 = fieldWeight in 4866, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                9.211981 = idf(docFreq=11, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4866)
          0.1150676 = weight(abstract_txt:beim in 4866) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1150676 = score(doc=4866,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.2146533 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.8930973 = boost
                5.7180014 = idf(docFreq=394, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.5360626 = fieldWeight in 4866, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.7180014 = idf(docFreq=394, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4866)
          0.21329696 = weight(abstract_txt:annotation in 4866) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.21329696 = score(doc=4866,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.3239107 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3255024 = boost
                7.0240583 = idf(docFreq=106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.65850544 = fieldWeight in 4866, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.0240583 = idf(docFreq=106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=4866)
        0.28 = coord(7/25)
    
  2. Stollberg, M.: Ontologiebasierte Wissensmodellierung : Verwendung als semantischer Grundbaustein des Semantic Web (2002) 0.25
    0.24788944 = sum of:
      0.24788944 = product of:
        0.6197236 = sum of:
          0.076203294 = weight(abstract_txt:kapitel in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.076203294 = score(doc=4495,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.14617132 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1046387 = boost
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.5213286 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.038677473 = weight(abstract_txt:ergeben in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.038677473 = score(doc=4495,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14764035 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1101756 = boost
                6.7064548 = idf(docFreq=146, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.26197088 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7064548 = idf(docFreq=146, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.08113941 = weight(abstract_txt:daran in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08113941 = score(doc=4495,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.15241729 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1279926 = boost
                6.8140855 = idf(docFreq=131, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.5323504 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                6.8140855 = idf(docFreq=131, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.040981714 = weight(abstract_txt:techniken in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.040981714 = score(doc=4495,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15344746 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1317983 = boost
                6.8370748 = idf(docFreq=128, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.26707324 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.8370748 = idf(docFreq=128, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.041121807 = weight(abstract_txt:eingegangen in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.041121807 = score(doc=4495,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15379697 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1330864 = boost
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.26737723 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.053607725 = weight(abstract_txt:anschluss in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.053607725 = score(doc=4495,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.18353458 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2377932 = boost
                7.4773793 = idf(docFreq=67, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.29208514 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.4773793 = idf(docFreq=67, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.04132871 = weight(abstract_txt:wird in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04132871 = score(doc=4495,freq=9.0), product of:
              0.09346809 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2492111 = boost
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.44216916 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                  9.0 = termFreq=9.0
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.067791514 = weight(abstract_txt:abschluss in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.067791514 = score(doc=4495,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.21462645 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3385382 = boost
                8.085969 = idf(docFreq=36, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.31585816 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.085969 = idf(docFreq=36, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.11050351 = weight(abstract_txt:besprochen in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11050351 = score(doc=4495,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.23594297 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4034362 = boost
                8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.46834838 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                8.478011 = idf(docFreq=24, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
          0.06836841 = weight(abstract_txt:werden in 4495) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06836841 = score(doc=4495,freq=17.0), product of:
              0.121067464 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7412595 = boost
                3.5062556 = idf(docFreq=3606, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.56471336 = fieldWeight in 4495, product of:
                4.1231055 = tf(freq=17.0), with freq of:
                  17.0 = termFreq=17.0
                3.5062556 = idf(docFreq=3606, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4495)
        0.4 = coord(10/25)
    
  3. Polleres, A.; Lausen, H.; Lara, R.: Semantische Beschreibung von Web Services (2006) 0.13
    0.13464569 = sum of:
      0.13464569 = product of:
        0.6732284 = sum of:
          0.091443956 = weight(abstract_txt:kapitel in 5813) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.091443956 = score(doc=5813,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14617132 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1046387 = boost
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.6255944 = fieldWeight in 5813, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5813)
          0.033062965 = weight(abstract_txt:wird in 5813) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.033062965 = score(doc=5813,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.09346809 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2492111 = boost
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.35373533 = fieldWeight in 5813, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5813)
          0.056280416 = weight(abstract_txt:werden in 5813) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.056280416 = score(doc=5813,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.121067464 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7412595 = boost
                3.5062556 = idf(docFreq=3606, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.46486822 = fieldWeight in 5813, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.5062556 = idf(docFreq=3606, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5813)
          0.27914408 = weight(abstract_txt:semantische in 5813) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.27914408 = score(doc=5813,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.30759394 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.266173 = boost
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.9075084 = fieldWeight in 5813, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5813)
          0.21329696 = weight(abstract_txt:annotation in 5813) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.21329696 = score(doc=5813,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.3239107 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3255024 = boost
                7.0240583 = idf(docFreq=106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.65850544 = fieldWeight in 5813, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.0240583 = idf(docFreq=106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5813)
        0.2 = coord(5/25)
    
