Document (#38795)

Author

Gnoli, C.
Ridi, C.R.

Title

Unified Theory of Information, hypertextuality and levels of reality : without, within, and withal knowledge management

Source

Journal of documentation. 70(2014) no.3, S.443-460

Year

2014

Abstract

Purpose - The different senses of the term information in physical, biological and social interpretations, and the possibility of connections between them, are addressed. Special attention is paid to Hofkirchner's Unified Theory of Information (UTI), proposing an integrated view in which the notion of information gets additional properties as one moves from the physical to the biological and the social realms. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - UTI is compared to other views of information, especially to two theories complementing several ideas of it: the theory of the hypertextual documental universe ("docuverse") and the theory of integrative levels of reality. Two alternative applications of the complex of these three theories are discussed: a pragmatical, hermeneutic one, and a more ambitious realist, ontological one. The latter can be extended until considering information ("bit") together with matter-energy ("it") as a fundamental element in the world. Problems and opportunities with each view are discussed. Findings - It is found that the common ground for all three theories is an evolutionary approach, paying attention to the phylogenetic connections between the different meanings of information. Research limitations/implications - Other theories of information, like Leontiev's, are not discussed as not especially related to the focus of the approach. Originality/value - The paper builds on previously unnoticed affinities between different families of information-related theories, showing how each of them can provide fruitful complements to the other ones in clarifying the nature of information.

Theme

Information

Similar documents (author)

1. Ridi, R.: ¬La biblioteca virtuale come ipertesto (1996) 2.53

   2.5277746 = sum of:
     2.5277746 = product of:
       5.055549 = sum of:
         5.055549 = weight(author_txt:ridi in 5787) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           5.055549 = score(doc=5787,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.8308307 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2218387 = boost
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.069843 = queryNorm
             6.084933 = fieldWeight in 5787, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5787)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

2. Ridi, R.: Metadata and metatag : the indexer between author and reader (2000) 2.53

   2.5277746 = sum of:
     2.5277746 = product of:
       5.055549 = sum of:
         5.055549 = weight(author_txt:ridi in 1497) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           5.055549 = score(doc=1497,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.8308307 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2218387 = boost
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.069843 = queryNorm
             6.084933 = fieldWeight in 1497, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1497)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

3. Ridi, R.: Ethical values for knowledge organization (2013) 2.53

   2.5277746 = sum of:
     2.5277746 = product of:
       5.055549 = sum of:
         5.055549 = weight(author_txt:ridi in 2788) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           5.055549 = score(doc=2788,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.8308307 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2218387 = boost
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.069843 = queryNorm
             6.084933 = fieldWeight in 2788, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2788)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

4. Ridi, R.: Phenomena or noumena? : Objective and subjective aspects in knowledge organization (2016) 2.53

   2.5277746 = sum of:
     2.5277746 = product of:
       5.055549 = sum of:
         5.055549 = weight(author_txt:ridi in 162) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           5.055549 = score(doc=162,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.8308307 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2218387 = boost
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.069843 = queryNorm
             6.084933 = fieldWeight in 162, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=162)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

5. Ridi, R.: Hypertext (2018) 2.53

   2.5277746 = sum of:
     2.5277746 = product of:
       5.055549 = sum of:
         5.055549 = weight(author_txt:ridi in 823) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           5.055549 = score(doc=823,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.8308307 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2218387 = boost
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.069843 = queryNorm
             6.084933 = fieldWeight in 823, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               9.735892 = idf(docFreq=6, maxDocs=43556)
               0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=823)
       0.5 = coord(1/2)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Hjoerland, B.: Arguments for philosophical realism in library and information science (2004) 0.29

   0.29206207 = sum of:
     0.29206207 = product of:
       0.81128347 = sum of:
         0.2737522 = weight(abstract_txt:realist in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2737522 = score(doc=1955,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.21485607 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0370158 = boost
               9.116854 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             1.274119 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               9.116854 = idf(docFreq=12, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
         0.040875718 = weight(abstract_txt:view in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.040875718 = score(doc=1955,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13028252 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1420093 = boost
               5.019948 = idf(docFreq=781, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.31374675 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.019948 = idf(docFreq=781, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
         0.020289976 = weight(abstract_txt:between in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020289976 = score(doc=1955,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09349621 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1848658 = boost
               3.4722223 = idf(docFreq=3675, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.2170139 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4722223 = idf(docFreq=3675, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
         0.021260567 = weight(abstract_txt:other in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021260567 = score(doc=1955,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09645458 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2034655 = boost
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.2204205 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
         0.04815133 = weight(abstract_txt:attention in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04815133 = score(doc=1955,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14531644 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2061017 = boost
               5.30168 = idf(docFreq=589, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.331355 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.30168 = idf(docFreq=589, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
         0.14068796 = weight(abstract_txt:reality in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14068796 = score(doc=1955,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.2059239 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4357537 = boost
               6.311165 = idf(docFreq=214, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.68320364 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               6.311165 = idf(docFreq=214, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
         0.061168466 = weight(abstract_txt:theory in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.061168466 = score(doc=1955,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2147522 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0735302 = boost
               4.5573244 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.28483278 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5573244 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
         0.056452252 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.056452252 = score(doc=1955,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.15204413 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7586486 = boost
               2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.3712886 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
         0.14864494 = weight(abstract_txt:theories in 1955) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.14864494 = score(doc=1955,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4181409 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2348778 = boost
               5.6878414 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.3554901 = fieldWeight in 1955, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6878414 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1955)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

