Document (#41461)

Author

Ayadi, H.
Torjmen-Khemakhem, M.
Daoud, M.
Xiangji Huang, J.
Ben Jemaa, M.

Title

MF-Re-Rank : a modality feature-based re-ranking model for medical image retrieval

Source

Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 69(2018) no.9, S.1095-1108

Year

2018

Abstract

One of the main challenges in medical image retrieval is the increasing volume of image data, which render it difficult for domain experts to find relevant information from large data sets. Effective and efficient medical image retrieval systems are required to better manage medical image information. Text-based image retrieval (TBIR) was very successful in retrieving images with textual descriptions. Several TBIR approaches rely on models based on bag-of-words approaches, in which the image retrieval problem turns into one of standard text-based information retrieval; where the meanings and values of specific medical entities in the text and metadata are ignored in the image representation and retrieval process. However, we believe that TBIR should extract specific medical entities and terms and then exploit these elements to achieve better image retrieval results. Therefore, we propose a novel reranking method based on medical-image-dependent features. These features are manually selected by a medical expert from imaging modalities and medical terminology. First, we represent queries and images using only medical-image-dependent features such as image modality and image scale. Second, we exploit the defined features in a new reranking method for medical image retrieval. Our motivation is the large influence of image modality in medical image retrieval and its impact on image-relevance scores. To evaluate our approach, we performed a series of experiments on the medical ImageCLEF data sets from 2009 to 2013. The BM25 model, a language model, and an image-relevance feedback model are used as baselines to evaluate our approach. The experimental results show that compared to the BM25 model, the proposed model significantly enhances image retrieval performance. We also compared our approach with other state-of-the-art approaches and show that our approach performs comparably to those of the top three runs in the official ImageCLEF competition.

Content

Vgl.: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24045.

Theme

Retrievalalgorithmen

Field

Medizin

Form

Bilder

Similar documents (author)

1. Huang, G.W.: Accessing information in an information society (1989) 4.53

   4.5275173 = sum of:
     4.5275173 = weight(author_txt:huang in 3566) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.5275173 = fieldWeight in 3566, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         7.244028 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=43254)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=3566)
   

2. Huang, X.: Applying a generic function-based topical relevance typology to structure clinical questions and answers (2013) 4.53

   4.5275173 = sum of:
     4.5275173 = weight(author_txt:huang in 1995) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       4.5275173 = fieldWeight in 1995, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         7.244028 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=43254)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1995)
   

3. Huang, J. Xiangji => Xiangji Huang, J.: 3.84

   3.8417258 = sum of:
     3.8417258 = weight(author_txt:huang in 235) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.8417258 = fieldWeight in 235, product of:
         1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
           2.0 = termFreq=2.0
         7.244028 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=43254)
         0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=235)
   

4. Huang, M.-H.: Developing an ideal online thesaurus display format (1994) 3.62

   3.622014 = sum of:
     3.622014 = weight(author_txt:huang in 5099) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.622014 = fieldWeight in 5099, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         7.244028 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=43254)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=5099)
   

5. Huang, M.-h.: End-users' searching behaviour : changes in search type over time (1996) 3.62

   3.622014 = sum of:
     3.622014 = weight(author_txt:huang in 6197) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       3.622014 = fieldWeight in 6197, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         7.244028 = idf(docFreq=83, maxDocs=43254)
         0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=6197)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Ayadi, H.; Torjmen-Khemakhem, M.; Daoud, M.; Huang, J.X.; Jemaa, M.B.: Mining correlations between medically dependent features and image retrieval models for query classification (2017) 0.63

