Document (#4808)

Author
Wong, S.K.M.
Yao, Y.Y.
Title
¬An information-theoretic measure of term specifics
Source
Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 43(1992) no.1, S.54-61
Year
1992
Abstract
The inverse document frequency (IDF) and signal-noise ratio (S/N) approaches are term weighting schemes based on term specifics. However, the existing justifications for these methods are still some what inconclusive and sometimes even based on incompatible assumptions. Introduces an information-theoretic measure for term specifics. Shows that the IDF weighting scheme can be derived from the proposed approach by assuming that the frequency of occurrence of each index term is uniform within the set of documents containing the term. The information-theoretic interpretation of term specifics also establishes the relationship between the IDF and S/N methods

Similar documents (author)

  1. Wong, S.K.M.: On modelling information retrieval with probabilistic inference (1995) 8.00 
    8.0012665 = sum of:
  8.0012665 = sum of:
    2.8962462 = weight(author_txt:wong in 2007) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      2.8962462 = score(doc=2007,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.5653058 = queryWeight, product of:
          8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
          0.06896226 = queryNorm
        5.1233263 = fieldWeight in 2007, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2007)
    5.1050205 = weight(author_txt:s.k.m in 2007) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      5.1050205 = score(doc=2007,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.8248814 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.2079641 = boost
          9.90207 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44083)
          0.06896226 = queryNorm
        6.1887937 = fieldWeight in 2007, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.90207 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44083)
          0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2007)
  2. Wong, S.K.M.; Yao, Y.Y.: Query formulation in linear retrieval models (1990) 6.40 
    6.4010134 = sum of:
  6.4010134 = sum of:
    2.3169968 = weight(author_txt:wong in 3640) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      2.3169968 = score(doc=3640,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.5653058 = queryWeight, product of:
          8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
          0.06896226 = queryNorm
        4.098661 = fieldWeight in 3640, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
          0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3640)
    4.084017 = weight(author_txt:s.k.m in 3640) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      4.084017 = score(doc=3640,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.8248814 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.2079641 = boost
          9.90207 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44083)
          0.06896226 = queryNorm
        4.951035 = fieldWeight in 3640, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.90207 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44083)
          0.5 = fieldNorm(doc=3640)
  3. Wong, S.K.M.; Butz, C.J.; Xiang, X.: Automated database schema design using mined data dependencies (1998) 4.80 
    4.8007603 = sum of:
  4.8007603 = sum of:
    1.7377477 = weight(author_txt:wong in 3898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      1.7377477 = score(doc=3898,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.5653058 = queryWeight, product of:
          8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
          0.06896226 = queryNorm
        3.0739956 = fieldWeight in 3898, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=3898)
    3.0630126 = weight(author_txt:s.k.m in 3898) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      3.0630126 = score(doc=3898,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.8248814 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.2079641 = boost
          9.90207 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44083)
          0.06896226 = queryNorm
        3.7132764 = fieldWeight in 3898, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.90207 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44083)
          0.375 = fieldNorm(doc=3898)
  4. Wong, S.K.M.; Yao, Y.Y.; Salton, G.; Buckley, C.: Evaluation of an adaptive linear model (1991) 4.00 
    4.0006332 = sum of:
  4.0006332 = sum of:
    1.4481231 = weight(author_txt:wong in 4836) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      1.4481231 = score(doc=4836,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.5653058 = queryWeight, product of:
          8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
          0.06896226 = queryNorm
        2.5616632 = fieldWeight in 4836, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
          0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=4836)
    2.5525103 = weight(author_txt:s.k.m in 4836) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
      2.5525103 = score(doc=4836,freq=1.0), product of:
        0.8248814 = queryWeight, product of:
          1.2079641 = boost
          9.90207 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44083)
          0.06896226 = queryNorm
        3.0943968 = fieldWeight in 4836, product of:
          1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
            1.0 = termFreq=1.0
          9.90207 = idf(docFreq=5, maxDocs=44083)
          0.3125 = fieldNorm(doc=4836)
  5. Wong, K.: Frühe Spuren des menschlichen Geistes (2005) 1.45 
    1.4481231 = sum of:
  1.4481231 = product of:
    2.8962462 = sum of:
      2.8962462 = weight(author_txt:wong in 1984) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        2.8962462 = score(doc=1984,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.5653058 = queryWeight, product of:
            8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
            0.06896226 = queryNorm
          5.1233263 = fieldWeight in 1984, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            8.197322 = idf(docFreq=32, maxDocs=44083)
            0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=1984)
    0.5 = coord(1/2)

Similar documents (content)

  1. Aizawa, A.: ¬An information-theoretic perspective of tf-idf measures (2003) 0.26 
    0.25927943 = sum of:
  0.25927943 = product of:
    0.81024826 = sum of:
      0.012902768 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 5156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.012902768 = score(doc=5156,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.043120395 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.0943687 = boost
