Document (#43607)

Author
Fang, Z.
Dudek, J.
Costas, R.
Title
Facing the volatility of tweets in altmetric research
Source
Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 73(2022) no.8, S.1192-1195
Year
2022
Series
Brief communication
Abstract
The data re-collection for tweets from data snapshots is a common methodological step in Twitter-based research. Understanding better the volatility of tweets over time is important for validating the reliability of metrics based on Twitter data. We tracked a set of 37,918 original scholarly tweets mentioning COVID-19-related research daily for 56 days and captured the reasons for the changes in their availability over time. Results show that the proportion of unavailable tweets increased from 1.6 to 2.6% in the time window observed. Of the 1,323 tweets that became unavailable at some point in the period observed, 30.5% became available again afterwards. "Revived" tweets resulted mainly from the unprotecting, reactivating, or unsuspending of users' accounts. Our findings highlight the importance of noting this dynamic nature of Twitter data in altmetric research and testify to the challenges that this poses for the retrieval, processing, and interpretation of Twitter data about scientific papers.
Content
https://asistdl.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/asi.24624. Vgl.: https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.24624.
Theme
Informetrie
Object
Altmetric

Similar documents (author)

  1. Fang, Z.; Dudek, J.; Costas, R.: ¬The stability of Twitter metrics : a study on unavailable Twitter mentions of scientific publications (2020) 4.57
    4.572856 = sum of:
      4.572856 = sum of:
        2.1403432 = weight(author_txt:fang in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          2.1403432 = score(doc=35,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.6763507 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.43879 = idf(docFreq=25, maxDocs=44218)
              0.080147825 = queryNorm
            3.1645465 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              8.43879 = idf(docFreq=25, maxDocs=44218)
              0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
        2.432513 = weight(author_txt:costas in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          2.432513 = score(doc=35,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.7365798 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.0435756 = boost
              8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
              0.080147825 = queryNorm
            3.3024435 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
              0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
    
  2. Fang, Z.; Costas, R.; Tian, W.; Wang, X.; Wouters, P.: How is science clicked on Twitter? : click metrics for Bitly short links to scientific publications (2021) 3.81
    3.8107133 = sum of:
      3.8107133 = sum of:
        1.7836193 = weight(author_txt:fang in 265) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          1.7836193 = score(doc=265,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.6763507 = queryWeight, product of:
              8.43879 = idf(docFreq=25, maxDocs=44218)
              0.080147825 = queryNorm
            2.637122 = fieldWeight in 265, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              8.43879 = idf(docFreq=25, maxDocs=44218)
              0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=265)
        2.0270941 = weight(author_txt:costas in 265) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
          2.0270941 = score(doc=265,freq=1.0), product of:
            0.7365798 = queryWeight, product of:
              1.0435756 = boost
              8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
              0.080147825 = queryNorm
            2.752036 = fieldWeight in 265, product of:
              1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                1.0 = termFreq=1.0
              8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
              0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=265)
    
  3. Costas, B.R.: Typefaces, fonts, and types : toward a classification of fifteenth-century gothic "types" (2016) 2.03
    2.0270941 = sum of:
      2.0270941 = product of:
        4.0541883 = sum of:
          4.0541883 = weight(author_txt:costas in 5131) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            4.0541883 = score(doc=5131,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.7365798 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0435756 = boost
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.080147825 = queryNorm
              5.504072 = fieldWeight in 5131, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=5131)
        0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
  4. Rial Costas, B. => Costas, B.R.: 2.01
    2.0067208 = sum of:
      2.0067208 = product of:
        4.0134416 = sum of:
          4.0134416 = weight(author_txt:costas in 1897) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            4.0134416 = score(doc=1897,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.7365798 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0435756 = boost
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.080147825 = queryNorm
              5.4487534 = fieldWeight in 1897, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.4375 = fieldNorm(doc=1897)
        0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
  5. Fang, L.: ¬A developing search service : heterogeneous resources integration and retrieval system (2004) 1.78
    1.7836193 = sum of:
      1.7836193 = product of:
        3.5672386 = sum of:
          3.5672386 = weight(author_txt:fang in 1193) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            3.5672386 = score(doc=1193,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.6763507 = queryWeight, product of:
                8.43879 = idf(docFreq=25, maxDocs=44218)
                0.080147825 = queryNorm
              5.274244 = fieldWeight in 1193, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.43879 = idf(docFreq=25, maxDocs=44218)
                0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1193)
        0.5 = coord(1/2)
    

Similar documents (content)

