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Abstract

Sponsored by the German Ministry of Education and Research with funding of 800.000 EURO, the German Network of Expertise in long-term storage of digital resources (nestor) began in June 2003 as a cooperative effort of 6 partners representing different players within the field of long-term preservation. The partners include: * The German National Library (Die Deutsche Bibliothek) as the lead institution for the project * The State and University Library of Lower Saxony Göttingen (Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen) * The Computer and Media Service and the University Library of Humboldt-University Berlin (Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin) * The Bavarian State Library in Munich (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek) * The Institute for Museum Information in Berlin (Institut für Museumskunde) * General Directorate of the Bavarian State Archives (GDAB) As in other countries, long-term preservation of digital resources has become an important issue in Germany in recent years. Nevertheless, coming to agreement with institutions throughout the country to cooperate on tasks for a long-term preservation effort has taken a great deal of effort. Although there had been considerable attention paid to the preservation of physical media like CD-ROMS, technologies available for the long-term preservation of digital publications like e-books, digital dissertations, websites, etc., are still lacking. Considering the importance of the task within the federal structure of Germany, with the responsibility of each federal state for its science and culture activities, it is obvious that the approach to a successful solution of these issues in Germany must be a cooperative approach. Since 2000, there have been discussions about strategies and techniques for long-term archiving of digital information, particularly within the distributed structure of Germany's library and archival institutions. A key part of all the previous activities was focusing on using existing standards and analyzing the context in which those standards would be applied. One such activity, the Digital Library Forum Planning Project, was done on behalf of the German Ministry of Education and Research in 2002, where the vision of a digital library in 2010 that can meet the changing and increasing needs of users was developed and described in detail, including the infrastructure required and how the digital library would work technically, what it would contain and how it would be organized. The outcome was a strategic plan for certain selected specialist areas, where, amongst other topics, a future call for action for long-term preservation was defined, described and explained against the background of practical experience.
As follow up, in 2002 the nestor long-term archiving working group provided an initial spark towards planning and organising coordinated activities concerning the long-term preservation and long-term availability of digital documents in Germany. This resulted in a workshop, held 29 - 30 October 2002, where major tasks were discussed. Influenced by the demands and progress of the nestor network, the participants reached agreement to start work on application-oriented projects and to address the following topics: * Overlapping problems o Collection and preservation of digital objects (selection criteria, preservation policy) o Definition of criteria for trusted repositories o Creation of models of cooperation, etc. * Digital objects production process o Analysis of potential conflicts between production and long-term preservation o Documentation of existing document models and recommendations for standards models to be used for long-term preservation o Identification systems for digital objects, etc. * Transfer of digital objects o Object data and metadata o Transfer protocols and interoperability o Handling of different document types, e.g. dynamic publications, etc. * Long-term preservation of digital objects o Design and prototype implementation of depot systems for digital objects (OAIS was chosen to be the best functional model.) o Authenticity o Functional requirements on user interfaces of an depot system o Identification systems for digital objects, etc. At the end of the workshop, participants decided to establish a permanent distributed infrastructure for long-term preservation and long-term accessibility of digital resources in Germany comparable, e.g., to the Digital Preservation Coalition in the UK. The initial phase, nestor, is now being set up by the above-mentioned 3-year funding project.

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Abstract

Digitale Archive bewahren in ihren Beständen Bits und Bytes für kommende Generationen und sollen Sorge tragen, dass die Informationen von heute mit der Technologie von morgen gelesen werden können. In der Arbeitsgruppe "Vertrauenswürdige Archive - Zertifizierung" des "nestor"-Kompetenznetzwerks Langzeitarchivierung (http://www.langzeitarchivierung.de) befassen sich Vertreter von Bibliotheken und Verbünden, Archiven und Museen, Verlagen sowie Forschungseinrichtungen, Software- und Zertifizierungsexperten mit der Frage nach den Standards, die langfristig die Qualität der Sicherheit und Verfügbarkeit der Daten beschreiben und bewerten. Ein Workshop zum Thema "Vertrauenswürdige digitale Langzeitarchive: Kriterien und deren Bewertung" fand am 21. Juni 2005 mit rund 70 Teilnehmern in der Bayerischen Staatsbibliothek München (BSB) statt. Zum Auftakt der Veranstaltung stellten Dr. Astrid Schoger (BSB) und Susanne Dobratz (HumboldtUniversität Berlin) die bisherigen Ergebnisse der nestor-Arbeitsgruppe "Vertrauenswürdige Archive - Zertifizierung" vor. Mit der Entwicklung eines in Deutschland praktikablen Zertifizierungsverfahren soll dazu beigetragen werden, dass die Vertrauenswürdigkeit digitaler Langzeitarchive aufgebaut und bewertet werden kann. Dabei sei nicht an eine Garantie für die nächsten fünf oder auch fünfzig Jahre gedacht, sondern an die Entwicklung von Strategien, die den beständigen Wandel bewältigen können.

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Abstract

Die Abschlusstagung des Projekts "Dissertationen Online" in Berlin am 30. und 31. Oktober 2000 endete nicht mit einem Schlussstrich für das Projekt, sondern mit einem Aufruf zur Beteiligung an der Fortführung der Ideen und des Konzepts unter der Schirmherrschaft Der Deutschen Bibliothek: "DissOnline.de". Dieses Unternehmen resultiert aus zwei Jahren Entwicklungsarbeit an den Standorten Berlin, Duisburg, Oldenburg, Erlangen und Göttingen im Projekt "Dissertationen Online", dessen Ergebnisse den zahlreichen Teilnehmern auf dieser Tagung vorgestellt wurden. Exemplarisch für den Bereich der wissenschaftlichen Qualifikationsarbeiten hat das DFG-Projekt "Dissertationen Online" Lösungen und Hilfen für Erstellung, Erschließung, Retrieval und Archivierung solcher Schriften entwickelt. Diese Hilfen und Werkzeuge betreffen Fragen urheberrechtlicher Natur zwischen Autoren, Fakultäten und Bibliotheken, sowie Der Deutschen Bibliothek und den Verlagen, die Strukturierung von Metadaten und Volltexten zur dokumentarischen Erschließung, die Suchverfahren für Metadaten und Volltexte auf den Servern der Hochschule und der Deutschen Bibliothek, die Formate für Darstellung, Druck, Retrieval und Archivierung, die Konzeption des Workflow zwischen Autoren, Fakultäten, Bibliotheken und Der Deutschen Bibliothek, die Archivierung auf zertifizierten Dokumentservern der Universitäten, sowie die Konzeption einer hoch qualitativen Unterstützung der Autoren, die unter anderem eine Umsetzung in multimediale Hilfen und Schulungsmaterialien für alle Beteiligten vorsieht. Alle diese Lösungen favorisieren dabei offene Standards und sind mit den internationalen Partnern der "Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations" (NTLTD) abgestimmt