  4. Lindstaedt, S.N.; Ulbrich, A.: Integration von Arbeiten und Lernen : Kompetenzentwicklung in Arbeitsprozessen (2006) 0.13
    0.13183385 = sum of:
      0.13183385 = product of:
        0.5493077 = sum of:
          0.076203294 = weight(abstract_txt:kapitel in 5792) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.076203294 = score(doc=5792,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14617132 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1046387 = boost
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.5213286 = fieldWeight in 5792, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5792)
          0.077354945 = weight(abstract_txt:ergeben in 5792) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.077354945 = score(doc=5792,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14764035 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1101756 = boost
                6.7064548 = idf(docFreq=146, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.52394176 = fieldWeight in 5792, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7064548 = idf(docFreq=146, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5792)
          0.082243614 = weight(abstract_txt:eingegangen in 5792) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.082243614 = score(doc=5792,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15379697 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1330864 = boost
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.53475446 = fieldWeight in 5792, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5792)
          0.04772228 = weight(abstract_txt:wird in 5792) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04772228 = score(doc=5792,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.09346809 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2492111 = boost
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.51057297 = fieldWeight in 5792, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5792)
          0.033163555 = weight(abstract_txt:werden in 5792) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.033163555 = score(doc=5792,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.121067464 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7412595 = boost
                3.5062556 = idf(docFreq=3606, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.27392623 = fieldWeight in 5792, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.5062556 = idf(docFreq=3606, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5792)
          0.23262005 = weight(abstract_txt:semantische in 5792) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.23262005 = score(doc=5792,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.30759394 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.266173 = boost
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.75625694 = fieldWeight in 5792, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=5792)
        0.24 = coord(6/25)
    
  5. Ehrig, M.; Studer, R.: Wissensvernetzung durch Ontologien (2006) 0.13
    0.12547988 = sum of:
      0.12547988 = product of:
        0.5228328 = sum of:
          0.08596027 = weight(abstract_txt:unterstützen in 5901) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08596027 = score(doc=5901,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.14588419 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1035532 = boost
                6.666449 = idf(docFreq=152, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.5892364 = fieldWeight in 5901, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                6.666449 = idf(docFreq=152, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5901)
          0.060962636 = weight(abstract_txt:kapitel in 5901) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.060962636 = score(doc=5901,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14617132 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1046387 = boost
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.4170629 = fieldWeight in 5901, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.6730065 = idf(docFreq=151, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5901)
          0.022041978 = weight(abstract_txt:wird in 5901) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.022041978 = score(doc=5901,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.09346809 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2492111 = boost
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.23582356 = fieldWeight in 5901, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.773177 = idf(docFreq=2761, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5901)
          0.088427484 = weight(abstract_txt:eingeführt in 5901) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.088427484 = score(doc=5901,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1873029 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2504358 = boost
                7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.47210953 = fieldWeight in 5901, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.5537524 = idf(docFreq=62, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5901)
          0.03752028 = weight(abstract_txt:werden in 5901) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03752028 = score(doc=5901,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.121067464 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7412595 = boost
                3.5062556 = idf(docFreq=3606, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.30991215 = fieldWeight in 5901, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.5062556 = idf(docFreq=3606, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5901)
          0.22792017 = weight(abstract_txt:semantische in 5901) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.22792017 = score(doc=5901,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.30759394 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.266173 = boost
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.019829893 = queryNorm
              0.74097747 = fieldWeight in 5901, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                6.8448567 = idf(docFreq=127, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5901)
        0.24 = coord(6/25)