   0.6290936 = sum of:
     0.6290936 = product of:
       1.3106117 = sum of:
         0.013148757 = weight(abstract_txt:show in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013148757 = score(doc=5072,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04736038 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.442112 = idf(docFreq=1383, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.277632 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.442112 = idf(docFreq=1383, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.013370872 = weight(abstract_txt:large in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013370872 = score(doc=5072,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.047892243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0055994 = boost
               4.466985 = idf(docFreq=1349, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.27918658 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.466985 = idf(docFreq=1349, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.008528067 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008528067 = score(doc=5072,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.040621523 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1342692 = boost
               3.3590338 = idf(docFreq=4087, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.20993961 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3590338 = idf(docFreq=4087, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.020826677 = weight(abstract_txt:sets in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020826677 = score(doc=5072,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06435348 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1656775 = boost
               5.17807 = idf(docFreq=662, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.32362938 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.17807 = idf(docFreq=662, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.022908127 = weight(abstract_txt:evaluate in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022908127 = score(doc=5072,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06857278 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2032845 = boost
               5.3451242 = idf(docFreq=560, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.33407027 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3451242 = idf(docFreq=560, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.04797453 = weight(abstract_txt:exploit in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04797453 = score(doc=5072,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1122447 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5394846 = boost
               6.838563 = idf(docFreq=125, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.4274102 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.838563 = idf(docFreq=125, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.02132503 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02132503 = score(doc=5072,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.061521187 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.802083 = boost
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.34662902 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.06924064 = weight(abstract_txt:features in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06924064 = score(doc=5072,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.09939373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0487404 = boost
               4.550367 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.6966298 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.550367 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.040966954 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.040966954 = score(doc=5072,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.11564981 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.706609 = boost
               4.0076866 = idf(docFreq=2136, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.3542328 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.0076866 = idf(docFreq=2136, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.08443166 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08443166 = score(doc=5072,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.15893984 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.296256 = boost
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.53121775 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.38270146 = weight(abstract_txt:medical in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.38270146 = score(doc=5072,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.52684546 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.503364 = boost
               5.811214 = idf(docFreq=351, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.72640175 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.811214 = idf(docFreq=351, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
         0.5851889 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 5072) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.5851889 = score(doc=5072,freq=7.0), product of:
             0.6585134 = queryWeight, product of:
               11.493083 = boost
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.8886515 = fieldWeight in 5072, product of:
               2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
                 7.0 = termFreq=7.0
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5072)
       0.48 = coord(12/25)
   

2. Seco de Herrera, A.G.; Schaer, R.; Müller, H.: Shangri-La : a medical case-based retrieval tool (2017) 0.61

   0.61407876 = sum of:
     0.61407876 = product of:
       1.0965692 = sum of:
         0.013148757 = weight(abstract_txt:show in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013148757 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04736038 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.442112 = idf(docFreq=1383, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.277632 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.442112 = idf(docFreq=1383, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.013370872 = weight(abstract_txt:large in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013370872 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.047892243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0055994 = boost
               4.466985 = idf(docFreq=1349, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.27918658 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.466985 = idf(docFreq=1349, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.018970234 = weight(abstract_txt:compared in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018970234 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.060470074 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.129959 = boost
               5.0194044 = idf(docFreq=776, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.31371278 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0194044 = idf(docFreq=776, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.008528067 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008528067 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.040621523 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1342692 = boost
               3.3590338 = idf(docFreq=4087, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.20993961 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3590338 = idf(docFreq=4087, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.03379662 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03379662 = score(doc=5389,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07053384 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2203691 = boost
               5.421016 = idf(docFreq=519, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.47915465 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.421016 = idf(docFreq=519, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.021135047 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021135047 = score(doc=5389,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.05904475 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3675042 = boost
               4.049738 = idf(docFreq=2048, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.35794964 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.049738 = idf(docFreq=2048, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.022484835 = weight(abstract_txt:approaches in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022484835 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.07752628 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.5669767 = boost
               4.640457 = idf(docFreq=1134, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.29002857 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.640457 = idf(docFreq=1134, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.035543215 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.035543215 = score(doc=5389,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.067714736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6910211 = boost
               3.7558525 = idf(docFreq=2748, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.5248963 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.7558525 = idf(docFreq=2748, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.012312012 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.012312012 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.061521187 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.802083 = boost
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.20012636 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.028267372 = weight(abstract_txt:features in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028267372 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09939373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0487404 = boost
               4.550367 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.28439793 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.550367 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.15552661 = weight(abstract_txt:modality in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.15552661 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.28144416 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.9856176 = boost
               8.841632 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.552602 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               8.841632 = idf(docFreq=16, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.08443166 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08443166 = score(doc=5389,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.15893984 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.296256 = boost
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.53121775 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.42787322 = weight(abstract_txt:medical in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.42787322 = score(doc=5389,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.52684546 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.503364 = boost
               5.811214 = idf(docFreq=351, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.81214184 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               5.811214 = idf(docFreq=351, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
         0.22118063 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 5389) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.22118063 = score(doc=5389,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.6585134 = queryWeight, product of:
               11.493083 = boost
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.3358787 = fieldWeight in 5389, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=5389)
       0.56 = coord(14/25)
   

