Document (#30900)

Author
Ehrig, M.
Studer, R.
Title
Wissensvernetzung durch Ontologien
Source
Semantic Web: Wege zur vernetzten Wissensgesellschaft. Hrsg.: T. Pellegrini, u. A. Blumauer
Imprint
Berlin : Springer
Year
2006
Pages
S.469-484
Series
X.media.press
Abstract
In der Informatik sind Ontologien formale Modelle eines Anwendungsbereiches, die die Kommunikation zwischen menschlichen und/oder maschinellen Akteuren unterstützen und damit den Austausch und das Teilen von Wissen in Unternehmen erleichtern. Ontologien zur strukturierten Darstellung von Wissen zu nutzen hat deshalb in den letzten Jahren zunehmende Verbreitung gefunden. Schon heute existieren weltweit tausende Ontologien. Um Interoperabilität zwischen darauf aufbauenden Softwareagenten oder Webservices zu ermöglichen, ist die semantische Integration der Ontologien eine zwingendnotwendige Vorraussetzung. Wie man sieh leicht verdeutlichen kann, ist die rein manuelle Erstellung der Abbildungen ab einer bestimmten Größe. Komplexität und Veränderungsrate der Ontologien nicht mehr ohne weiteres möglich. Automatische oder semiautomatische Technologien müssen den Nutzer darin unterstützen. Das Integrationsproblem beschäftigt Forschung und Industrie schon seit vielen Jahren z. B. im Bereich der Datenbankintegration. Neu ist jedoch die Möglichkeit komplexe semantische Informationen. wie sie in Ontologien vorhanden sind, einzubeziehen. Zur Ontologieintegration wird in diesem Kapitel ein sechsstufiger genereller Prozess basierend auf den semantischen Strukturen eingeführt. Erweiterungen beschäftigen sich mit der Effizienz oder der optimalen Nutzereinbindung in diesen Prozess. Außerdem werden zwei Anwendungen vorgestellt, in denen dieser Prozess erfolgreich umgesetzt wurde. In einem abschließenden Fazit werden neue aktuelle Trends angesprochen. Da die Ansätze prinzipiell auf jedes Schema übertragbar sind, das eine semantische Basis enthält, geht der Einsatzbereich dieser Forschung weit über reine Ontologieanwendungen hinaus.
Theme
Wissensrepräsentation
Semantische Interoperabilität

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