Document (#42422)

Author
Zimmer, D.E.
Title
Autorität, Schreckenswort einer Epoche
Source
ZEIT Nr. 33 vom 07. August 1981 und Nr. 34 vom 14. August 1981, [http://www.d-e-zimmer.de/HTML/1981autoritaet.htm]
Year
1981
Abstract
Das Phänomen Autorität ist von einer irritierenden Ubiquität. Wo wir auch hinsehen, stoßen wir auf Hierarchien: in den Familien, in den Schulen und Universitäten, ganz besonders krass beim Militär, im Beruf, im Staat, in allen Organisationen. Als bekäme der Mensch gar nicht genug davon, hat er sich in den Religionen noch eine überlebensgroße Hierarchie von göttlichen Übervätern dazu geschaffen. Allen Träumen von einem autoritätsfreien Leben zum Trotz leben wir, manchmal nur allzu willig, manchmal widerstrebend, bald selber Autorität ausübend, bald uns fremder Autorität fügend, inmitten eines dichten Netzes von Hierarchien. "Autorität": Es ist dies einer jener schillernden großflächigen Begriffe, die hilfreicher scheinen, als sie sind. Definiert ist er schnell oder nie: Autorität ist ein "maßgebender Einfluss auf andere"; autoritär ist also derjenige, der einen maßgebenden Einfluss auf andere ausübt. Der Begriff fasst Übereinstimmendes in den verschiedensten Lebensbereichen zusammen, und damit schärft er unseren Blick für geheime Gleichartigkeiten. Aber er behandelt auch Verschiedenstes als gleich, und dann verbindet er die Eltern, die ihren Sohn zum Musikunterricht schicken, mit den Folterknechten eines Himmler. Ist nicht beide Male "Autorität" im Spiel?
Content
Erweiterte Fassung in Dieter E. Zimmer: Die Vernunft der Gefühle - Ursprung, Natur und Sinn der menschlichen Emotion. München: R. Piper & Co. Verlag, 1981, S. 194-232.
Field
Psychologie
Soziologie

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