Search (22 results, page 1 of 2)

  • × author_ss:"Chowdhury, G.G."
  1. Chowdhury, G.G.: Template mining for information extraction from digital documents (1999) 0.05
    0.04789843 = product of:
      0.09579686 = sum of:
        0.09579686 = sum of:
          0.008422533 = weight(_text_:s in 4577) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.008422533 = score(doc=4577,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                0.046063907 = queryNorm
              0.16817348 = fieldWeight in 4577, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4577)
          0.08737433 = weight(_text_:22 in 4577) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.08737433 = score(doc=4577,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.16130796 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.046063907 = queryNorm
              0.5416616 = fieldWeight in 4577, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4577)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Date
    2. 4.2000 18:01:22
    Source
    Library trends. 48(1999) no.1, S.182-208
  2. Chowdhury, G.G.; Neelameghan, A.; Chowdhury, S.: VOCON: Vocabulary control online in MicroIsis databases (1995) 0.04
    0.03559983 = product of:
      0.07119966 = sum of:
        0.07119966 = sum of:
          0.00941668 = weight(_text_:s in 1087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.00941668 = score(doc=1087,freq=10.0), product of:
              0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                0.046063907 = queryNorm
              0.18802369 = fieldWeight in 1087, product of:
                3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                  10.0 = termFreq=10.0
                1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1087)
          0.061782986 = weight(_text_:22 in 1087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.061782986 = score(doc=1087,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.16130796 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.046063907 = queryNorm
              0.38301262 = fieldWeight in 1087, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=1087)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Abstract
    Discusses the need for facilities for online vocabulary control and standardization of terms, codes, etc., so as to secure consistency in naming of subjects, objects, countries, languages, etc., in databases at data entry stage. Most information storage and retrieval packages for microcomputers including MicroIsis provide for online vocabulary control in formulating search expressions for information retrieval, but not at the data entry stage. VOCON.PAS is a Pascal interface program for use with MicroIsis software for (a) online selection of term(s) and/or code(s) from vocabulary control tool, such as, thesaurus, subject heading list, classification scheme, nomenclature list(s)
    Source
    Knowledge organization. 22(1995) no.1, S.18-22
  3. Chowdhury, G.G.: Introduction to modern information retrieval (1999) 0.02
    0.021275483 = product of:
      0.042550966 = sum of:
        0.042550966 = sum of:
          0.0051048263 = weight(_text_:s in 4902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.0051048263 = score(doc=4902,freq=4.0), product of:
              0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                0.046063907 = queryNorm
              0.101928525 = fieldWeight in 4902, product of:
                2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                  4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4902)
          0.03744614 = weight(_text_:22 in 4902) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
            0.03744614 = score(doc=4902,freq=2.0), product of:
              0.16130796 = queryWeight, product of:
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.046063907 = queryNorm
              0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 4902, product of:
                1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                  2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
                0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4902)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Content
    Enthält die Kapitel: 1. Basic concepts of information retrieval systems, 2. Database technology, 3. Bibliographic formats, 4. Subject analysis and representation, 5. Automatic indexing and file organization, 6. Vocabulary control, 7. Abstracts and abstracting, 8. Searching and retrieval, 9. Users of information retrieval, 10. Evaluation of information retrieval systems, 11. Evaluation experiments, 12. Online information retrieval, 13. CD-ROM information retrieval, 14. Trends in CD-ROM and online information retrieval, 15. Multimedia information retrieval, 16. Hypertext and hypermedia systems, 17. Intelligent information retrieval, 18. Natural language processing and information retrieval, 19. Natural language interfaces, 20. Natural language text processing and retrieval systems, 21. Problems and prospects of natural language processing systems, 22. The Internet and information retrieval, 23. Trends in information retrieval.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Program 34(2000) no.2, S.231-232 (B.C. Vickery)
    Pages
    XX,452 S
  4. Chowdhury, G.G.; Chowdhury, S.: ¬An overview of the information retrieval features of twenty digital libraries (2000) 0.00
    0.0034032175 = product of:
      0.006806435 = sum of:
        0.006806435 = product of:
          0.01361287 = sum of:
            0.01361287 = weight(_text_:s in 519) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.01361287 = score(doc=519,freq=4.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.2718094 = fieldWeight in 519, product of:
                  2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                    4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=519)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Program. 34(2000) no.4, S.341-373
  5. Chowdhury, G.G.: Information sources and searching on the World Wide Web (2001) 0.00
    0.0030080476 = product of:
      0.006016095 = sum of:
        0.006016095 = product of:
          0.01203219 = sum of:
            0.01203219 = weight(_text_:s in 6136) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.01203219 = score(doc=6136,freq=8.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.24024783 = fieldWeight in 6136, product of:
                  2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
                    8.0 = termFreq=8.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6136)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Editor
    Chowdhury, S.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: Online Information Review 26(2002) no.3, S.221 (Keary, M.); Library review 51(2002) nos.5/6, S.312-313 (R. O'Beirne)
    Pages
    192 S
  6. Chowdhury, G.G.; Chowdhury, S.; Neelameghan, A.: Vocabulary control online in MicroISIS databases : a Pascal interface (1994) 0.00
