Dole, J.A.; Sinatra, G.M.: Reconceptualizing change in the cognitive construction of knowledge (1989)
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- Abstract
- Until recently, questions about the nature of knowledge and its representation have received far more theoretical and research attention than have questions about how individuals acquire knowledge. Piaget distinguished himself as a notable exception to his contemporaries in that he spent his life studying knowledge acquisition. He described two processes involved in acquisition. He used the term assimilation for the addition of information to existing knowledge structures and accommodation for the modification or change of existing knowledge structures (Piaget, 1985). More recently, these views of knowledge acquisition are well captured by the perspective of cognitive constructivism (Cobb, 1994). Constructivism places prime importance on the individual's active role in the knowledge acquisition process. Researchers after Piaget fine-tuned the constructs of assimilation and accommodation. Schema theorists used the term accretion for the assimilation of new factual information that fits into existing knowledge structures (Rumelhart & Norman, 1981). Cognitive psychologists described various mechanisms of knowledge acquisition, such as addition, deletion, discrimination, and generalization (Chi, 1992).
