Document (#41527)

Author
Pearl, J.
Harnett, K.
Title
¬Die Zukunft der KI
Source
Spektrum der Wissenschaft. 2018, H.11, S.72-76
Year
2018
Series
Interview
Abstract
Judea Pearl ist ein Pionier im Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz. Der Informatiker glaubt, dass sein viel beachtetes Forschungsgebiet in Wirklichkeit in der Klemme steckt: Es habe sich seit Jahrzehnten kaum weiterentwickelt. Der Ausweg besteht ihm zufolge darin, den Systemen beizubringen, nach dem Warum zu fragen.
Content
Interessante Fragen und Antworten: Denken Sie, dass es in Zukunft Roboter mit einem freien Willen geben wird? Auf jeden Fall. Wir müssen verstehen, wie man sie programmiert und was wir davon haben könnten. Das Gefühl eines freien Willens scheint ja evolutionär wünschenswert zu sein. Inwiefern? Menschen haben das Gefühl eines freien Willens; die Evolution hat uns damit ausgestattet. Offensichtlich erfüllt es einen gewissen Zweck, der sich rechnet. Woran werden wir merken, dass Roboter einen freien Willen haben? Sobald sie anfangen, kontraproduktiv miteinander zu kommunizieren, etwa durch Aussagen wie »Du hättest es besser machen sollen«. Wenn eine Fußballmannschaft aus Robotern beginnt, so zu kommunizieren, dann haben sie ein Gefühl des freien Willens. »Du hättest es tun sollen« bedeutet, dass das Gegenüber frei entscheiden konnte. Die ersten Anzeichen werden also in der Kommunikation zu finden sein, die nächsten in besserem Fußball. Woher werden wir also wissen, ob eine Maschine in der Lage ist, böse zu sein? Wenn wir bemerken, dass ein Roboter einige Softwarekomponenten konsequent ignoriert, während er andere befolgt. Dann ist auch ein Roboter zu Bösem fähig.
Field
Informatik

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