    0.0026904799 = product of:
      0.0053809597 = sum of:
        0.0053809597 = product of:
          0.010761919 = sum of:
            0.010761919 = weight(_text_:s in 2430) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.010761919 = score(doc=2430,freq=10.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.2148842 = fieldWeight in 2430, product of:
                  3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
                    10.0 = termFreq=10.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=2430)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Abstract
    Most information storage and retrieval software packages for microcomputers including MicroISIS provide for online vocabulary control in formulating search expressions for information retrievla, but very few provide any help at the data entry stage. Describes VOCON.PAS, a Pascal interface program for use with MicroISIS software for online selection of term(s) and(or code(s) from a vocabulary control tool to specified field(s) of one or more records of a MicroISIS database
    Source
    Microcomputers for information management. 11(1994) no.4, S.295-305
  7. Chowdhury, G.G.: Natural language processing and information retrieval : pt.1: basic issues; pt.2: major applications (1991) 0.00
    0.0021270108 = product of:
      0.0042540217 = sum of:
        0.0042540217 = product of:
          0.008508043 = sum of:
            0.008508043 = weight(_text_:s in 3313) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.008508043 = score(doc=3313,freq=4.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.16988087 = fieldWeight in 3313, product of:
                  2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                    4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=3313)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    IASLIC bulletin. 36(1991) no.2, S.45-49 (pt.1); S.51-59 (pt.2)
  8. Chowdhury, S.; Chowdhury, G.G.: Text retrieval system : an overview (1992) 0.00
    0.0021270108 = product of:
      0.0042540217 = sum of:
        0.0042540217 = product of:
          0.008508043 = sum of:
            0.008508043 = weight(_text_:s in 6508) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.008508043 = score(doc=6508,freq=4.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.16988087 = fieldWeight in 6508, product of:
                  2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                    4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=6508)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Pages
    S.35-41
  9. Chowdhury, S.; Chowdhury, G.G.: Development of library management system using Micro-CDS/ISIS (1992) 0.00
    0.0021270108 = product of:
      0.0042540217 = sum of:
        0.0042540217 = product of:
          0.008508043 = sum of:
            0.008508043 = weight(_text_:s in 440) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.008508043 = score(doc=440,freq=4.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.16988087 = fieldWeight in 440, product of:
                  2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                    4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.078125 = fieldNorm(doc=440)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Annals of library science and documentation. 39(1992) no.3, S.113-122
  10. Chowdhury, G.G.; Chowdhury, S.: Text retrieval and library management software in India (1994) 0.00
    0.0017016088 = product of:
      0.0034032175 = sum of:
        0.0034032175 = product of:
          0.006806435 = sum of:
            0.006806435 = weight(_text_:s in 1542) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.006806435 = score(doc=1542,freq=4.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.1359047 = fieldWeight in 1542, product of:
                  2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                    4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1542)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Program. 28(1994) no.3, S.253-261
  11. Chowdhury, G.G.: ¬The Internet and information retrieval research : a brief review (1999) 0.00
    0.001203219 = product of:
      0.002406438 = sum of:
        0.002406438 = product of:
          0.004812876 = sum of:
            0.004812876 = weight(_text_:s in 3424) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.004812876 = score(doc=3424,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.09609913 = fieldWeight in 3424, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3424)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Journal of documentation. 55(1999) no.2, S.209-225
  12. Chowdhury, G.G.: Digital libraries and reference services : present and future (2002) 0.00
    0.0010635054 = product of:
      0.0021270108 = sum of:
        0.0021270108 = product of:
          0.0042540217 = sum of:
            0.0042540217 = weight(_text_:s in 4466) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.0042540217 = score(doc=4466,freq=4.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.08494043 = fieldWeight in 4466, product of:
                  2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                    4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4466)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Abstract
    Reference services have taken a central place in library and information services. They are also regarded as personalised services since in most cases a personal discussion takes place between a user and a reference librarian. Based on this, the librarian points to the sources that are considered to be most appropriate to meet the specific information need(s) of the user. Since the Web and digital libraries are meant for providing direct access to information sources and services without the intervention of human intermediaries, the pertinent question that appears is whether we need reference services in digital libraries, and, if so, how best to offer such services. Current digital libraries focus more on access to, and retrieval of, digital information, and hardly lay emphasis on the service aspects. This may have been caused by the narrower definitions of digital libraries formulated by digital library researchers. This paper looks at the current state of research in personalised information services in digital libraries. It first analyses some representative definitions of digital libraries in order to establish the need for personalised services. It then provides a brief overview of the various online reference and information services currently available on the Web. The paper also briefly reviews digital library research that specifically focuses on the personalisation of digital libraries and the provision of digital reference and information services. Finally, the paper proposes some new areas of research that may be undertaken to improve the provision of personalised information services in digital libraries.
