Document (#32284)

Author

Jansen, B.J.
Spink, A.
Blakely, C.
Koshman, S.

Title

Defining a session on Web search engines

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.6, S.862-871

Year

2007

Abstract

Detecting query reformulations within a session by a Web searcher is an important area of research for designing more helpful searching systems and targeting content to particular users. Methods explored by other researchers include both qualitative (i.e., the use of human judges to manually analyze query patterns on usually small samples) and nondeterministic algorithms, typically using large amounts of training data to predict query modification during sessions. In this article, we explore three alternative methods for detection of session boundaries. All three methods are computationally straightforward and therefore easily implemented for detection of session changes. We examine 2,465,145 interactions from 534,507 users of Dogpile.com on May 6, 2005. We compare session analysis using (a) Internet Protocol address and cookie; (b) Internet Protocol address, cookie, and a temporal limit on intrasession interactions; and (c) Internet Protocol address, cookie, and query reformulation patterns. Overall, our analysis shows that defining sessions by query reformulation along with Internet Protocol address and cookie provides the best measure, resulting in an 82% increase in the count of sessions. Regardless of the method used, the mean session length was fewer than three queries, and the mean session duration was less than 30 min. Searchers most often modified their query by changing query terms (nearly 23% of all query modifications) rather than adding or deleting terms. Implications are that for measuring searching traffic, unique sessions may be a better indicator than the common metric of unique visitors. This research also sheds light on the more complex aspects of Web searching involving query modifications and may lead to advances in searching tools.

Theme

Suchmaschinen

Similar documents (author)

1. Koshman, S.; Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.: Web searching on the Vivisimo search engine (2006) 5.28

   5.276905 = sum of:
     5.276905 = sum of:
       1.2418433 = weight(author_txt:spink in 1339) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.2418433 = score(doc=1339,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45208734 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           2.74691 = fieldWeight in 1339, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=1339)
       1.4281452 = weight(author_txt:jansen in 1339) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.4281452 = score(doc=1339,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.4962411 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0476958 = boost
             7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           2.877926 = fieldWeight in 1339, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=1339)
       2.6069167 = weight(author_txt:koshman in 1339) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.6069167 = score(doc=1339,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.7411895 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2804229 = boost
             9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           3.5172067 = fieldWeight in 1339, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=1339)
   

2. Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Koshman, S.: Web searcher interaction with the Dogpile.com metasearch engine (2007) 5.28

   5.276905 = sum of:
     5.276905 = sum of:
       1.2418433 = weight(author_txt:spink in 2268) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.2418433 = score(doc=2268,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45208734 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           2.74691 = fieldWeight in 2268, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2268)
       1.4281452 = weight(author_txt:jansen in 2268) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.4281452 = score(doc=2268,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.4962411 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0476958 = boost
             7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           2.877926 = fieldWeight in 2268, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2268)
       2.6069167 = weight(author_txt:koshman in 2268) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.6069167 = score(doc=2268,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.7411895 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2804229 = boost
             9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           3.5172067 = fieldWeight in 2268, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
             0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2268)
   

3. Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.; Blakely, C.; Koshman, S.: ¬A study of results overlap and uniqueness among major Web search engines (2006) 4.40

   4.397421 = sum of:
     4.397421 = sum of:
       1.0348694 = weight(author_txt:spink in 2991) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.0348694 = score(doc=2991,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.45208734 = queryWeight, product of:
             7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           2.2890918 = fieldWeight in 2991, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2991)
       1.190121 = weight(author_txt:jansen in 2991) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         1.190121 = score(doc=2991,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.4962411 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.0476958 = boost
             7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           2.3982718 = fieldWeight in 2991, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2991)
       2.1724305 = weight(author_txt:koshman in 2991) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
         2.1724305 = score(doc=2991,freq=1.0), product of:
           0.7411895 = queryWeight, product of:
             1.2804229 = boost
             9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
             0.06171762 = queryNorm
           2.9310057 = fieldWeight in 2991, product of:
             1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
               1.0 = termFreq=1.0
             9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
             0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=2991)
   

4. Spink, A.; Park, M.; Koshman, S.: Factors affecting assigned information problem ordering during Web search : an exploratory study (2006) 2.57

   2.5658402 = sum of:
     2.5658402 = product of:
       3.8487601 = sum of:
         1.2418433 = weight(author_txt:spink in 2989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.2418433 = score(doc=2989,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.45208734 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
               0.06171762 = queryNorm
             2.74691 = fieldWeight in 2989, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
               0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2989)
         2.6069167 = weight(author_txt:koshman in 2989) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           2.6069167 = score(doc=2989,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.7411895 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2804229 = boost
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.06171762 = queryNorm
             3.5172067 = fieldWeight in 2989, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=2989)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

5. Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: How are we searching the World Wide Web? : A comparison of nine search engine transaction logs (2006) 2.37