2. Poli, R.: Steps towards a synthetic methodology (2006) 0.28

   0.2780267 = sum of:
     0.2780267 = product of:
       0.77229637 = sum of:
         0.029905602 = weight(abstract_txt:three in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.029905602 = score(doc=3092,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10170916 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0090358 = boost
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.29403058 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
         0.0848312 = weight(abstract_txt:levels in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0848312 = score(doc=3092,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.14131503 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1893803 = boost
               5.2281775 = idf(docFreq=634, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.6002985 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.2281775 = idf(docFreq=634, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
         0.015945425 = weight(abstract_txt:other in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.015945425 = score(doc=3092,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09645458 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2034655 = boost
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.16531537 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
         0.018073311 = weight(abstract_txt:different in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018073311 = score(doc=3092,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10485535 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2547797 = boost
               3.6771033 = idf(docFreq=2994, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.17236422 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6771033 = idf(docFreq=2994, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
         0.019271733 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.019271733 = score(doc=3092,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10944081 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2819227 = boost
               3.7566452 = idf(docFreq=2765, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.17609274 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.7566452 = idf(docFreq=2765, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
         0.13622053 = weight(abstract_txt:reality in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13622053 = score(doc=3092,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.2059239 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4357537 = boost
               6.311165 = idf(docFreq=214, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.6615091 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               6.311165 = idf(docFreq=214, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
         0.0652125 = weight(abstract_txt:connections in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0652125 = score(doc=3092,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2154876 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4687155 = boost
               6.456056 = idf(docFreq=185, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.30262762 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.456056 = idf(docFreq=185, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
         0.1297579 = weight(abstract_txt:theory in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1297579 = score(doc=3092,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.2147522 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0735302 = boost
               4.5573244 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.6042215 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               4.5573244 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
         0.2730782 = weight(abstract_txt:theories in 3092) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2730782 = score(doc=3092,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.4181409 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2348778 = boost
               5.6878414 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.653077 = fieldWeight in 3092, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.6878414 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=43556)
               0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3092)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

3. Krebs, J.: Information transfer as a metaphor (2014) 0.22

   0.22201698 = sum of:
     0.22201698 = product of:
       0.6938031 = sum of:
         0.040875718 = weight(abstract_txt:view in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.040875718 = score(doc=393,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13028252 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1420093 = boost
               5.019948 = idf(docFreq=781, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.31374675 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.019948 = idf(docFreq=781, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
         0.021260567 = weight(abstract_txt:other in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021260567 = score(doc=393,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09645458 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2034655 = boost
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.2204205 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
         0.024097748 = weight(abstract_txt:different in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024097748 = score(doc=393,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10485535 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2547797 = boost
               3.6771033 = idf(docFreq=2994, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.22981896 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.6771033 = idf(docFreq=2994, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
         0.05969378 = weight(abstract_txt:physical in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05969378 = score(doc=393,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16769828 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2956594 = boost
               5.6953506 = idf(docFreq=397, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.35595942 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6953506 = idf(docFreq=397, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
         0.13102986 = weight(abstract_txt:unified in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13102986 = score(doc=393,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.22480851 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.500144 = boost
               6.5942063 = idf(docFreq=161, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.582851 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.5942063 = idf(docFreq=161, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
         0.08650527 = weight(abstract_txt:theory in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08650527 = score(doc=393,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2147522 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0735302 = boost
               4.5573244 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.40281436 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.5573244 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
         0.072879545 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.072879545 = score(doc=393,freq=10.0), product of:
             0.15204413 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7586486 = boost
               2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.47933152 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
               3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                 10.0 = termFreq=10.0
               2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
         0.2574606 = weight(abstract_txt:theories in 393) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2574606 = score(doc=393,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.4181409 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.2348778 = boost
               5.6878414 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.6157269 = fieldWeight in 393, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.6878414 = idf(docFreq=400, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=393)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)
   

