Document (#33078)

Author
Cho, B.-H.
Lee, C.
Lee, G.G.
Title
Exploring term dependences in probabilistic information retrieval model
Source
Information processing and management. 39(2003) no.4, S.505-519
Year
2003
Abstract
Most previous information retrieval (IR) models assume that terms of queries and documents are statistically independent from each another. However, this kind of conditional independence assumption is obviously and openly understood to be wrong, so we present a new method of incorporating term dependence in probabilistic retrieval model by adapting Bahadur-Lazarsfeld expansion (BLE) to compensate the weakness of the assumption. In this paper, we describe a theoretic process to apply BLE to the general probabilistic models and the state-of-the-art 2-Poisson model. Through the experiments on two standard document collections, HANTEC2.0 in Korean and WT10g in English, we demonstrate that incorporation of term dependences using the BLE significantly contribute to the improvement of performance in at least two different language IR systems.

Similar documents (content)

  1. Lee, C.; Lee, G.G.: Probabilistic information retrieval model for a dependence structured indexing system (2005) 2.81
    2.8058004 = sum of:
      2.8058004 = product of:
        2.9227087 = sum of:
          0.05556836 = weight(abstract_txt:improvement in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.05556836 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.11562233 = queryWeight, product of:
                6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.48060232 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.1517096 = idf(docFreq=255, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.057684463 = weight(abstract_txt:understood in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.057684463 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.118539356 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0125359 = boost
                6.228827 = idf(docFreq=236, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.4866271 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.228827 = idf(docFreq=236, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.07526948 = weight(abstract_txt:incorporating in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.07526948 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14154764 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1064466 = boost
                6.806538 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.5317608 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.806538 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.07577327 = weight(abstract_txt:statistically in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.07577327 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14217852 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1089096 = boost
                6.82169 = idf(docFreq=130, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.53294456 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.82169 = idf(docFreq=130, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.09489608 = weight(abstract_txt:adapting in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09489608 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.16519193 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1952908 = boost
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.5744595 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.095918655 = weight(abstract_txt:assume in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.095918655 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.16637653 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1995689 = boost
                7.3793993 = idf(docFreq=74, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.57651556 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.3793993 = idf(docFreq=74, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.09920697 = weight(abstract_txt:dependence in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09920697 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.17015764 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2131231 = boost
                7.462781 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.58302975 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.462781 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.108528435 = weight(abstract_txt:incorporation in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.108528435 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.18065599 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2499865 = boost
                7.689554 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.6007464 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.689554 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.115320854 = weight(abstract_txt:korean in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.115320854 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.18811722 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2755381 = boost
                7.84674 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.61302656 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.84674 = idf(docFreq=46, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.11724875 = weight(abstract_txt:theoretic in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11724875 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.190208 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2826068 = boost
                7.890225 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.61642385 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.890225 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.11928715 = weight(abstract_txt:independence in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11928715 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1924062 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.289997 = boost
                7.935687 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.61997557 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.935687 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.12144787 = weight(abstract_txt:wrong in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.12144787 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1947227 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2977393 = boost
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.6236965 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.983315 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.13162607 = weight(abstract_txt:conditional in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.13162607 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.20545559 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3330245 = boost
                8.200379 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.6406546 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.200379 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.13794667 = weight(abstract_txt:obviously in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.13794667 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.21198127 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3540288 = boost
                8.329592 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.6507493 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.329592 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.14978674 = weight(abstract_txt:openly in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.14978674 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.22394373 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3917096 = boost
                8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.6688588 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.561393 = idf(docFreq=22, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.15213199 = weight(abstract_txt:weakness in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.15213199 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.22627524 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3989354 = boost
                8.6058445 = idf(docFreq=21, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.6723316 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.6058445 = idf(docFreq=21, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.16302434 = weight(abstract_txt:poisson in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.16302434 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.23695086 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4315559 = boost
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.688009 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.1696533 = weight(abstract_txt:compensate in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1696533 = score(doc=1004,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.24333143 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4507022 = boost
                8.924298 = idf(docFreq=15, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.6972108 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.924298 = idf(docFreq=15, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.06751201 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06751201 = score(doc=1004,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.13164692 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5090356 = boost
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.5128264 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.0425004 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0425004 = score(doc=1004,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.11069188 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6947188 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.38395226 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.064145274 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.064145274 = score(doc=1004,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.14564544 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.943964 = boost
                3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.44042078 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.21012585 = weight(abstract_txt:assumption in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.21012585 = score(doc=1004,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.28063574 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.2032595 = boost
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.74874943 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.112079695 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.112079695 = score(doc=1004,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.21128649 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3414001 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.53046316 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
          0.38602588 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 1004) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.38602588 = score(doc=1004,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.42095363 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.3048892 = boost
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.91702706 = fieldWeight in 1004, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1004)
        0.96 = coord(24/25)
    
