Document (#41293)

Author
Lu, K.
Mao, J.
Li, G.
Title
Toward effective automated weighted subject indexing : a comparison of different approaches in different environments
Source
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.1, S.121-133
Year
2018
Abstract
Subject indexing plays an important role in supporting subject access to information resources. Current subject indexing systems do not make adequate distinctions on the importance of assigned subject descriptors. Assigning numeric weights to subject descriptors to distinguish their importance to the documents can strengthen the role of subject metadata. Automated methods are more cost-effective. This study compares different automated weighting methods in different environments. Two evaluation methods were used to assess the performance. Experiments on three datasets in the biomedical domain suggest the performance of different weighting methods depends on whether it is an abstract or full text environment. Mutual information with bag-of-words representation shows the best average performance in the full text environment, while cosine with bag-of-words representation is the best in an abstract environment. The cosine measure has relatively consistent and robust performance. A direct weighting method, IDF (Inverse Document Frequency), can produce quick and reasonable estimates of the weights. Bag-of-words representation generally outperforms the concept-based representation. Further improvement in performance can be obtained by using the learning-to-rank method to integrate different weighting methods. This study follows up Lu and Mao (Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 66, 1776-1784, 2015), in which an automated weighted subject indexing method was proposed and validated. The findings from this study contribute to more effective weighted subject indexing.
Content
Vgl.: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.23912/full.
Footnote
Vgl. das Erratum in JASIST 69(2018) no.7, S.956.
Theme
Automatisches Indexieren
Indexierungsstudien
Field
Medizin

Similar documents (content)

  1. Lu, K.; Mao, J.: ¬An automatic approach to weighted subject indexing : an empirical study in the biomedical domain (2015) 0.27
    0.26850685 = sum of:
      0.26850685 = product of:
        0.8390839 = sum of:
          0.025024002 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.025024002 = score(doc=4005,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.07001078 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.3574307 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
          0.022781638 = weight(abstract_txt:study in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.022781638 = score(doc=4005,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.075280204 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2699995 = boost
                3.423806 = idf(docFreq=3916, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.30262455 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.423806 = idf(docFreq=3916, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
          0.11178311 = weight(abstract_txt:descriptors in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11178311 = score(doc=4005,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.18989399 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6469223 = boost
                6.6599345 = idf(docFreq=153, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.5886606 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                6.6599345 = idf(docFreq=153, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
          0.051757112 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.051757112 = score(doc=4005,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.13009807 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6695468 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.3978315 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
          0.101653896 = weight(abstract_txt:weights in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.101653896 = score(doc=4005,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.2245707 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7909938 = boost
                7.24254 = idf(docFreq=85, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.45265874 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.24254 = idf(docFreq=85, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
          0.1914318 = weight(abstract_txt:weighted in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1914318 = score(doc=4005,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.31114793 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.5819428 = boost
                6.9606886 = idf(docFreq=113, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.61524373 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                6.9606886 = idf(docFreq=113, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
          0.17407463 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.17407463 = score(doc=4005,freq=10.0), product of:
              0.20249179 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.6890028 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.8596627 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
                3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                  10.0 = termFreq=10.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
          0.16057773 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 4005) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.16057773 = score(doc=4005,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.2940863 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.3477163 = boost
                3.9070187 = idf(docFreq=2415, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.5460225 = fieldWeight in 4005, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                3.9070187 = idf(docFreq=2415, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4005)
        0.32 = coord(8/25)
    
