Document (#37041)

Author
Chowdhury, G.
Title
Building environmentally sustainable information services : a green is research agenda
Source
Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 63(2012) no.4, S.633-647
Year
2012
Series
Advances in information science
Abstract
Climate change has become a major area of concern over the past few years and consequently many governments, international bodies, businesses, and institutions are taking measures to reduce their carbon footprint. However, to date very little research has taken place on information and sustainable development in general, and on the environmental impact of information services in particular. Based on the data collected from various research papers and reports, this review article shows that information systems and services for the higher education and research sector currently generate massive greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and it is argued that there is an urgent need for developing a green information service, or green IS in short, that should be based on minimum GHG emissions throughout its lifecycle, from content creation to distribution, access, use, and disposal. Based on an analysis of the current research on green information technology (IT), it is proposed that a green IS should be based on the model of cloud computing. Finally, a research agenda is proposed that will pave the way for building and managing green ISs to support education and research/scholarly activities.

Similar documents (author)

  1. Chowdhury, G.G.; Chowdhury, S.: ¬An overview of the information retrieval features of twenty digital libraries (2000) 5.63
    5.6343894 = sum of:
      5.6343894 = weight(author_txt:chowdhury in 519) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.6343894 = score(doc=519,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.12549837 = queryNorm
          5.63439 = fieldWeight in 519, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=519)
    
  2. Chowdhury, S.; Chowdhury, G.G.: Text retrieval system : an overview (1992) 5.63
    5.6343894 = sum of:
      5.6343894 = weight(author_txt:chowdhury in 6505) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.6343894 = score(doc=6505,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.12549837 = queryNorm
          5.63439 = fieldWeight in 6505, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=6505)
    
  3. Chowdhury, S.; Chowdhury, G.G.: Development of library management system using Micro-CDS/ISIS (1992) 5.63
    5.6343894 = sum of:
      5.6343894 = weight(author_txt:chowdhury in 438) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.6343894 = score(doc=438,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.12549837 = queryNorm
          5.63439 = fieldWeight in 438, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=438)
    
  4. Chowdhury, G.G.; Chowdhury, S.: Text retrieval and library management software in India (1994) 5.63
    5.6343894 = sum of:
      5.6343894 = weight(author_txt:chowdhury in 2540) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.6343894 = score(doc=2540,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.12549837 = queryNorm
          5.63439 = fieldWeight in 2540, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=2540)
    
  5. Chowdhury, S.; Chowdhury, G.G.: Using DDC to create a visual knowledge map as an aid to online information retrieval (2004) 5.63
    5.6343894 = sum of:
      5.6343894 = weight(author_txt:chowdhury in 3641) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        5.6343894 = score(doc=3641,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.99999994 = queryWeight, product of:
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.12549837 = queryNorm
          5.63439 = fieldWeight in 3641, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.9682307 = idf(docFreq=40, maxDocs=43556)
            0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3641)
    

Similar documents (content)

