Document (#30959)

Author

Summann, F.
Wolf, S.

Title

Suchmaschinentechnologie und wissenschaftliche Suchumgebung : Warum braucht man eine wissenschaftliche Suchmaschine?

Source

Online Mitteilungen. 2006, Nr.86, S.3-18 [=Mitteilungen VÖB 59(2006) H.2]

Year

2006

Abstract

Bereits seit längerem ist bekannt, dass Studierende und Wissenschaftler zur Informationsrecherche Internet-Suchmaschinen bevorzugen [Klatt 2001]. Wissenschaftlich relevante Internet-Seiten gehen aber in der Vielzahl der von Google, Yahoo & Co erfassten Seiten unter. In den riesigen Treffermengen allgemeiner Suchmaschinen sind wissenschaftliche Quellen über die umfangreichen Ergebnisseiten verstreut und zudem in der Trefferanzeige nur schwer als solche zu identifizieren. Internet-Suchmaschinen indexieren nur frei zugängliche Internet-Seiten (das sogenannte "Visible Web"). Inhalte aus wissenschaftlich relevanten Fach-, Volltext- und Verbunddatenbanken (das "Invisible Web"), werden bisher nicht erfasst oder zumindest nicht in den allgemeinen Index der Suchmaschinen integriert. Aber auch ein Teil des sichtbaren Webs bleibt für die Suchmaschinen unsichtbar. OAI-Server, die eigentlich zum "Visible Web" gehören, werden - wenn überhaupt - häufig nur unvollständig indexiert, was allerdings auch an der oftmals wenig suchmaschinenfreundlichen Aufbereitung der Inhalte auf diesen Servern liegt. Die gängigen Windows-Office-Dateiformate werden zwar von den allgemeinen Suchmaschinen inzwischen recht zuverlässig indexiert, eine Reihe von in Forschung und Lehre verwendeten Datenformate werden aber bisher von Internet-Suchmaschinen nicht berücksichtigt (z.B. LaTex, OpenOffice). Unabhängig vom Dateiformat gibt es eine Grenze bei der Indexierung besonders großer Dateien. Dateien werden nur bis zu einer Größe von etwa 800 KB vollständig indexiert. Alle Inhalte, die in einer Datei über diesem Limit liegen, werden nicht mehr indexiert, was sich bei umfangreichen Volltexten negativ bemerkbar macht. Um alle relevanten Informationen zu einem Thema zusammentragen zu können, müssen Informationsrecherchen daher sowohl in Suchmaschinen als auch in Fachdatenbanken durchgeführt werden. Recherchen in den Datenbanken des "Invisible Web" erbringen zwar hochwertige Ergebnisse, dauern oft aber vergleichsweise lange. Die Antwortzeiten von Metasuchumgebungen, die ihre Suchanfragen über das Z39.50-Protokoll oder per HTTP an eine Vielzahl von Zieldatenbanken weiterreichen und anschließend die Ergebnisse zusammenführen, sind um ein Vielfaches höher als die der Internet-Suchmaschinen. Häufig ist auch die Hardwareausstattung der Zielserver nicht ausreichend oder die Lizenzverträge der Herstellerfirmen lassen nur eine begrenzte Anzahl gleichzeitiger User zu. Die Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (BASE) vereinigt die Vorteile von Suchmaschinen (einfache Nutzung, schnelle Antwortzeiten, Relevanzbewertung) und Datenbanken (Berücksichtigung bibliographischer Suchaspekte, hohe Qualität der Quellen).

Theme

Suchmaschinen

Object

BASE

Location

D
Bielefeld

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4. Henzinger, M.; Wiesemann, M.: Google-Forschungschefin Monika Henzinger beklagt Manipulationen von Suchmaschinen : "Tricks der Porno-Branche" (2002) 0.42

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5. Machill, M.; Beiler, M.; Neumann, U.: Leistungsfähigkeit von wissenschaftlichen Suchmaschinen. : ein Experiment am Beispiel von Google Scholar (2007) 0.40

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