Document (#33610)

Author

Poulos, M.
Bokos, G.
Vaioulis, F.

Title

Towards the semantic extraction of digital signatures for librarian image-identification purposes

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.5, S.708-718

Year

2008

Abstract

In study we attempt to solve the problem of determining how authentic published images on the Internet are, and to what degree they may be identified by comparison to the original image. The technique proposed aims to serve the new requirements of libraries. One of these is the development of computational tools for the control and preservation of intellectual property such as digital objects, and especially of digital images. For this purpose, this article proposes the use of a serial number extracted using a previously tested semantic-properties method. This method, based on the multilayers of a set of arithmetic points, assures the following two properties: the uniqueness of the final extracted number, and the semantic dependence of this number on the image used as the method's input. The major advantage of this method is that it can serve as the authentication for a published image or detect partial modifications to a reliable degree. Also, it requires the better of the known hash functions that the digital-signature schemes use, and produces alphanumeric strings for checking authenticity and the degree of similarity between an unknown image and an original image. As an example of a possible application, this article suggests that this method could be incorporated into the well-known DOI system in order to provide a reliable tool for identification and comparison of digital images.

Form

Bilder

Similar documents (content)

1. Sidhom, S.: Numerical training for the information retrieval in medical imaginery : modeling of the Gabor filters (2014) 0.23

   0.22572589 = sum of:
     0.22572589 = product of:
       0.9405246 = sum of:
         0.16976641 = weight(abstract_txt:signature in 1453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16976641 = score(doc=1453,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.18037097 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0094851 = boost
               8.518833 = idf(docFreq=23, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.94120693 = fieldWeight in 1453, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               8.518833 = idf(docFreq=23, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1453)
         0.13173527 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 1453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13173527 = score(doc=1453,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21967159 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9295862 = boost
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.59969187 = fieldWeight in 1453, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1453)
         0.027007908 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 1453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027007908 = score(doc=1453,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10130373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0016048 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.2666033 = fieldWeight in 1453, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1453)
         0.07082213 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 1453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07082213 = score(doc=1453,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20140709 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1334574 = boost
               4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.3516367 = fieldWeight in 1453, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1453)
         0.13679974 = weight(abstract_txt:digital in 1453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13679974 = score(doc=1453,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.23331815 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5672956 = boost
               4.332974 = idf(docFreq=1577, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.5863227 = fieldWeight in 1453, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.332974 = idf(docFreq=1577, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1453)
         0.40439314 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 1453) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.40439314 = score(doc=1453,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.43072996 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.821156 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.9388554 = fieldWeight in 1453, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1453)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

2. Jansen, B.J.: Searching for digital images on the web (2008) 0.20

   0.19954632 = sum of:
     0.19954632 = product of:
       0.831443 = sum of:
         0.043916762 = weight(abstract_txt:known in 1730) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.043916762 = score(doc=1730,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13488977 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2345853 = boost
               5.2092032 = idf(docFreq=656, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.3255752 = fieldWeight in 1730, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2092032 = idf(docFreq=656, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1730)
         0.12907366 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 1730) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12907366 = score(doc=1730,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.21967159 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9295862 = boost
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.5875756 = fieldWeight in 1730, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1730)
         0.037423253 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 1730) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.037423253 = score(doc=1730,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.10130373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0016048 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.36941636 = fieldWeight in 1730, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1730)
         0.0566577 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 1730) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0566577 = score(doc=1730,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20140709 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1334574 = boost
               4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.28130937 = fieldWeight in 1730, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1730)
         0.06318509 = weight(abstract_txt:digital in 1730) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06318509 = score(doc=1730,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23331815 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5672956 = boost
               4.332974 = idf(docFreq=1577, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.27081087 = fieldWeight in 1730, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.332974 = idf(docFreq=1577, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1730)
         0.50118655 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 1730) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.50118655 = score(doc=1730,freq=12.0), product of:
             0.43072996 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.821156 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             1.1635748 = fieldWeight in 1730, product of:
               3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
                 12.0 = termFreq=12.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1730)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