  1. Chowdhury, G.: ¬An agenda for green information retrieval research (2012) 1.03
    1.0252923 = sum of:
      1.0252923 = product of:
        1.7088203 = sum of:
          0.035594568 = weight(abstract_txt:bodies in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.035594568 = score(doc=4722,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.09117761 = queryWeight, product of:
                7.138508 = idf(docFreq=93, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.39038715 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.138508 = idf(docFreq=93, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.044228937 = weight(abstract_txt:cloud in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.044228937 = score(doc=4722,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.10538288 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0750804 = boost
                7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.41969755 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.6744695 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.044872448 = weight(abstract_txt:businesses in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.044872448 = score(doc=4722,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1064026 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0802692 = boost
                7.7115107 = idf(docFreq=52, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.42172325 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.7115107 = idf(docFreq=52, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.046256296 = weight(abstract_txt:governments in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.046256296 = score(doc=4722,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.108579114 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.091262 = boost
                7.7899823 = idf(docFreq=48, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.42601466 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.7899823 = idf(docFreq=48, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.02737636 = weight(abstract_txt:proposed in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.02737636 = score(doc=4722,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.07653901 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2957234 = boost
                4.624766 = idf(docFreq=1160, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.3576785 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.624766 = idf(docFreq=1160, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.026453916 = weight(abstract_txt:education in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.026453916 = score(doc=4722,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.09425456 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4378781 = boost
                5.132152 = idf(docFreq=698, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.28066456 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.132152 = idf(docFreq=698, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.05432377 = weight(abstract_txt:building in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.05432377 = score(doc=4722,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.1055833 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5218383 = boost
                5.4318275 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.514511 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                5.4318275 = idf(docFreq=517, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.01144881 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01144881 = score(doc=4722,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.050748385 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6682149 = boost
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.2255995 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.061034013 = weight(abstract_txt:services in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.061034013 = score(doc=4722,freq=8.0), product of:
              0.09419419 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7604698 = boost
                4.1890426 = idf(docFreq=1794, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.6479594 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                  8.0 = termFreq=8.0
                4.1890426 = idf(docFreq=1794, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.012823277 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.012823277 = score(doc=4722,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07327993 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7929924 = boost
                3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.1749903 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.014505783 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.014505783 = score(doc=4722,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.06314465 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0384486 = boost
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.22972308 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.09251259 = weight(abstract_txt:sustainable in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09251259 = score(doc=4722,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.21715823 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.182524 = boost
                7.7899823 = idf(docFreq=48, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.42601466 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.7899823 = idf(docFreq=48, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.300114 = weight(abstract_txt:emissions in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.300114 = score(doc=4722,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.32995862 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.6902995 = boost
                9.602362 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.9095504 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                9.602362 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.04444066 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04444066 = score(doc=4722,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.12739882 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1274302 = boost
                3.1893122 = idf(docFreq=4877, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.34883103 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                3.1893122 = idf(docFreq=4877, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
          0.89283484 = weight(abstract_txt:green in 4722) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.89283484 = score(doc=4722,freq=7.0), product of:
              0.74216 = queryWeight, product of:
                6.988441 = boost
                8.314507 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              1.203022 = fieldWeight in 4722, product of:
                2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                  7.0 = termFreq=7.0
                8.314507 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4722)
        0.6 = coord(15/25)
    
  2. Tan, B.; Pan, S.L.; Zuo, M.: Harnessing collective IT resources for sustainability : insights from the green leadership strategy of China mobile (2015) 0.20
    0.19806802 = sum of:
      0.19806802 = product of:
        1.2379252 = sum of:
          0.013354165 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 3729) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.013354165 = score(doc=3729,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.050748385 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6682149 = boost
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.2631446 = fieldWeight in 3729, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3729)
          0.011964169 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 3729) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.011964169 = score(doc=3729,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.06314465 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0384486 = boost
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.18947242 = fieldWeight in 3729, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3729)
          0.03174333 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 3729) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03174333 = score(doc=3729,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12739882 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1274302 = boost
                3.1893122 = idf(docFreq=4877, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.24916501 = fieldWeight in 3729, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.1893122 = idf(docFreq=4877, maxDocs=43556)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3729)
          1.1808635 = weight(abstract_txt:green in 3729) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            1.1808635 = score(doc=3729,freq=6.0), product of:
              0.74216 = queryWeight, product of:
                6.988441 = boost
                8.314507 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              1.5911171 = fieldWeight in 3729, product of:
                2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                  6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                8.314507 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=43556)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3729)
        0.16 = coord(4/25)
    
