Document (#7639)

Author

Humphrey, S.M.

Title

Indexing biomedical documents : from thesaural to knowledge-based retrieval systems

Source

Artificial intelligence in medicine. 4(1992) no.5, S.343-371

Year

1992

Abstract

Interactice knowledge-based indexing of the National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE database is advocated. It is established that in the current setting concept indexing is needed and cannot be fully automated. Compatibility between conventional and knowledge-based indexing is highlighted, followed by discussion of indexing as a cognitive process. The section of knowledge-based indexing describes how NLM's MedIndEx prototype addresses problems in conventional indexing and includes the contention that constructing a knowledge base adapted from a conventional classified thesaurus and indexing scheme is not as daunting as it may seem. Extension of the prototype to an intelligent search assistant illustrates use of the same knowledge base to integrate indexing and retrieval applications. Suggested are also future directions for knowledge-based indeing

Object

MEDLINE

Similar documents (author)

1. Humphrey, S.M.: Use and management of classification systems for knowledge-based indexing (1992) 5.80

   5.8024426 = sum of:
     5.8024426 = weight(author_txt:humphrey in 2094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.8024426 = fieldWeight in 2094, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.283908 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=43556)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2094)
   

2. Humphrey, S.M.: ¬The MedIndEx prototype for computer assisted MEDLINE database indexing (1993) 5.80

   5.8024426 = sum of:
     5.8024426 = weight(author_txt:humphrey in 7816) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.8024426 = fieldWeight in 7816, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.283908 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=43556)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=7816)
   

3. Humphrey, S.M.: Knowledge-based systems for indexing (1994) 5.80

   5.8024426 = sum of:
     5.8024426 = weight(author_txt:humphrey in 3053) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.8024426 = fieldWeight in 3053, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.283908 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=43556)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=3053)
   

4. Humphrey, S.M.: Automatic indexing of documents from journal descriptors : a preliminary investigation (1999) 5.80

   5.8024426 = sum of:
     5.8024426 = weight(author_txt:humphrey in 4767) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.8024426 = fieldWeight in 4767, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.283908 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=43556)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=4767)
   

5. Humphrey, J.: Manuscripts and metadata : Descriptive metadata in three manuscript catalogs: DigCIM, MALVINE, & Digital Scriptorium (2007) 5.80

   5.8024426 = sum of:
     5.8024426 = weight(author_txt:humphrey in 2781) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
       5.8024426 = fieldWeight in 2781, product of:
         1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
           1.0 = termFreq=1.0
         9.283908 = idf(docFreq=10, maxDocs=43556)
         0.625 = fieldNorm(doc=2781)
   

Similar documents (content)

1. Humphrey, S.M.: Knowledge-based systems for indexing (1994) 0.31

   0.30853269 = sum of:
     0.30853269 = product of:
       1.1019025 = sum of:
         0.08217389 = weight(abstract_txt:medline in 3053) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08217389 = score(doc=3053,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12906243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0815923 = boost
               6.791454 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.6366988 = fieldWeight in 3053, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.791454 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3053)
         0.02199434 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 3053) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02199434 = score(doc=3053,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06753484 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1064776 = boost
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.32567397 = fieldWeight in 3053, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3053)
         0.10849392 = weight(abstract_txt:prototype in 3053) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.10849392 = score(doc=3053,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19570002 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8835368 = boost
               5.9134817 = idf(docFreq=319, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.5543889 = fieldWeight in 3053, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.9134817 = idf(docFreq=319, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3053)
         0.06077266 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 3053) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06077266 = score(doc=3053,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.14325048 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5479844 = boost
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.42424053 = fieldWeight in 3053, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3053)
         0.19525436 = weight(abstract_txt:conventional in 3053) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.19525436 = score(doc=3053,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3314501 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.002157 = boost
               6.28364 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.58909124 = fieldWeight in 3053, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.28364 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3053)
         0.08400721 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 3053) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08400721 = score(doc=3053,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2505461 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9870944 = boost
               3.5764952 = idf(docFreq=3311, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.33529642 = fieldWeight in 3053, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5764952 = idf(docFreq=3311, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3053)
         0.549206 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 3053) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.549206 = score(doc=3053,freq=8.0), product of:
             0.4762682 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.2331953 = boost
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             1.1531444 = fieldWeight in 3053, product of:
               2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                 8.0 = termFreq=8.0
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=3053)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