3. Mehrotra, R.: Content-based image modeling and retrieval (1997) 0.20

   0.19765629 = sum of:
     0.19765629 = product of:
       0.82356787 = sum of:
         0.18736365 = weight(abstract_txt:alphanumeric in 761) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.18736365 = score(doc=761,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.21492067 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1019343 = boost
               9.298992 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.8717805 = fieldWeight in 761, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.298992 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=761)
         0.06587514 = weight(abstract_txt:known in 761) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06587514 = score(doc=761,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13488977 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2345853 = boost
               5.2092032 = idf(docFreq=656, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.4883628 = fieldWeight in 761, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2092032 = idf(docFreq=656, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=761)
         0.10890687 = weight(abstract_txt:extracted in 761) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10890687 = score(doc=761,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.18859702 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.459819 = boost
               6.159553 = idf(docFreq=253, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.5774581 = fieldWeight in 761, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.159553 = idf(docFreq=253, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=761)
         0.0626153 = weight(abstract_txt:semantic in 761) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0626153 = score(doc=761,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14927326 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5906266 = boost
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.41946763 = fieldWeight in 761, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.4743214 = idf(docFreq=1369, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=761)
         0.022916969 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 761) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022916969 = score(doc=761,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10130373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0016048 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.2262204 = fieldWeight in 761, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=761)
         0.3758899 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 761) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.3758899 = score(doc=761,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.43072996 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.821156 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.87268114 = fieldWeight in 761, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=761)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Kousha, K.; Thelwall, M.; Rezaie, S.: Can the impact of scholarly images be assessed online? : an exploratory study using image identification technology (2010) 0.20

   0.19733885 = sum of:
     0.19733885 = product of:
       0.7047816 = sum of:
         0.043916762 = weight(abstract_txt:known in 3966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.043916762 = score(doc=3966,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13488977 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2345853 = boost
               5.2092032 = idf(docFreq=656, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.3255752 = fieldWeight in 3966, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2092032 = idf(docFreq=656, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3966)
         0.032892227 = weight(abstract_txt:number in 3966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.032892227 = score(doc=3966,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12734583 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4691616 = boost
               4.132649 = idf(docFreq=1927, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.25829056 = fieldWeight in 3966, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.132649 = idf(docFreq=1927, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3966)
         0.19716328 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 3966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.19716328 = score(doc=3966,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.21967159 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9295862 = boost
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.8975366 = fieldWeight in 3966, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3966)
         0.021606326 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 3966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021606326 = score(doc=3966,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10130373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0016048 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.21328263 = fieldWeight in 3966, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3966)
         0.0566577 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 3966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0566577 = score(doc=3966,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20140709 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1334574 = boost
               4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.28130937 = fieldWeight in 3966, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3966)
         0.06318509 = weight(abstract_txt:digital in 3966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06318509 = score(doc=3966,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.23331815 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5672956 = boost
               4.332974 = idf(docFreq=1577, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.27081087 = fieldWeight in 3966, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.332974 = idf(docFreq=1577, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3966)
         0.2893602 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 3966) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2893602 = score(doc=3966,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.43072996 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.821156 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.67179024 = fieldWeight in 3966, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3966)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

5. Li, S.; Lee, M.-C.; Adjeroh, D.: Effective invariant features for shape-based image retrieval (2005) 0.20

   0.19632956 = sum of:
     0.19632956 = product of:
       0.701177 = sum of:
         0.0368813 = weight(abstract_txt:published in 3474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0368813 = score(doc=3474,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12006865 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1647867 = boost
               4.9146953 = idf(docFreq=881, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.30716845 = fieldWeight in 3474, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.9146953 = idf(docFreq=881, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3474)
         0.043916762 = weight(abstract_txt:known in 3474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.043916762 = score(doc=3474,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13488977 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2345853 = boost
               5.2092032 = idf(docFreq=656, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.3255752 = fieldWeight in 3474, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.2092032 = idf(docFreq=656, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3474)
         0.06026747 = weight(abstract_txt:serve in 3474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06026747 = score(doc=3474,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16657664 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3719511 = boost
               5.788804 = idf(docFreq=367, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.36180025 = fieldWeight in 3474, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.788804 = idf(docFreq=367, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3474)
         0.10538822 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 3474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10538822 = score(doc=3474,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.21967159 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.9295862 = boost
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.4797535 = fieldWeight in 3474, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.427791 = idf(docFreq=527, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3474)
         0.015277979 = weight(abstract_txt:this in 3474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015277979 = score(doc=3474,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10130373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0016048 = boost
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.1508136 = fieldWeight in 3474, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               2.4130175 = idf(docFreq=10762, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3474)
         0.0566577 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 3474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0566577 = score(doc=3474,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.20140709 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.1334574 = boost
               4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.28130937 = fieldWeight in 3474, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3474)
         0.38278753 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 3474) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.38278753 = score(doc=3474,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.43072996 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.821156 = boost
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.020974258 = queryNorm
             0.88869494 = fieldWeight in 3474, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               5.374322 = idf(docFreq=556, maxDocs=44218)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3474)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)