3. Névéol, A.; Deserno, T.M.; Darmoni, S.J.; Güld, M.O.; Aronson, A.R.: Natural language processing versus content-based image analysis for medical document retrieval (2009) 0.42

   0.42053184 = sum of:
     0.42053184 = product of:
       1.168144 = sum of:
         0.018970234 = weight(abstract_txt:compared in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018970234 = score(doc=4703,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.060470074 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.129959 = boost
               5.0194044 = idf(docFreq=776, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.31371278 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0194044 = idf(docFreq=776, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
         0.020826677 = weight(abstract_txt:sets in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.020826677 = score(doc=4703,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06435348 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1656775 = boost
               5.17807 = idf(docFreq=662, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.32362938 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.17807 = idf(docFreq=662, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
         0.03379662 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03379662 = score(doc=4703,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07053384 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2203691 = boost
               5.421016 = idf(docFreq=519, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.47915465 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.421016 = idf(docFreq=519, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
         0.042270094 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.042270094 = score(doc=4703,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.05904475 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3675042 = boost
               4.049738 = idf(docFreq=2048, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.7158993 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               4.049738 = idf(docFreq=2048, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
         0.030158147 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.030158147 = score(doc=4703,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.061521187 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.802083 = boost
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.4902075 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
         0.028267372 = weight(abstract_txt:features in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028267372 = score(doc=4703,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.09939373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0487404 = boost
               4.550367 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.28439793 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.550367 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
         0.0597022 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0597022 = score(doc=4703,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.15893984 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.296256 = boost
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.37562767 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
         0.27061078 = weight(abstract_txt:medical in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.27061078 = score(doc=4703,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.52684546 = queryWeight, product of:
               8.503364 = boost
               5.811214 = idf(docFreq=351, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.51364356 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.811214 = idf(docFreq=351, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
         0.66354185 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 4703) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.66354185 = score(doc=4703,freq=9.0), product of:
             0.6585134 = queryWeight, product of:
               11.493083 = boost
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             1.0076361 = fieldWeight in 4703, product of:
               3.0 = tf(freq=9.0), with freq of:
                 9.0 = termFreq=9.0
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4703)
       0.36 = coord(9/25)
   