  2. Story, R.E.: ¬An explanation of the effectiveness of latent semantic indexing by means of a Baysian regression model (1996) 0.26
    0.26362693 = sum of:
      0.26362693 = product of:
        0.8238342 = sum of:
          0.111806795 = weight(abstract_txt:abstract in 1943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.111806795 = score(doc=1943,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.1647747 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.5341322 = boost
                6.203826 = idf(docFreq=242, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.67854345 = fieldWeight in 1943, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.203826 = idf(docFreq=242, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1943)
          0.06404616 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 1943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06404616 = score(doc=1943,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.13009807 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6695468 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.4922914 = fieldWeight in 1943, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1943)
          0.07945106 = weight(abstract_txt:effective in 1943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.07945106 = score(doc=1943,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15020184 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7939106 = boost
                4.8362236 = idf(docFreq=953, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.52896196 = fieldWeight in 1943, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.8362236 = idf(docFreq=953, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1943)
          0.10773926 = weight(abstract_txt:words in 1943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.10773926 = score(doc=1943,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.18401709 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.9856023 = boost
                5.353007 = idf(docFreq=568, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.5854851 = fieldWeight in 1943, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.353007 = idf(docFreq=568, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1943)
          0.08347444 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 1943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08347444 = score(doc=1943,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.18404643 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.5636058 = boost
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.453551 = fieldWeight in 1943, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1943)
          0.09633266 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 1943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09633266 = score(doc=1943,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.20249179 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.6890028 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.47573614 = fieldWeight in 1943, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1943)
          0.16476122 = weight(abstract_txt:automated in 1943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.16476122 = score(doc=1943,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.26883864 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.7712672 = boost
                5.6033173 = idf(docFreq=442, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.6128628 = fieldWeight in 1943, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.6033173 = idf(docFreq=442, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1943)
          0.116222605 = weight(abstract_txt:performance in 1943) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.116222605 = score(doc=1943,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.22948386 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.8626194 = boost
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.5064522 = fieldWeight in 1943, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1943)
        0.32 = coord(8/25)
    
  3. Fagan, J.L.: ¬The effectiveness of a nonsyntactic approach to automatic phrase indexing for document retrieval (1989) 0.26
    0.26096067 = sum of:
      0.26096067 = product of:
        0.6524016 = sum of:
          0.025024002 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.025024002 = score(doc=1845,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.07001078 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.3574307 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.016109051 = weight(abstract_txt:study in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.016109051 = score(doc=1845,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.075280204 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2699995 = boost
                3.423806 = idf(docFreq=3916, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.21398787 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.423806 = idf(docFreq=3916, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.050495412 = weight(abstract_txt:environments in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.050495412 = score(doc=1845,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.14085482 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.4184152 = boost
                5.735882 = idf(docFreq=387, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.3584926 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.735882 = idf(docFreq=387, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.1580852 = weight(abstract_txt:descriptors in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1580852 = score(doc=1845,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.18989399 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6469223 = boost
                6.6599345 = idf(docFreq=153, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.8324918 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                6.6599345 = idf(docFreq=153, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.051757112 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.051757112 = score(doc=1845,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.13009807 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6695468 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.3978315 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.045400605 = weight(abstract_txt:effective in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.045400605 = score(doc=1845,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15020184 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7939106 = boost
                4.8362236 = idf(docFreq=953, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.30226398 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.8362236 = idf(docFreq=953, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.0615653 = weight(abstract_txt:words in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0615653 = score(doc=1845,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.18401709 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.9856023 = boost
                5.353007 = idf(docFreq=568, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.33456293 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.353007 = idf(docFreq=568, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.067457534 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.067457534 = score(doc=1845,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.18404643 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.5636058 = boost
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.36652455 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.110094465 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.110094465 = score(doc=1845,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.20249179 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.6890028 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.54369843 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
          0.06641292 = weight(abstract_txt:performance in 1845) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.06641292 = score(doc=1845,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.22948386 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.8626194 = boost
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.28940126 = fieldWeight in 1845, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1845)
        0.4 = coord(10/25)
    