2. Humphrey, S.M.: Use and management of classification systems for knowledge-based indexing (1992) 0.28

   0.27983394 = sum of:
     0.27983394 = product of:
       0.99940693 = sum of:
         0.09586954 = weight(abstract_txt:medline in 2094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09586954 = score(doc=2094,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12906243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0815923 = boost
               6.791454 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.74281526 = fieldWeight in 2094, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.791454 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=43556)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2094)
         0.025660064 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 2094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025660064 = score(doc=2094,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06753484 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1064776 = boost
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.37995297 = fieldWeight in 2094, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2094)
         0.1094895 = weight(abstract_txt:base in 2094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.1094895 = score(doc=2094,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17766602 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7946546 = boost
               5.6344304 = idf(docFreq=422, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.61626583 = fieldWeight in 2094, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6344304 = idf(docFreq=422, maxDocs=43556)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2094)
         0.12657624 = weight(abstract_txt:prototype in 2094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.12657624 = score(doc=2094,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.19570002 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.8835368 = boost
               5.9134817 = idf(docFreq=319, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.64678705 = fieldWeight in 2094, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.9134817 = idf(docFreq=319, maxDocs=43556)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2094)
         0.05013489 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 2094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.05013489 = score(doc=2094,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14325048 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5479844 = boost
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.3499806 = fieldWeight in 2094, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2094)
         0.13860482 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 2094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.13860482 = score(doc=2094,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.2505461 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9870944 = boost
               3.5764952 = idf(docFreq=3311, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.55321085 = fieldWeight in 2094, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.5764952 = idf(docFreq=3311, maxDocs=43556)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2094)
         0.45307183 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 2094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.45307183 = score(doc=2094,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.4762682 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.2331953 = boost
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.95129555 = fieldWeight in 2094, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=2094)
       0.28 = coord(7/25)
   

3. Humphrey, S.M.; Névéol, A.; Browne, A.; Gobeil, J.; Ruch, P.; Darmoni, S.J.: Comparing a rule-based versus statistical system for automatic categorization of MEDLINE documents according to biomedical specialty (2009) 0.12

   0.12297609 = sum of:
     0.12297609 = product of:
       0.5124004 = sum of:
         0.054782595 = weight(abstract_txt:medline in 298) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.054782595 = score(doc=298,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12906243 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0815923 = boost
               6.791454 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.42446586 = fieldWeight in 298, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.791454 = idf(docFreq=132, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=298)
         0.0146628935 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 298) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.0146628935 = score(doc=298,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06753484 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1064776 = boost
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.21711598 = fieldWeight in 298, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=298)
         0.064194225 = weight(abstract_txt:biomedical in 298) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.064194225 = score(doc=298,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.1434505 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1402885 = boost
               7.160014 = idf(docFreq=91, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.44750088 = fieldWeight in 298, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               7.160014 = idf(docFreq=91, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=298)
         0.06256543 = weight(abstract_txt:base in 298) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.06256543 = score(doc=298,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17766602 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7946546 = boost
               5.6344304 = idf(docFreq=422, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.3521519 = fieldWeight in 298, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6344304 = idf(docFreq=422, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=298)
         0.057297014 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 298) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.057297014 = score(doc=298,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.14325048 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5479844 = boost
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.3999778 = fieldWeight in 298, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=298)
         0.2588982 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 298) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2588982 = score(doc=298,freq=4.0), product of:
             0.4762682 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.2331953 = boost
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.54359746 = fieldWeight in 298, product of:
               2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                 4.0 = termFreq=4.0
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=298)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