4. Lu, W.; Ding, H.; Jiang, J.: ¬A document expansion framework for tag-based image retrieval (2018) 0.37

   0.37312233 = sum of:
     0.37312233 = product of:
       0.8480053 = sum of:
         0.013148757 = weight(abstract_txt:show in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013148757 = score(doc=631,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.04736038 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.442112 = idf(docFreq=1383, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.277632 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.442112 = idf(docFreq=1383, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.02387334 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02387334 = score(doc=631,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.048872035 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0158337 = boost
               4.5124474 = idf(docFreq=1289, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.48848674 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.5124474 = idf(docFreq=1289, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.023260733 = weight(abstract_txt:better in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.023260733 = score(doc=631,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.05498332 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0774767 = boost
               4.7862725 = idf(docFreq=980, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.4230507 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.7862725 = idf(docFreq=980, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.04779564 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04779564 = score(doc=631,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.07053384 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2203691 = boost
               5.421016 = idf(docFreq=519, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.677627 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               5.421016 = idf(docFreq=519, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.021135047 = weight(abstract_txt:text in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.021135047 = score(doc=631,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.05904475 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.3675042 = boost
               4.049738 = idf(docFreq=2048, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.35794964 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.049738 = idf(docFreq=2048, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.03179082 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03179082 = score(doc=631,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.067714736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6910211 = boost
               3.7558525 = idf(docFreq=2748, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.46948156 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.7558525 = idf(docFreq=2748, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.027530497 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.027530497 = score(doc=631,freq=5.0), product of:
             0.061521187 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.802083 = boost
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.44749618 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                 5.0 = termFreq=5.0
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.0399761 = weight(abstract_txt:features in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0399761 = score(doc=631,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.09939373 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.0487404 = boost
               4.550367 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.40219942 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               4.550367 = idf(docFreq=1241, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.028968012 = weight(abstract_txt:model in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.028968012 = score(doc=631,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.11564981 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.706609 = boost
               4.0076866 = idf(docFreq=2136, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.2504804 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.0076866 = idf(docFreq=2136, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.04874664 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04874664 = score(doc=631,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15893984 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.296256 = boost
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.3066987 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
         0.5417797 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 631) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.5417797 = score(doc=631,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.6585134 = queryWeight, product of:
               11.493083 = boost
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.82273144 = fieldWeight in 631, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=631)
       0.44 = coord(11/25)
   

5. Li, Y.; Xu, S.; Luo, X.; Lin, S.: ¬A new algorithm for product image search based on salient edge characterization (2014) 0.37

   0.36801466 = sum of:
     0.36801466 = product of:
       0.9200367 = sum of:
         0.013370872 = weight(abstract_txt:large in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.013370872 = score(doc=3017,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.047892243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0055994 = boost
               4.466985 = idf(docFreq=1349, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.27918658 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.466985 = idf(docFreq=1349, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.033762004 = weight(abstract_txt:method in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.033762004 = score(doc=3017,freq=6.0), product of:
             0.048872035 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0158337 = boost
               4.5124474 = idf(docFreq=1289, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.6908246 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                 6.0 = termFreq=6.0
               4.5124474 = idf(docFreq=1289, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.018970234 = weight(abstract_txt:compared in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.018970234 = score(doc=3017,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.060470074 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.129959 = boost
               5.0194044 = idf(docFreq=776, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.31371278 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.0194044 = idf(docFreq=776, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.008528067 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.008528067 = score(doc=3017,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.040621523 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1342692 = boost
               3.3590338 = idf(docFreq=4087, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.20993961 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.3590338 = idf(docFreq=4087, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.022908127 = weight(abstract_txt:evaluate in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.022908127 = score(doc=3017,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06857278 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2032845 = boost
               5.3451242 = idf(docFreq=560, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.33407027 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.3451242 = idf(docFreq=560, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.03379662 = weight(abstract_txt:images in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.03379662 = score(doc=3017,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.07053384 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.2203691 = boost
               5.421016 = idf(docFreq=519, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.47915465 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               5.421016 = idf(docFreq=519, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.01589541 = weight(abstract_txt:approach in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.01589541 = score(doc=3017,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.067714736 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.6910211 = boost
               3.7558525 = idf(docFreq=2748, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.23474078 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.7558525 = idf(docFreq=2748, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.024624024 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.024624024 = score(doc=3017,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.061521187 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.802083 = boost
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.40025273 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.2020218 = idf(docFreq=4782, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.04874664 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04874664 = score(doc=3017,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.15893984 = queryWeight, product of:
               4.296256 = boost
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             0.3066987 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4699 = idf(docFreq=3658, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
         0.69943464 = weight(abstract_txt:image in 3017) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.69943464 = score(doc=3017,freq=10.0), product of:
             0.6585134 = queryWeight, product of:
               11.493083 = boost
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.01066168 = queryNorm
             1.0621418 = fieldWeight in 3017, product of:
               3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                 10.0 = termFreq=10.0
               5.374059 = idf(docFreq=544, maxDocs=43254)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3017)
       0.4 = coord(10/25)