   2.3733232 = sum of:
     2.3733232 = product of:
       3.5599847 = sum of:
         1.655791 = weight(author_txt:spink in 2966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.655791 = score(doc=2966,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.45208734 = queryWeight, product of:
               7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
               0.06171762 = queryNorm
             3.6625469 = fieldWeight in 2966, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.3250937 = idf(docFreq=77, maxDocs=43556)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=2966)
         1.9041935 = weight(author_txt:jansen in 2966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           1.9041935 = score(doc=2966,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4962411 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0476958 = boost
               7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
               0.06171762 = queryNorm
             3.8372347 = fieldWeight in 2966, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
               0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=2966)
       0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Rieh, S.Y.; Xie, H.(I.): Analysis of multiple query reformulations on the web : the interactive information retrieval context (2006) 0.36

   0.36445576 = sum of:
     0.36445576 = product of:
       1.1389242 = sum of:
         0.088417225 = weight(abstract_txt:reformulations in 2974) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.088417225 = score(doc=2974,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15083086 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.137176 = boost
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.58620113 = fieldWeight in 2974, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2974)
         0.044909034 = weight(abstract_txt:patterns in 2974) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044909034 = score(doc=2974,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09601847 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2831428 = boost
               5.291562 = idf(docFreq=595, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.46771243 = fieldWeight in 2974, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.291562 = idf(docFreq=595, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2974)
         0.037955735 = weight(abstract_txt:unique in 2974) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.037955735 = score(doc=2974,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.108141884 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3617411 = boost
               5.6156945 = idf(docFreq=430, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.3509809 = fieldWeight in 2974, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6156945 = idf(docFreq=430, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2974)
         0.028052198 = weight(abstract_txt:three in 2974) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028052198 = score(doc=2974,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10119305 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6133127 = boost
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.27721468 = fieldWeight in 2974, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2974)
         0.27238092 = weight(abstract_txt:reformulation in 2974) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.27238092 = score(doc=2974,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.21032655 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.899086 = boost
               7.831655 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             1.2950382 = fieldWeight in 2974, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               7.831655 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2974)
         0.1833014 = weight(abstract_txt:sessions in 2974) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1833014 = score(doc=2974,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.30897227 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2551599 = boost
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.59326166 = fieldWeight in 2974, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2974)
         0.25199422 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 2974) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25199422 = score(doc=2974,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.34707484 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.1750603 = boost
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.72605157 = fieldWeight in 2974, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2974)
         0.23191358 = weight(abstract_txt:session in 2974) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.23191358 = score(doc=2974,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.54876 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.738823 = boost
               6.7618217 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.42261386 = fieldWeight in 2974, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7618217 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2974)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

2. Spink, A.; Park, M.; Jansen, B.J.; Pedersen, J.: Elicitation and use of relevance feedback information (2006) 0.31

   0.31241992 = sum of:
     0.31241992 = product of:
       1.1157855 = sum of:
         0.060124815 = weight(abstract_txt:duration in 2965) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.060124815 = score(doc=2965,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11663659 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.247815 = idf(docFreq=30, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.51548845 = fieldWeight in 2965, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.247815 = idf(docFreq=30, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2965)
         0.06272662 = weight(abstract_txt:three in 2965) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06272662 = score(doc=2965,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.10119305 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6133127 = boost
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.61987084 = fieldWeight in 2965, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2965)
         0.025407104 = weight(abstract_txt:than in 2965) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025407104 = score(doc=2965,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10426113 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8909228 = boost
               3.8989954 = idf(docFreq=2398, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.24368721 = fieldWeight in 2965, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.8989954 = idf(docFreq=2398, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2965)
         0.033548586 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 2965) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.033548586 = score(doc=2965,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12548788 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0745 = boost
               4.2775235 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.26734522 = fieldWeight in 2965, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2775235 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2965)
         0.42987987 = weight(abstract_txt:sessions in 2965) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.42987987 = score(doc=2965,freq=11.0), product of:
             0.30897227 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2551599 = boost
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             1.3913219 = fieldWeight in 2965, product of:
               3.3166249 = tf(freq=11.0), with freq of:
                 11.0 = termFreq=11.0
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2965)
         0.27218485 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 2965) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.27218485 = score(doc=2965,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.34707484 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.1750603 = boost
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.7842253 = fieldWeight in 2965, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2965)
         0.23191358 = weight(abstract_txt:session in 2965) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.23191358 = score(doc=2965,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.54876 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.738823 = boost
               6.7618217 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.42261386 = fieldWeight in 2965, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7618217 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2965)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Jansen, B.J.; Booth, D.L.; Spink, A.: Patterns of query reformulation during Web searching (2009) 0.24