4. Hjoerland, B.: ¬The foundation of information science : one world or three? A discussion of Gnoli (2018) (2019) 0.21

   0.20685115 = sum of:
     0.20685115 = product of:
       0.5171279 = sum of:
         0.028195271 = weight(abstract_txt:three in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028195271 = score(doc=912,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10170916 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0090358 = boost
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.27721468 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.435435 = idf(docFreq=1402, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.057806995 = weight(abstract_txt:view in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.057806995 = score(doc=912,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.13028252 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1420093 = boost
               5.019948 = idf(docFreq=781, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.4437049 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.019948 = idf(docFreq=781, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.07997961 = weight(abstract_txt:levels in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07997961 = score(doc=912,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.14131503 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1893803 = boost
               5.2281775 = idf(docFreq=634, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.5659668 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.2281775 = idf(docFreq=634, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.021260567 = weight(abstract_txt:other in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021260567 = score(doc=912,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09645458 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2034655 = boost
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.2204205 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.048195496 = weight(abstract_txt:different in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.048195496 = score(doc=912,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.10485535 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2547797 = boost
               3.6771033 = idf(docFreq=2994, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.4596379 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.6771033 = idf(docFreq=2994, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.025695644 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025695644 = score(doc=912,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.10944081 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2819227 = boost
               3.7566452 = idf(docFreq=2765, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.23479033 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.7566452 = idf(docFreq=2765, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.11487123 = weight(abstract_txt:reality in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.11487123 = score(doc=912,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2059239 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.4357537 = boost
               6.311165 = idf(docFreq=214, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.55783343 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.311165 = idf(docFreq=214, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.047361888 = weight(abstract_txt:discussed in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.047361888 = score(doc=912,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.16452263 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5717556 = boost
               4.6059937 = idf(docFreq=1182, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.2878746 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.6059937 = idf(docFreq=1182, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.061168466 = weight(abstract_txt:theory in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.061168466 = score(doc=912,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2147522 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0735302 = boost
               4.5573244 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.28483278 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.5573244 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
         0.03259272 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 912) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03259272 = score(doc=912,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15204413 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7586486 = boost
               2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.21436356 = fieldWeight in 912, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=912)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)
   

5. Bawden, D.: Organised complexity, meaning and understanding : an approach to a unified view of information for information science (2007) 0.21

   0.20667267 = sum of:
     0.20667267 = product of:
       0.6458521 = sum of:
         0.040875718 = weight(abstract_txt:view in 2814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.040875718 = score(doc=2814,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.13028252 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1420093 = boost
               5.019948 = idf(docFreq=781, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.31374675 = fieldWeight in 2814, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.019948 = idf(docFreq=781, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2814)
         0.020289976 = weight(abstract_txt:between in 2814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020289976 = score(doc=2814,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09349621 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1848658 = boost
               3.4722223 = idf(docFreq=3675, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.2170139 = fieldWeight in 2814, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4722223 = idf(docFreq=3675, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2814)
         0.021260567 = weight(abstract_txt:other in 2814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021260567 = score(doc=2814,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09645458 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2034655 = boost
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.2204205 = fieldWeight in 2814, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.526728 = idf(docFreq=3480, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2814)
         0.036339127 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 2814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.036339127 = score(doc=2814,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.10944081 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2819227 = boost
               3.7566452 = idf(docFreq=2765, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.33204365 = fieldWeight in 2814, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.7566452 = idf(docFreq=2765, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2814)
         0.10339266 = weight(abstract_txt:physical in 2814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10339266 = score(doc=2814,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.16769828 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2956594 = boost
               5.6953506 = idf(docFreq=397, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.6165398 = fieldWeight in 2814, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               5.6953506 = idf(docFreq=397, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2814)
         0.13102986 = weight(abstract_txt:unified in 2814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13102986 = score(doc=2814,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.22480851 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.500144 = boost
               6.5942063 = idf(docFreq=161, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.582851 = fieldWeight in 2814, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               6.5942063 = idf(docFreq=161, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2814)
         0.22352459 = weight(abstract_txt:biological in 2814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22352459 = score(doc=2814,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.28038344 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6753391 = boost
               7.3643146 = idf(docFreq=74, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.7972104 = fieldWeight in 2814, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               7.3643146 = idf(docFreq=74, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2814)
         0.06913961 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 2814) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06913961 = score(doc=2814,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.15204413 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.7586486 = boost
               2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
               0.022725701 = queryNorm
             0.4547338 = fieldWeight in 2814, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               2.425247 = idf(docFreq=10472, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2814)
       0.32 = coord(8/25)