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  • × author_ss:"Dinneen, J.D."
  • × year_i:[2010 TO 2020}
  1. Dinneen, J.D.; Brauner, C.: Practical and philosophical considerations for defining information as well-formed, meaningful data in the information sciences (2015) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    This paper demonstrates the practical and philosophical strengths of adopting Luciano Floridi's "general definition of information" (GDI) for use in the information sciences (IS). Many definitions of information have been proposed, but little work has been done to determine which definitions are most coherent or useful. Consequently, doubts have been cast on the necessity and possibility of finding a definition. In response to these doubts, the paper shows how items and events central to IS are adequately described by Floridi's conception of information, and demonstrates how it helps clarify the muddy theoretical framework resulting from the many previous definitions. To this end, it analyzes definitions, popular in IS, that conceive of information as energy, processes, knowledge, and physical objects. The paper finds that each of these definitions produces problematic or counterintuitive implications that the GDI suitably accounts for. It discusses the role of truth in IS, notes why the GDI is preferable to its truth-requiring variant, and ends with comments about the import of such a theory for IS research and practice.
    Content
    Beitrag in einem Themenheft: 'Exploring Philosophies of Information'.
    Theme
    Information
    Type
    a
  2. Julien, C.-A.; Tirilly, P.; Dinneen, J.D.; Guastavino, C.: Reducing subject tree browsing complexity (2013) 0.01 
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    Abstract
    Many large digital collections are currently organized by subject; although useful, these information organization structures are large and complex and thus difficult to browse. Current online tools and visualization prototypes show small, localized subsets and do not provide the ability to explore the predominant patterns of the overall subject structure. This study describes subject tree modifications that facilitate browsing for documents by capitalizing on the highly uneven distribution of real-world collections. The approach is demonstrated on two large collections organized by the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH). Results show that the LCSH subject tree can be reduced to 49% of its initial complexity while maintaining access to 83% of the collection, and the MeSH tree can be reduced to 45% of its initial complexity while maintaining access to 97% of the collection. A simple solution to negate the loss of access is discussed. The visual impact is demonstrated by using traditional outline views and a slider control allowing searchers to change the subject structure dynamically according to their needs. This study has implications for the development of information organization theory and human-information interaction techniques for subject trees.
    Source
    Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 64(2013) no.11, S.2201-2223
    Type
    a

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