  3. Chowdhury, G.: Carbon footprint of the knowledge sector : what's the future? (2010) 0.18
    0.18485786 = sum of:
      0.18485786 = product of:
        0.5776808 = sum of:
          0.019358007 = weight(abstract_txt:proposed in 1150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.019358007 = score(doc=1150,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07653901 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2957234 = boost
                4.624766 = idf(docFreq=1160, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.25291687 = fieldWeight in 1150, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.624766 = idf(docFreq=1160, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1150)
          0.0807349 = weight(abstract_txt:pave in 1150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0807349 = score(doc=1150,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15740068 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3138906 = boost
                9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.512926 = fieldWeight in 1150, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                9.379218 = idf(docFreq=9, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1150)
          0.094657704 = weight(abstract_txt:footprint in 1150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.094657704 = score(doc=1150,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.17501277 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.3854496 = boost
                9.890043 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.5408617 = fieldWeight in 1150, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                9.890043 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1150)
          0.014780352 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.014780352 = score(doc=1150,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.050748385 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6682149 = boost
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.29124773 = fieldWeight in 1150, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1150)
          0.008374918 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 1150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.008374918 = score(doc=1150,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.06314465 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0384486 = boost
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.13263069 = fieldWeight in 1150, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1150)
          0.09251259 = weight(abstract_txt:sustainable in 1150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09251259 = score(doc=1150,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.21715823 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.182524 = boost
                7.7899823 = idf(docFreq=48, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.42601466 = fieldWeight in 1150, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.7899823 = idf(docFreq=48, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1150)
          0.24504204 = weight(abstract_txt:emissions in 1150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.24504204 = score(doc=1150,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.32995862 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.6902995 = boost
                9.602362 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.7426448 = fieldWeight in 1150, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                9.602362 = idf(docFreq=7, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1150)
          0.02222033 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 1150) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.02222033 = score(doc=1150,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12739882 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1274302 = boost
                3.1893122 = idf(docFreq=4877, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.17441551 = fieldWeight in 1150, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.1893122 = idf(docFreq=4877, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1150)
        0.32 = coord(8/25)
    
  4. Tobias, J.: Seeking the subject (1998) 0.13
    0.1344543 = sum of:
      0.1344543 = product of:
        0.6722715 = sum of:
          0.011331384 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.011331384 = score(doc=1977,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.050748385 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6682149 = boost
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.22328562 = fieldWeight in 1977, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1977)
          0.0369922 = weight(abstract_txt:services in 1977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0369922 = score(doc=1977,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.09419419 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7604698 = boost
                4.1890426 = idf(docFreq=1794, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.39272273 = fieldWeight in 1977, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.1890426 = idf(docFreq=1794, maxDocs=43556)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1977)
          0.031088317 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 1977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.031088317 = score(doc=1977,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.07327993 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7929924 = boost
                3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.42424053 = fieldWeight in 1977, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1977)
          0.014357002 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 1977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.014357002 = score(doc=1977,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.06314465 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0384486 = boost
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.2273669 = fieldWeight in 1977, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1977)
          0.5785026 = weight(abstract_txt:green in 1977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.5785026 = score(doc=1977,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.74216 = queryWeight, product of:
                6.988441 = boost
                8.314507 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.779485 = fieldWeight in 1977, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.314507 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=43556)
                0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1977)
        0.2 = coord(5/25)
    
  5. Arora, S.K.; Li, Y.; Youtie, J.; Shapira, P.: Using the wayback machine to mine websites in the social sciences : a methodological resource (2016) 0.13
    0.12613556 = sum of:
      0.12613556 = product of:
        0.63067776 = sum of:
          0.013084355 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 48) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.013084355 = score(doc=48,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.050748385 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6682149 = boost
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.257828 = fieldWeight in 48, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                2.3817132 = idf(docFreq=10938, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=48)
          0.014655173 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 48) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.014655173 = score(doc=48,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.07327993 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7929924 = boost
                3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.1999889 = fieldWeight in 48, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=48)
          0.013535911 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 48) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.013535911 = score(doc=48,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.06314465 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.0384486 = boost
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.21436356 = fieldWeight in 48, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=48)
          0.043984845 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 48) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.043984845 = score(doc=48,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.12739882 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.1274302 = boost
                3.1893122 = idf(docFreq=4877, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.34525317 = fieldWeight in 48, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                3.1893122 = idf(docFreq=4877, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=48)
          0.5454175 = weight(abstract_txt:green in 48) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.5454175 = score(doc=48,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.74216 = queryWeight, product of:
                6.988441 = boost
                8.314507 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=43556)
                0.012772643 = queryNorm
              0.7349055 = fieldWeight in 48, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                8.314507 = idf(docFreq=28, maxDocs=43556)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=48)
        0.2 = coord(5/25)