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.29922658 = fieldWeight in 5156, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5156)
      0.061870143 = weight(abstract_txt:occurrence in 5156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.061870143 = score(doc=5156,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.09732062 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.162545 = boost
            6.7811747 = idf(docFreq=135, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.63573515 = fieldWeight in 5156, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            6.7811747 = idf(docFreq=135, maxDocs=44083)
            0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5156)
      0.016908217 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 5156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.016908217 = score(doc=5156,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.03723658 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.2455261 = boost
            2.4217358 = idf(docFreq=10636, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.45407546 = fieldWeight in 5156, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            2.4217358 = idf(docFreq=10636, maxDocs=44083)
            0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5156)
      0.090105556 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 5156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.090105556 = score(doc=5156,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.12504084 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3177507 = boost
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.720609 = fieldWeight in 5156, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5156)
      0.063749015 = weight(abstract_txt:measure in 5156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.063749015 = score(doc=5156,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.12508631 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.8639197 = boost
            5.436162 = idf(docFreq=521, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.5096402 = fieldWeight in 5156, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.436162 = idf(docFreq=521, maxDocs=44083)
            0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5156)
      0.11807072 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 5156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.11807072 = score(doc=5156,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.1497312 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.0392876 = boost
            5.947626 = idf(docFreq=312, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.7885512 = fieldWeight in 5156, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.947626 = idf(docFreq=312, maxDocs=44083)
            0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5156)
      0.29204556 = weight(abstract_txt:theoretic in 5156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.29204556 = score(doc=5156,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.39496472 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.056459 = boost
            7.887167 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.7394219 = fieldWeight in 5156, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            7.887167 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44083)
            0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5156)
      0.15459624 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 5156) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.15459624 = score(doc=5156,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.34280682 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.7727275 = boost
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.4509719 = fieldWeight in 5156, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5156)
    0.32 = coord(8/25)
  2. Dang, E.K.F.; Luk, R.W.P.; Allan, J.: Beyond bag-of-words : bigram-enhanced context-dependent term weights (2014) 0.21 
    0.20961668 = sum of:
  0.20961668 = product of:
    0.58226854 = sum of:
      0.013036478 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.013036478 = score(doc=2284,freq=3.0), product of:
          0.043120395 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.0943687 = boost
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.30232742 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
              3.0 = termFreq=3.0
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
      0.036090914 = weight(abstract_txt:occurrence in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.036090914 = score(doc=2284,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.09732062 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.162545 = boost
            6.7811747 = idf(docFreq=135, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.3708455 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            6.7811747 = idf(docFreq=135, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
      0.0069742836 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0069742836 = score(doc=2284,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.03723658 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.2455261 = boost
            2.4217358 = idf(docFreq=10636, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.18729657 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            2.4217358 = idf(docFreq=10636, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
      0.052561577 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.052561577 = score(doc=2284,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.12504084 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3177507 = boost
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.42035526 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
      0.054541156 = weight(abstract_txt:noise in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.054541156 = score(doc=2284,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.12816098 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3340904 = boost
            7.7818065 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.42556754 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            7.7818065 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
      0.016557634 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.016557634 = score(doc=2284,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.07293709 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.4233003 = boost