  1. Ortega, J.L.: ¬The presence of academic journals on Twitter and its relationship with dissemination (tweets) and research impact (citations) (2017) 0.39
    0.39363113 = sum of:
      0.39363113 = product of:
        1.4058255 = sum of:
          0.007435489 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 4410) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.007435489 = score(doc=4410,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.0289879 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.2565032 = fieldWeight in 4410, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4410)
          0.042764105 = weight(abstract_txt:accounts in 4410) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.042764105 = score(doc=4410,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.093052916 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0344179 = boost
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.4595676 = fieldWeight in 4410, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4410)
          0.009635323 = weight(abstract_txt:from in 4410) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.009635323 = score(doc=4410,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.03944134 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1664536 = boost
                2.7638826 = idf(docFreq=7577, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.24429502 = fieldWeight in 4410, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                2.7638826 = idf(docFreq=7577, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4410)
          0.023746988 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 4410) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.023746988 = score(doc=4410,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.06919303 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.783989 = boost
                3.170338 = idf(docFreq=5046, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.34319913 = fieldWeight in 4410, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                3.170338 = idf(docFreq=5046, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4410)
          0.16817456 = weight(abstract_txt:altmetric in 4410) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.16817456 = score(doc=4410,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.29209712 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.5918486 = boost
                9.211981 = idf(docFreq=11, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.5757488 = fieldWeight in 4410, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                9.211981 = idf(docFreq=11, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4410)
          0.34890243 = weight(abstract_txt:twitter in 4410) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.34890243 = score(doc=4410,freq=6.0), product of:
              0.32944477 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.8927124 = boost
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              1.059062 = fieldWeight in 4410, product of:
                2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                  6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4410)
          0.8051666 = weight(abstract_txt:tweets in 4410) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.8051666 = score(doc=4410,freq=6.0), product of:
              0.69329244 = queryWeight, product of:
                7.4703035 = boost
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              1.1613665 = fieldWeight in 4410, product of:
                2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                  6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4410)
        0.28 = coord(7/25)
    
  2. Fang, Z.; Dudek, J.; Costas, R.: ¬The stability of Twitter metrics : a study on unavailable Twitter mentions of scientific publications (2020) 0.38
    0.3834283 = sum of:
      0.3834283 = product of:
        1.1982135 = sum of:
          0.0042928816 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0042928816 = score(doc=35,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.0289879 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.1480922 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
          0.042764105 = weight(abstract_txt:accounts in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.042764105 = score(doc=35,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.093052916 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0344179 = boost
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.4595676 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
          0.023264363 = weight(abstract_txt:over in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.023264363 = score(doc=35,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.06201135 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1942124 = boost
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.375163 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
          0.04784137 = weight(abstract_txt:observed in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.04784137 = score(doc=35,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.12634444 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7046062 = boost
                6.0585327 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.3786583 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.0585327 = idf(docFreq=280, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
          0.0230363 = weight(abstract_txt:time in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0230363 = score(doc=35,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.08885038 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7507385 = boost
                4.148331 = idf(docFreq=1897, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.2592707 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.148331 = idf(docFreq=1897, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
          0.14172024 = weight(abstract_txt:unavailable in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.14172024 = score(doc=35,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.26060033 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.4481244 = boost
                8.701155 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.54382217 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                8.701155 = idf(docFreq=19, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
          0.4504311 = weight(abstract_txt:twitter in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.4504311 = score(doc=35,freq=10.0), product of:
              0.32944477 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.8927124 = boost
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              1.3672432 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
                3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                  10.0 = termFreq=10.0
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
          0.4648631 = weight(abstract_txt:tweets in 35) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.4648631 = score(doc=35,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.69329244 = queryWeight, product of:
                7.4703035 = boost
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.6705152 = fieldWeight in 35, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=35)
        0.32 = coord(8/25)
    
  3. Zubiaga, A.: ¬A longitudinal assessment of the persistence of twitter datasets (2018) 0.32
    0.31861976 = sum of:
      0.31861976 = product of:
        0.8850548 = sum of:
          0.0042928816 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0042928816 = score(doc=4368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.0289879 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.1480922 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
          0.042764105 = weight(abstract_txt:accounts in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.042764105 = score(doc=4368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.093052916 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0344179 = boost
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.4595676 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
          0.006813202 = weight(abstract_txt:from in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.006813202 = score(doc=4368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.03944134 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1664536 = boost
                2.7638826 = idf(docFreq=7577, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.17274266 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.7638826 = idf(docFreq=7577, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
          0.01645039 = weight(abstract_txt:over in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01645039 = score(doc=4368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.06201135 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1942124 = boost
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.2652803 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
          0.0230363 = weight(abstract_txt:time in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0230363 = score(doc=4368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.08885038 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.7507385 = boost
                4.148331 = idf(docFreq=1897, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.2592707 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.148331 = idf(docFreq=1897, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
          0.01371033 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01371033 = score(doc=4368,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.06919303 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.783989 = boost
                3.170338 = idf(docFreq=5046, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.19814612 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.170338 = idf(docFreq=5046, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
          0.028246861 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.028246861 = score(doc=4368,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.0957864 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.346756 = boost
                3.3363478 = idf(docFreq=4274, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.29489428 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.3363478 = idf(docFreq=4274, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
          0.28487763 = weight(abstract_txt:twitter in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.28487763 = score(doc=4368,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.32944477 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.8927124 = boost
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.86472046 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
          0.4648631 = weight(abstract_txt:tweets in 4368) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.4648631 = score(doc=4368,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.69329244 = queryWeight, product of:
                7.4703035 = boost
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.6705152 = fieldWeight in 4368, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=4368)
        0.36 = coord(9/25)
    