    Source
    Journal of documentation. 58(2002) no.3, S.258-283
  13. Chowdhury, G.G.; Chowdhury, S.: Digital library research : major issues and trends (1999) 0.00
    0.0010635054 = product of:
      0.0021270108 = sum of:
        0.0021270108 = product of:
          0.0042540217 = sum of:
            0.0042540217 = weight(_text_:s in 4610) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.0042540217 = score(doc=4610,freq=4.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.08494043 = fieldWeight in 4610, product of:
                  2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
                    4.0 = termFreq=4.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4610)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Journal of documentation. 55(1999) no.4, S.409-448
  14. Chowdhury, G.G.; Mahapatra, M.: Applications of the theory of relational analysis in information retrieval (1990) 0.00
    0.0010528166 = product of:
      0.0021056333 = sum of:
        0.0021056333 = product of:
          0.0042112665 = sum of:
            0.0042112665 = weight(_text_:s in 3551) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.0042112665 = score(doc=3551,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.08408674 = fieldWeight in 3551, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=3551)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Journal of library and information science (India). 14(1990) no.1, S.1-12
  15. Chowdhury, G.G.: Record formats for integrated databases : a review and comparison (1996) 0.00
    0.0010528166 = product of:
      0.0021056333 = sum of:
        0.0021056333 = product of:
          0.0042112665 = sum of:
            0.0042112665 = weight(_text_:s in 7679) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.0042112665 = score(doc=7679,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.08408674 = fieldWeight in 7679, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=7679)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Information development. 12(1996) no.4, S.218-223
  16. Chowdhury, S.; Chowdhury, G.G.: Using DDC to create a visual knowledge map as an aid to online information retrieval (2004) 0.00
    0.0010420184 = product of:
      0.0020840368 = sum of:
        0.0020840368 = product of:
          0.0041680736 = sum of:
            0.0041680736 = weight(_text_:s in 2643) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.0041680736 = score(doc=2643,freq=6.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.0832243 = fieldWeight in 2643, product of:
                  2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
                    6.0 = termFreq=6.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=2643)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Content
    1. Introduction Web search engines and digital libraries usually expect the users to use search terms that most accurately represent their information needs. Finding the most appropriate search terms to represent an information need is an age old problem in information retrieval. Keyword or phrase search may produce good search results as long as the search terms or phrase(s) match those used by the authors and have been chosen for indexing by the concerned information retrieval system. Since this does not always happen, a large number of false drops are produced by information retrieval systems. The retrieval results become worse in very large systems that deal with millions of records, such as the Web search engines and digital libraries. Vocabulary control tools are used to improve the performance of text retrieval systems. Thesauri, the most common type of vocabulary control tool used in information retrieval, appeared in the late fifties, designed for use with the emerging post-coordinate indexing systems of that time. They are used to exert terminology control in indexing, and to aid in searching by allowing the searcher to select appropriate search terms. A large volume of literature exists describing the design features, and experiments with the use, of thesauri in various types of information retrieval systems (see for example, Furnas et.al., 1987; Bates, 1986, 1998; Milstead, 1997, and Shiri et al., 2002).
    Pages
    S.133-138
  17. Sur, S.N.; Chowdhury, G.G.: ¬A prototype design of a bibliographic database based on CCF using Micro-CDS/ISIS (1993) 0.00
    9.0241426E-4 = product of:
      0.0018048285 = sum of:
        0.0018048285 = product of:
          0.003609657 = sum of:
            0.003609657 = weight(_text_:s in 8488) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.003609657 = score(doc=8488,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 8488, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=8488)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    IASLIC bulletin. 38(1993) no.1, S.17-37
  18. Chowdhury, G.G.: Natural language processing (2002) 0.00
    9.0241426E-4 = product of:
      0.0018048285 = sum of:
        0.0018048285 = product of:
          0.003609657 = sum of:
            0.003609657 = weight(_text_:s in 4284) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.003609657 = score(doc=4284,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 4284, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4284)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Annual review of information science and technology. 37(2003), S.51-90
  19. Meyyappan, N.; Foo, F.; Chowdhury, G.G.: Design and evaluation of a task-based digital library for the academic community (2004) 0.00
    9.0241426E-4 = product of:
      0.0018048285 = sum of:
        0.0018048285 = product of:
          0.003609657 = sum of:
            0.003609657 = weight(_text_:s in 4425) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.003609657 = score(doc=4425,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 4425, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=4425)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Journal of documentation. 60(2004) no.4, S.449-475
  20. Chowdhury, G.G.: How to improve the sustainability of digital libraries and information services? (2016) 0.00
    9.0241426E-4 = product of:
      0.0018048285 = sum of:
        0.0018048285 = product of:
          0.003609657 = sum of:
            0.003609657 = weight(_text_:s in 3116) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
              0.003609657 = score(doc=3116,freq=2.0), product of:
                0.05008241 = queryWeight, product of:
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046063907 = queryNorm
                0.072074346 = fieldWeight in 3116, product of:
                  1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
                    2.0 = termFreq=2.0
                  1.0872376 = idf(docFreq=40523, maxDocs=44218)
                  0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3116)
          0.5 = coord(1/2)
      0.5 = coord(1/2)
    
    Source
    Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 67(2016) no.10, S.2379-2391