            4.151086 = idf(docFreq=1886, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.22701252 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.151086 = idf(docFreq=1886, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
      0.06887459 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.06887459 = score(doc=2284,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.1497312 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.0392876 = boost
            5.947626 = idf(docFreq=312, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.4599882 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            5.947626 = idf(docFreq=312, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
      0.07856109 = weight(abstract_txt:weighting in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.07856109 = score(doc=2284,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.2059466 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.391661 = boost
            6.975331 = idf(docFreq=111, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.3814634 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            6.975331 = idf(docFreq=111, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
      0.2550708 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 2284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.2550708 = score(doc=2284,freq=8.0), product of:
          0.34280682 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.7727275 = boost
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.7440657 = fieldWeight in 2284, product of:
            2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
              8.0 = termFreq=8.0
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2284)
    0.36 = coord(9/25)
  3. Losee, R.M.: Term dependence : a basis for Luhn and Zipf models (2001) 0.19 
    0.19425997 = sum of:
  0.19425997 = product of:
    0.6937856 = sum of:
      0.03495619 = weight(abstract_txt:interpretation in 977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.03495619 = score(doc=977,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.07510827 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.021295 = boost
            5.9572573 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.4654107 = fieldWeight in 977, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.9572573 = idf(docFreq=309, maxDocs=44083)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=977)
      0.010752306 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.010752306 = score(doc=977,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.043120395 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.0943687 = boost
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.24935547 = fieldWeight in 977, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=977)
      0.0157533 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0157533 = score(doc=977,freq=5.0), product of:
          0.03723658 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.2455261 = boost
            2.4217358 = idf(docFreq=10636, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.42305982 = fieldWeight in 977, product of:
            2.236068 = tf(freq=5.0), with freq of:
              5.0 = termFreq=5.0
            2.4217358 = idf(docFreq=10636, maxDocs=44083)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=977)
      0.10619042 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.10619042 = score(doc=977,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.12504084 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3177507 = boost
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.84924585 = fieldWeight in 977, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=977)
      0.05312417 = weight(abstract_txt:measure in 977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.05312417 = score(doc=977,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.12508631 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.8639197 = boost
            5.436162 = idf(docFreq=521, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.42470014 = fieldWeight in 977, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.436162 = idf(docFreq=521, maxDocs=44083)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=977)
      0.344179 = weight(abstract_txt:theoretic in 977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.344179 = score(doc=977,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.39496472 = queryWeight, product of:
            4.056459 = boost
            7.887167 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.87141705 = fieldWeight in 977, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.887167 = idf(docFreq=44, maxDocs=44083)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=977)
      0.12883021 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 977) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.12883021 = score(doc=977,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.34280682 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.7727275 = boost
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.37580994 = fieldWeight in 977, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=977)
    0.28 = coord(7/25)
  4. Ruthven, I.; Lalmas, M.; Rijsbergen, K. van: Combining and selecting characteristics of information use (2002) 0.19 
    0.18792756 = sum of:
  0.18792756 = product of:
    0.58727366 = sum of:
      0.009123635 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.009123635 = score(doc=209,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.043120395 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.0943687 = boost
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.21158513 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
      0.005977957 = weight(abstract_txt:information in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.005977957 = score(doc=209,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.03723658 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.2455261 = boost
            2.4217358 = idf(docFreq=10636, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.16053991 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            2.4217358 = idf(docFreq=10636, maxDocs=44083)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
      0.061574902 = weight(abstract_txt:ratio in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.061574902 = score(doc=209,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.12222592 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3028337 = boost