  4. Zheng, H.; Goh, D.H.-L.; Lee, E.W.J.; Lee, C.S.; Theng, Y.-L.: Understanding the effects of message cues on COVID-19 information sharing on Twitter (2022) 0.32
    0.31804556 = sum of:
      0.31804556 = product of:
        1.135877 = sum of:
          0.0042928816 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0042928816 = score(doc=564,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.0289879 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.1480922 = fieldWeight in 564, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=564)
          0.006813202 = weight(abstract_txt:from in 564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.006813202 = score(doc=564,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.03944134 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1664536 = boost
                2.7638826 = idf(docFreq=7577, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.17274266 = fieldWeight in 564, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.7638826 = idf(docFreq=7577, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=564)
          0.10636269 = weight(abstract_txt:covid in 564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.10636269 = score(doc=564,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.1184394 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1670221 = boost
                8.29569 = idf(docFreq=29, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.89803475 = fieldWeight in 564, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                8.29569 = idf(docFreq=29, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=564)
          0.127246 = weight(abstract_txt:mentioning in 564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.127246 = score(doc=564,freq=3.0), product of:
              0.13347484 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.2388842 = boost
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.95333326 = fieldWeight in 564, product of:
                1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                  3.0 = termFreq=3.0
                8.806516 = idf(docFreq=17, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=564)
          0.01371033 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01371033 = score(doc=564,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.06919303 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.783989 = boost
                3.170338 = idf(docFreq=5046, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.19814612 = fieldWeight in 564, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                3.170338 = idf(docFreq=5046, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=564)
          0.14243881 = weight(abstract_txt:twitter in 564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.14243881 = score(doc=564,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.32944477 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.8927124 = boost
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.43236023 = fieldWeight in 564, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=564)
          0.73501307 = weight(abstract_txt:tweets in 564) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.73501307 = score(doc=564,freq=5.0), product of:
              0.69329244 = queryWeight, product of:
                7.4703035 = boost
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              1.0601776 = fieldWeight in 564, product of:
                2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
                  5.0 = termFreq=5.0
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=564)
        0.28 = coord(7/25)
    
  5. Zimmer, M.; Proferes, N.J.: ¬A topology of Twitter research : disciplines, methods, and ethics (2014) 0.31
    0.31171063 = sum of:
      0.31171063 = product of:
        0.9740957 = sum of:
          0.008585763 = weight(abstract_txt:that in 1622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.008585763 = score(doc=1622,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.0289879 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.2961844 = fieldWeight in 1622, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                2.3694751 = idf(docFreq=11241, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1622)
          0.042764105 = weight(abstract_txt:accounts in 1622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.042764105 = score(doc=1622,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.093052916 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0344179 = boost
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.4595676 = fieldWeight in 1622, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.3530817 = idf(docFreq=76, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1622)
          0.006813202 = weight(abstract_txt:from in 1622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.006813202 = score(doc=1622,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.03944134 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1664536 = boost
                2.7638826 = idf(docFreq=7577, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.17274266 = fieldWeight in 1622, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                2.7638826 = idf(docFreq=7577, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1622)
          0.01645039 = weight(abstract_txt:over in 1622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.01645039 = score(doc=1622,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.06201135 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.1942124 = boost
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.2652803 = fieldWeight in 1622, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                4.244485 = idf(docFreq=1723, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1622)
          0.0494333 = weight(abstract_txt:research in 1622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0494333 = score(doc=1622,freq=13.0), product of:
              0.06919303 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.783989 = boost
                3.170338 = idf(docFreq=5046, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.714426 = fieldWeight in 1622, product of:
                3.6055512 = tf(freq=13.0), with freq of:
                  13.0 = termFreq=13.0
                3.170338 = idf(docFreq=5046, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1622)
          0.048924997 = weight(abstract_txt:data in 1622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.048924997 = score(doc=1622,freq=6.0), product of:
              0.0957864 = queryWeight, product of:
                2.346756 = boost
                3.3363478 = idf(docFreq=4274, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.5107719 = fieldWeight in 1622, product of:
                2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                  6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                3.3363478 = idf(docFreq=4274, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1622)
          0.4724161 = weight(abstract_txt:twitter in 1622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.4724161 = score(doc=1622,freq=11.0), product of:
              0.32944477 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.8927124 = boost
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              1.4339767 = fieldWeight in 1622, product of:
                3.3166249 = tf(freq=11.0), with freq of:
                  11.0 = termFreq=11.0
                6.9177637 = idf(docFreq=118, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1622)
          0.32870784 = weight(abstract_txt:tweets in 1622) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.32870784 = score(doc=1622,freq=1.0), product of:
              0.69329244 = queryWeight, product of:
                7.4703035 = boost
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.012233891 = queryNorm
              0.47412583 = fieldWeight in 1622, product of:
                1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                  1.0 = termFreq=1.0
                7.5860133 = idf(docFreq=60, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1622)
        0.32 = coord(8/25)