  2. Bruza, P.D.; Huibers, T.W.C.: ¬A study of aboutness in information retrieval (1996) 0.25
    0.25195146 = sum of:
      0.25195146 = product of:
        0.89982665 = sum of:
          0.14069849 = weight(abstract_txt:theoretic in 7705) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.14069849 = score(doc=7705,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.190208 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2826068 = boost
                7.890225 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.7397086 = fieldWeight in 7705, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.890225 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7705)
          0.1579513 = weight(abstract_txt:conditional in 7705) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1579513 = score(doc=7705,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.20545559 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3330245 = boost
                8.200379 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.7687856 = fieldWeight in 7705, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.200379 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7705)
          0.08101441 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 7705) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08101441 = score(doc=7705,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.13164692 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5090356 = boost
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.6153916 = fieldWeight in 7705, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7705)
          0.08063884 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 7705) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08063884 = score(doc=7705,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.11069188 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6947188 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.7284982 = fieldWeight in 7705, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7705)
          0.07697433 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 7705) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.07697433 = score(doc=7705,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.14564544 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.943964 = boost
                3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.5285049 = fieldWeight in 7705, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7705)
          0.09510278 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 7705) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09510278 = score(doc=7705,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.21128649 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3414001 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.45011294 = fieldWeight in 7705, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7705)
          0.26744655 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 7705) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.26744655 = score(doc=7705,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.42095363 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.3048892 = boost
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.63533497 = fieldWeight in 7705, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7705)
        0.28 = coord(7/25)
    
  3. Losee, R.M.: Comparing Boolean and probabilistic information retrieval systems across queries and disciplines (1997) 0.19
    0.19263567 = sum of:
      0.19263567 = product of:
        0.80264866 = sum of:
          0.119048364 = weight(abstract_txt:dependence in 7709) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.119048364 = score(doc=7709,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.17015764 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2131231 = boost
                7.462781 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.69963574 = fieldWeight in 7709, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.462781 = idf(docFreq=68, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7709)
          0.14314456 = weight(abstract_txt:independence in 7709) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.14314456 = score(doc=7709,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1924062 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.289997 = boost
                7.935687 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.74397063 = fieldWeight in 7709, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.935687 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7709)
          0.057285838 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 7709) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.057285838 = score(doc=7709,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.13164692 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5090356 = boost
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.43514758 = fieldWeight in 7709, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7709)
          0.05100048 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 7709) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.05100048 = score(doc=7709,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.11069188 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6947188 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.4607427 = fieldWeight in 7709, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7709)
          0.16472286 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 7709) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.16472286 = score(doc=7709,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.21128649 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3414001 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.7796185 = fieldWeight in 7709, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7709)
          0.26744655 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 7709) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.26744655 = score(doc=7709,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.42095363 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.3048892 = boost
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.63533497 = fieldWeight in 7709, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=7709)
        0.24 = coord(6/25)
    
  4. Lassalle, E.; Lassalle, E.: Semantic models in information retrieval (2012) 0.18
    0.18346925 = sum of:
      0.18346925 = product of:
        0.7644552 = sum of:
          0.09542972 = weight(abstract_txt:independence in 97) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09542972 = score(doc=97,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1924062 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.289997 = boost
                7.935687 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.49598044 = fieldWeight in 97, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.935687 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=97)
          0.13041946 = weight(abstract_txt:poisson in 97) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.13041946 = score(doc=97,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.23695086 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4315559 = boost
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.55040723 = fieldWeight in 97, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=97)
          0.085396685 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 97) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.085396685 = score(doc=97,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.13164692 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5090356 = boost
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.64867973 = fieldWeight in 97, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=97)
          0.024041858 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 97) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.024041858 = score(doc=97,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.11069188 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6947188 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.21719621 = fieldWeight in 97, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=97)
          0.0725721 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 97) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0725721 = score(doc=97,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.14564544 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.943964 = boost
                3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.49827924 = fieldWeight in 97, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=97)
          0.35659543 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 97) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.35659543 = score(doc=97,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.42095363 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.3048892 = boost
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.8471133 = fieldWeight in 97, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=97)
        0.24 = coord(6/25)
    
  5. Losee, R.M.: Determining information retrieval and filtering performance without experimentation (1995) 0.16
    0.1648964 = sum of:
      0.1648964 = product of:
        0.68706834 = sum of:
          0.11928715 = weight(abstract_txt:independence in 3368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11928715 = score(doc=3368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1924062 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.289997 = boost
                7.935687 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.61997557 = fieldWeight in 3368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.935687 = idf(docFreq=42, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3368)
          0.047738202 = weight(abstract_txt:models in 3368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.047738202 = score(doc=3368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.13164692 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5090356 = boost
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.362623 = fieldWeight in 3368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.6415744 = idf(docFreq=1158, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3368)
          0.060104642 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 3368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.060104642 = score(doc=3368,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.11069188 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6947188 = boost
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.5429905 = fieldWeight in 3368, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                3.4751394 = idf(docFreq=3720, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3368)
          0.0785616 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 3368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0785616 = score(doc=3368,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.14564544 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.943964 = boost
                3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.5394031 = fieldWeight in 3368, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                3.986234 = idf(docFreq=2231, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3368)
          0.15850464 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 3368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.15850464 = score(doc=3368,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.21128649 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3414001 = boost
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.75018823 = fieldWeight in 3368, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.8012047 = idf(docFreq=987, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3368)
          0.22287214 = weight(abstract_txt:probabilistic in 3368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.22287214 = score(doc=3368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.42095363 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.3048892 = boost
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.018795153 = queryNorm
              0.5294458 = fieldWeight in 3368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.7769065 = idf(docFreq=136, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3368)
        0.24 = coord(6/25)