4. Lassalle, E.: Text retrieval : from a monolingual system to a multilingual system (1993) 0.12

   0.12293186 = sum of:
     0.12293186 = product of:
       0.5122161 = sum of:
         0.07521998 = weight(abstract_txt:extension in 470) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07521998 = score(doc=470,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.12167445 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.0501791 = boost
               6.5942063 = idf(docFreq=161, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.61820686 = fieldWeight in 470, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.5942063 = idf(docFreq=161, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=470)
         0.02199434 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 470) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.02199434 = score(doc=470,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.06753484 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1064776 = boost
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.32567397 = fieldWeight in 470, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=470)
         0.09384815 = weight(abstract_txt:base in 470) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.09384815 = score(doc=470,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.17766602 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.7946546 = boost
               5.6344304 = idf(docFreq=422, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.52822787 = fieldWeight in 470, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               5.6344304 = idf(docFreq=422, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=470)
         0.04297276 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 470) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.04297276 = score(doc=470,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14325048 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5479844 = boost
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.29998335 = fieldWeight in 470, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=470)
         0.08400721 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 470) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.08400721 = score(doc=470,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2505461 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9870944 = boost
               3.5764952 = idf(docFreq=3311, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.33529642 = fieldWeight in 470, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5764952 = idf(docFreq=3311, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=470)
         0.19417363 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 470) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.19417363 = score(doc=470,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.4762682 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.2331953 = boost
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.4076981 = fieldWeight in 470, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=470)
       0.24 = coord(6/25)
   

5. Broughton, V.: Structural, linguistic and mathematical elements in indexing languages and search engines : implications for the use of index languages in electronic and non-LIS environments (2000) 0.11

   0.11494293 = sum of:
     0.11494293 = product of:
       0.57471466 = sum of:
         0.025920577 = weight(abstract_txt:retrieval in 1094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.025920577 = score(doc=1094,freq=2.0), product of:
             0.06753484 = queryWeight, product of:
               1.1064776 = boost
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.38381043 = fieldWeight in 1094, product of:
               1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                 2.0 = termFreq=2.0
               3.4738557 = idf(docFreq=3669, maxDocs=43556)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1094)
         0.035810634 = weight(abstract_txt:based in 1094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.035810634 = score(doc=1094,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.14325048 = queryWeight, product of:
               2.5479844 = boost
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.24998613 = fieldWeight in 1094, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.1998224 = idf(docFreq=4826, maxDocs=43556)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1094)
         0.16271196 = weight(abstract_txt:conventional in 1094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.16271196 = score(doc=1094,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.3314501 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.002157 = boost
               6.28364 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.49090937 = fieldWeight in 1094, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               6.28364 = idf(docFreq=220, maxDocs=43556)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1094)
         0.07000601 = weight(abstract_txt:knowledge in 1094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.07000601 = score(doc=1094,freq=1.0), product of:
             0.2505461 = queryWeight, product of:
               3.9870944 = boost
               3.5764952 = idf(docFreq=3311, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.2794137 = fieldWeight in 1094, product of:
               1.0 = tf(freq=1.0), with freq of:
                 1.0 = termFreq=1.0
               3.5764952 = idf(docFreq=3311, maxDocs=43556)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1094)
         0.2802655 = weight(abstract_txt:indexing in 1094) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
           0.2802655 = score(doc=1094,freq=3.0), product of:
             0.4762682 = queryWeight, product of:
               6.2331953 = boost
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.017570069 = queryNorm
             0.5884615 = fieldWeight in 1094, product of:
               1.7320508 = tf(freq=3.0), with freq of:
                 3.0 = termFreq=3.0
               4.3487797 = idf(docFreq=1529, maxDocs=43556)
               0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=1094)
       0.2 = coord(5/25)