            7.599485 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.5037794 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.599485 = idf(docFreq=59, maxDocs=44083)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
      0.045052778 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.045052778 = score(doc=209,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.12504084 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3177507 = boost
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.3603045 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
      0.09349912 = weight(abstract_txt:noise in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.09349912 = score(doc=209,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.12816098 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3340904 = boost
            7.7818065 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.72954434 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            7.7818065 = idf(docFreq=49, maxDocs=44083)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
      0.07230326 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.07230326 = score(doc=209,freq=3.0), product of:
          0.1497312 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.0392876 = boost
            5.947626 = idf(docFreq=312, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.48288703 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
            1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
              3.0 = termFreq=3.0
            5.947626 = idf(docFreq=312, maxDocs=44083)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
      0.095230415 = weight(abstract_txt:weighting in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.095230415 = score(doc=209,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.2059466 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.391661 = boost
            6.975331 = idf(docFreq=111, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.46240345 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            6.975331 = idf(docFreq=111, maxDocs=44083)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
      0.2045116 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 209) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.2045116 = score(doc=209,freq=7.0), product of:
          0.34280682 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.7727275 = boost
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.59657973 = fieldWeight in 209, product of:
            2.6457512 = tf(freq=7.0), with freq of:
              7.0 = termFreq=7.0
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=209)
    0.32 = coord(8/25)
  5. Wolfram, D.; Zhang, J.: ¬An investigation of the influence of indexing exhaustivity and term distributions on a document space (2002) 0.16 
    0.15565063 = sum of:
  0.15565063 = product of:
    0.5558951 = sum of:
      0.01720369 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.01720369 = score(doc=239,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.043120395 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.0943687 = boost
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.39896876 = fieldWeight in 239, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            3.19175 = idf(docFreq=4924, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=239)
      0.08495233 = weight(abstract_txt:inverse in 239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.08495233 = score(doc=239,freq=2.0), product of:
          0.12504084 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.3177507 = boost
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.6793967 = fieldWeight in 239, product of:
            1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
              2.0 = termFreq=2.0
            7.6864963 = idf(docFreq=54, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=239)
      0.018923009 = weight(abstract_txt:methods in 239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.018923009 = score(doc=239,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.07293709 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.4233003 = boost
            4.151086 = idf(docFreq=1886, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.25944287 = fieldWeight in 239, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            4.151086 = idf(docFreq=1886, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=239)
      0.04249934 = weight(abstract_txt:measure in 239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.04249934 = score(doc=239,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.12508631 = queryWeight, product of:
            1.8639197 = boost
            5.436162 = idf(docFreq=521, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.33976012 = fieldWeight in 239, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            5.436162 = idf(docFreq=521, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=239)
      0.096404344 = weight(abstract_txt:frequency in 239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.096404344 = score(doc=239,freq=3.0), product of:
          0.1497312 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.0392876 = boost
            5.947626 = idf(docFreq=312, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.6438494 = fieldWeight in 239, product of:
            1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
              3.0 = termFreq=3.0
            5.947626 = idf(docFreq=312, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=239)
      0.0897841 = weight(abstract_txt:weighting in 239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.0897841 = score(doc=239,freq=1.0), product of:
          0.2059466 = queryWeight, product of:
            2.391661 = boost
            6.975331 = idf(docFreq=111, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.43595818 = fieldWeight in 239, product of:
            1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
              1.0 = termFreq=1.0
            6.975331 = idf(docFreq=111, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=239)
      0.20612833 = weight(abstract_txt:term in 239) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
        0.20612833 = score(doc=239,freq=4.0), product of:
          0.34280682 = queryWeight, product of:
            5.7727275 = boost
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.012344974 = queryNorm
          0.6012959 = fieldWeight in 239, product of:
            2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
              4.0 = termFreq=4.0
            4.810367 = idf(docFreq=975, maxDocs=44083)
            0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=239)
    0.28 = coord(7/25)