   0.24069199 = sum of:
     0.24069199 = product of:
       0.85961425 = sum of:
         0.088417225 = weight(abstract_txt:reformulations in 4934) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.088417225 = score(doc=4934,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.15083086 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.137176 = boost
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.58620113 = fieldWeight in 4934, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4934)
         0.044909034 = weight(abstract_txt:patterns in 4934) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044909034 = score(doc=4934,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09601847 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2831428 = boost
               5.291562 = idf(docFreq=595, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.46771243 = fieldWeight in 4934, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.291562 = idf(docFreq=595, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4934)
         0.025407104 = weight(abstract_txt:than in 4934) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025407104 = score(doc=4934,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10426113 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8909228 = boost
               3.8989954 = idf(docFreq=2398, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.24368721 = fieldWeight in 4934, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.8989954 = idf(docFreq=2398, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4934)
         0.25217575 = weight(abstract_txt:reformulation in 4934) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25217575 = score(doc=4934,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.21032655 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.899086 = boost
               7.831655 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             1.1989725 = fieldWeight in 4934, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               7.831655 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4934)
         0.06709717 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 4934) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06709717 = score(doc=4934,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.12548788 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0745 = boost
               4.2775235 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.53469044 = fieldWeight in 4934, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.2775235 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4934)
         0.12961367 = weight(abstract_txt:sessions in 4934) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12961367 = score(doc=4934,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.30897227 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2551599 = boost
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.41949934 = fieldWeight in 4934, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4934)
         0.25199422 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 4934) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25199422 = score(doc=4934,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.34707484 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.1750603 = boost
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.72605157 = fieldWeight in 4934, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4934)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

4. Bilal, D.; Gwizdka, J.: Children's query types and reformulations in Google search (2018) 0.24

   0.23905331 = sum of:
     0.23905331 = product of:
       0.8537618 = sum of:
         0.15314311 = weight(abstract_txt:reformulations in 1333) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15314311 = score(doc=1333,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.15083086 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.137176 = boost
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             1.0153301 = fieldWeight in 1333, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1333)
         0.028052198 = weight(abstract_txt:three in 1333) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028052198 = score(doc=1333,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10119305 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6133127 = boost
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.27721468 = fieldWeight in 1333, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1333)
         0.025407104 = weight(abstract_txt:than in 1333) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025407104 = score(doc=1333,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10426113 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8909228 = boost
               3.8989954 = idf(docFreq=2398, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.24368721 = fieldWeight in 1333, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.8989954 = idf(docFreq=2398, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1333)
         0.17831516 = weight(abstract_txt:reformulation in 1333) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.17831516 = score(doc=1333,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.21032655 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.899086 = boost
               7.831655 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.8478015 = fieldWeight in 1333, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               7.831655 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1333)
         0.033548586 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 1333) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.033548586 = score(doc=1333,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12548788 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0745 = boost
               4.2775235 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.26734522 = fieldWeight in 1333, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2775235 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1333)
         0.1833014 = weight(abstract_txt:sessions in 1333) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1833014 = score(doc=1333,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.30897227 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2551599 = boost
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.59326166 = fieldWeight in 1333, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1333)
         0.25199422 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 1333) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25199422 = score(doc=1333,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.34707484 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.1750603 = boost
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.72605157 = fieldWeight in 1333, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1333)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

5. Mat-Hassan, M.; Levene, M.: Associating search and navigation behavior through log analysis (2005) 0.23

   0.23264094 = sum of:
     0.23264094 = product of:
       0.8308605 = sum of:
         0.044909034 = weight(abstract_txt:patterns in 4679) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.044909034 = score(doc=4679,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09601847 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2831428 = boost
               5.291562 = idf(docFreq=595, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.46771243 = fieldWeight in 4679, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.291562 = idf(docFreq=595, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4679)
         0.03593107 = weight(abstract_txt:than in 4679) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03593107 = score(doc=4679,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10426113 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8909228 = boost
               3.8989954 = idf(docFreq=2398, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.34462574 = fieldWeight in 4679, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.8989954 = idf(docFreq=2398, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4679)
         0.10295031 = weight(abstract_txt:reformulation in 4679) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10295031 = score(doc=4679,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21032655 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.899086 = boost
               7.831655 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.48947844 = fieldWeight in 4679, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.831655 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4679)
         0.033548586 = weight(abstract_txt:searching in 4679) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.033548586 = score(doc=4679,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12548788 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0745 = boost
               4.2775235 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.26734522 = fieldWeight in 4679, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.2775235 = idf(docFreq=1642, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4679)
         0.12961367 = weight(abstract_txt:sessions in 4679) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12961367 = score(doc=4679,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.30897227 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2551599 = boost
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.41949934 = fieldWeight in 4679, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7119894 = idf(docFreq=143, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4679)
         0.25199422 = weight(abstract_txt:query in 4679) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.25199422 = score(doc=4679,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.34707484 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.1750603 = boost
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.72605157 = fieldWeight in 4679, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.742549 = idf(docFreq=1031, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4679)
         0.23191358 = weight(abstract_txt:session in 4679) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.23191358 = score(doc=4679,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.54876 = queryWeight, product of:
               5.738823 = boost
               6.7618217 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=43556)
               0.014141514 = queryNorm
             0.42261386 = fieldWeight in 4679, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.7618217 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4679)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)