Document (#41425)

Author: Zudnik, J.
Title: Artifizielle Semantik : Wider das Chinesische Zimmer
Imprint: Wien : GRIN Publishing
Year: 2017
Pages: 57 S
Abstract: "Talks at Google" hatte kürzlich einen Star zu Gast (Google 2016). Der gefeierte Philosoph referierte in gewohnt charmanter Art sein berühmtes Gedankenexperiment, welches er vor 35 Jahren ersonnen hatte. Aber es war keine reine Geschichtslektion, sondern er bestand darauf, daß die Implikationen nach wie vor Gültigkeit besaßen. Die Rede ist natürlich von John Searle und dem Chinesischen Zimmer. Searle eroberte damit ab 1980 die Welt der Philosophie des Geistes, indem er bewies, daß man Computer besprechen kann, ohne etwas von ihnen zu verstehen. In seinen Worten, man könne ohnehin die zugrunde liegenden Konzepte dieser damned things in 5 Minuten erfassen. Dagegen verblassten die scheuen Einwände des AI-Starapologeten Ray Kurzweil der im Publikum saß, die jüngste Akquisition in Googles Talentpool. Searle wirkte wie die reine Verkörperung seiner Thesen, daß Berechnung, Logik und harte Fakten angesichts der vollen Entfaltung polyvalenter Sprachspiele eines menschlichen Bewußtseins im sozialen Raum der Kultur keine Macht über uns besitzen. Doch obwohl große Uneinigkeit bezüglich der Gültigkeit des chinesischen Zimmers besteht, und die logische Struktur des Arguments schon vor Jahrzehnten widerlegt worden ist, u. a. von Copeland (1993), wird erstaunlicherweise noch immer damit gehandelt. Es hat sich von einem speziellen Werkzeug zur Widerlegung der Starken AI These, wonach künstliche Intelligenz mit einer symbolverarbeitenden Rechenmaschine geschaffen werden kann, zu einem Argument für all die Fälle entwickelt, in welchen sich Philosophen des Geistes mit unbequemen Fragen bezüglich der Berechenbarkeit des menschlichen Geistes auseinandersetzen hätten können. Es ist also mit den Jahrzehnten zu einer Immunisierungs- und Konservierungsstrategie für all jene geworden, die sich Zeit erkaufen wollten, sich mit der wirklichen Komplexität auseinander zu setzen. Denn die Definition von Sinn ist eben plastisch, vor allem wenn die Pointe der Searlschen Geschichte noch immer eine hohe Suggestionskraft besitzt, da ihre Konklusion, man könne nicht von einer computationalen Syntax zu einer Semantik kommen, noch immer unzureichend widerlegt ist.
Content: Vgl.: https://www.grin.com/document/368389.
Footnote: Bachelorarbeit aus dem Jahr 2016 im Fachbereich Philosophie - Sonstiges, Note: 2, Universität Wien (Philosophie).
Field: Philosophie
Informatik

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