  4. Zhang, W.; Yoshida, T.; Tang, X.: ¬A comparative study of TF*IDF, LSI and multi-words for text classification (2011) 0.26
    0.26080593 = sum of:
      0.26080593 = product of:
        0.8150186 = sum of:
          0.058519527 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 1165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.058519527 = score(doc=1165,freq=7.0), product of:
              0.07001078 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.8358645 = fieldWeight in 1165, product of:
                2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                  7.0 = termFreq=7.0
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1165)
          0.042212628 = weight(abstract_txt:best in 1165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.042212628 = score(doc=1165,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.10771892 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2404051 = boost
                5.0160327 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.39187756 = fieldWeight in 1165, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.0160327 = idf(docFreq=796, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1165)
          0.1385036 = weight(abstract_txt:representation in 1165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1385036 = score(doc=1165,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.20778175 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.4363306 = boost
                4.926098 = idf(docFreq=871, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.6665821 = fieldWeight in 1165, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                4.926098 = idf(docFreq=871, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1165)
          0.08432192 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 1165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08432192 = score(doc=1165,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.18404643 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.5636058 = boost
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.4581557 = fieldWeight in 1165, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1165)
          0.09731068 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 1165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.09731068 = score(doc=1165,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.20249179 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.6890028 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.48056605 = fieldWeight in 1165, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1165)
          0.049417745 = weight(abstract_txt:different in 1165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.049417745 = score(doc=1165,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.17256768 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.7193048 = boost
                3.6655018 = idf(docFreq=3075, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.28636733 = fieldWeight in 1165, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.6655018 = idf(docFreq=3075, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1165)
          0.11740255 = weight(abstract_txt:performance in 1165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.11740255 = score(doc=1165,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.22948386 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.8626194 = boost
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.51159394 = fieldWeight in 1165, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.63042 = idf(docFreq=1171, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1165)
          0.22732998 = weight(abstract_txt:weighting in 1165) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.22732998 = score(doc=1165,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.41697648 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.4513445 = boost
                6.9783883 = idf(docFreq=111, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.5451866 = fieldWeight in 1165, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.9783883 = idf(docFreq=111, maxDocs=44218)
                0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1165)
        0.32 = coord(8/25)
    
  5. Suominen, O.; Koskenniemi, I.: Annif Analyzer Shootout : comparing text lemmatization methods for automated subject indexing (2022) 0.25
    0.24812338 = sum of:
      0.24812338 = product of:
        0.6892316 = sum of:
          0.04681562 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04681562 = score(doc=658,freq=7.0), product of:
              0.07001078 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.6686916 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                  7.0 = termFreq=7.0
                4.0438666 = idf(docFreq=2106, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
          0.036597807 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.036597807 = score(doc=658,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.13009807 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.6695468 = boost
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.28130937 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.50095 = idf(docFreq=1333, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
          0.045400605 = weight(abstract_txt:effective in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.045400605 = score(doc=658,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.15020184 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7939106 = boost
                4.8362236 = idf(docFreq=953, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.30226398 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.8362236 = idf(docFreq=953, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
          0.0615653 = weight(abstract_txt:words in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0615653 = score(doc=658,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.18401709 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.9856023 = boost
                5.353007 = idf(docFreq=568, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.33456293 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                5.353007 = idf(docFreq=568, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
          0.116839886 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.116839886 = score(doc=658,freq=6.0), product of:
              0.18404643 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.5636058 = boost
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.6348392 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                  6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                4.146752 = idf(docFreq=1900, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
          0.077848546 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.077848546 = score(doc=658,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.20249179 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.6890028 = boost
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.38445285 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.3495874 = idf(docFreq=1551, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
          0.039534196 = weight(abstract_txt:different in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.039534196 = score(doc=658,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.17256768 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.7193048 = boost
                3.6655018 = idf(docFreq=3075, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.22909386 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.6655018 = idf(docFreq=3075, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
          0.1630713 = weight(abstract_txt:automated in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.1630713 = score(doc=658,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.26883864 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.7712672 = boost
                5.6033173 = idf(docFreq=442, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.60657686 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                5.6033173 = idf(docFreq=442, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
          0.10155827 = weight(abstract_txt:subject in 658) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.10155827 = score(doc=658,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.2940863 = queryWeight, product of:
                4.3477163 = boost
                3.9070187 = idf(docFreq=2415, maxDocs=44218)
                0.017312832 = queryNorm
              0.34533492 = fieldWeight in 658, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.9070187 = idf(docFreq=2415, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=658)
        0.36 = coord(9/25)