Search (12 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

A case study in compatibility and heterogeneity of knowledge organization (KO) systems and processes is presented. It is based in the experience of the author in the field of information for consumer protection, a good example of the emerging transdisciplinary applied social sciences. The activities and knowledge organization problems and solutions of the Aragonian Consumers' Information and Documentation Centre are described and analyzed. Six assertions can be concluded: a) heterogeneity and compatibility are certainly an inherent problem in knowledge organization and also in practical domains; b) knowledge organization is also a social task, not only a lögical one; c) knowledge organization is affected by economical and efficiency considerations; d) knowledge organization is at the heart of Knowledge Management; e) identifying and maintaining the focus in interdisciplinary fields is a must; f the different knowledge organization tools of a institution must be considered as an integrated system, pursuing a unifying model.

Date

16. 3.2008 18:22:50

Type

a

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Abstract

A model for analysing multimedia information is proposed from the point of view of the theory of communication. After a brief presentation of the complex map of the sciences that deal with multimedia communication in its different aspects, the current multimedia revolution is historically contextualized as a tendency towards messages that are able to build near-reality experiences (virtual reality). After setting the theoretical point of view, an analysis of multimedia messages is substantiated and a model is presented. The first part of the model deals with the different communications channels and tools: still images, movies, sounds, texts, text with illustrations, audiovisuals and interactive multimedia, with an emphasis in nontextual documents. The second part addresses the global properties of the multimedia message, which are of a textual and metatextual nature. The overlapping of media, channels, genres and messages-and the conscious and technical use of such interactions-is precisely one of the main and outstanding characteristics of the multimedia discourse, and requires specific moves in indexing languages development. The multimedia environment has also a great potential to promote a wider theory of knowledge organization, bringing closer distant fields like scientific and fictional indexing or verbal and image indexing. It is stated that such a unified theory requires a closer attention to the pragmatic aspects of indexing and the inclusion of new semantic layers. A simple indexing model is proposed to illustrate who to address these challenges.

Source

Knowledge organization for a global learning society: Proceedings of the 9th International ISKO Conference, 4-7 July 2006, Vienna, Austria. Hrsg.: G. Budin, C. Swertz u. K. Mitgutsch

Type

a

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Abstract

Intended is first of all a preliminary review of the implications that the new approaches to the theory of classification, mainly from cognitive psychology and epistemology may have for information work and research. As a secondary topic the scientific relations existing among information science, epistemology and the cognitive sciences are discussed. Classification is seen as a central activity in all daily and scientific activities, and, of course, of knowledge organization in information services. There is a mutual implication between classification and conceptualization, as the former moves in a natural way to the latter and the best result elaborated for classification is the concept. Research in concept theory is a need for a theory of classification. In this direction it is of outstanding importance to integrate the achievements of 'natural concept formation theory' (NCFT) as an alternative approach to conceptualization different from the traditional one of logicians and problem solving researchers. In conclusion both approaches are seen as being complementary: the NCFT approach being closer to the user and the logical one being more suitable for experts, including 'expert systems'

Type

a

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Abstract

Reports the methodology of a training seminar in which comparative analysis of pre-coordinated and post-coordinated procedures was examined. Evaluates training seminars as teaching activities which allow teachers to overcome the problem of a high number of students in a class

Type

a

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Abstract

Discusses classification as a central resource of human informational activity and as a central aspect of research for many sciences. Argues that thinking about the background of classification can help improve, or at least clarify, the practical tasks of documentary workers and librarians. Discusses the relationship and gaps between cognitive science and information science, and considers the contributions of epistemology and cognitive psychology; in particular, focuses on the role of the latter in the development of an integrative theory of classification

Type

a

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Abstract

Considers classification in the context of the information retrieval chain, a communication process. Defines classification as an heuristic methodology, which is being improved through scientific methodology. It is also an indexing process, setting each document in a systematic order, in a predictable place and therefore able to be efficiently retrieved. Classification appears to be determined by 4 factors: the structure of the world of documents, a function of the world of knowledge; the classification tools that allow us to codify them; the way in which people create and use classifications; and the features of the information unit

Type

a

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Abstract

Pictorial image retrieval is analysed as a cognitive process. Such a model could build on the physical paradigm of information science, based on the general model proposed by Shannon and Weaver. Some of the different cognitive approaches which are possible are modeling: a) the communicative interaction, with different possibilities depending on which level of the process the researcher wishes to emphasise; b) the acquisition of image information, attending to the perceptual qualities of images, the recognition of objects, the assigning of meaning and the gestalt process; c) the image retrieval process as a problem solving interaction, where the user solves an informational problem by using metacognitive processes, such as search strategies and translation processes; and d) the translation processes between imagination and conceptual thinking that image retrieval requires. The first has a great theoretical potential to integrate the rest of them. From a general point of view, information retrieval interactions constitute communication processes, where semantic and pragmatic aspects are as important as the transmission of a message. In this context, images and text conform to two distinct forms of communication, deeply rooted in our cognitive system, that produce distinct forms of knowledge. In spite of that, pictorial retrieval requires the involvement of conceptual thinking, requiring some kind of translation between concepts and images on the part of the system, the user or the mediator, that is, the information professional.

Type

a

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Abstract

Presents the concept and the techniques identified by the term data mining. Explains the principles and phases of developing a data mining process, and the main types of data mining tools

Type

a

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Abstract

Analyses the concept of a user friendly interface together with the key position it occupies in information retrieval systems: the control of intercation with the human operator, and the optimisation of the relationship between them. Proposes a definition of friendliness to ensure the proper evaluation of an interface. Traces a schematic history of the human-machine interface develoment and considers its cognitive backgrounds and development techniques. Discusses 3 innovative prototypes in the field of bibliographic information: Icarus; The BookHouse; and Okapi. Considers the future development of interaction between bibliographic information systems and users

Type

a

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Abstract

Considers leading scientific paradigms that have influenced the work of information scientists, particularly in the field of knowledge representation and organization. Discusses the underlying models, methodologies and applications, considering the possibility of integration into an expanded cognitive paradigm. Emphasises the importance of a working interface between theory and practice and an adherence to scientific methodology

Type

a

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Abstract

Discusses the course content and instructional sequence for teaching knowledge organization in universities as an interdisciplinary subject. Covers the interdisciplinary background and vocabulary; the representation-retrieval chain; and practice of information retrieval from a semantic-cognitve point of view. This should be followed by classification, indexing and abstracting. When enough practical experience has been acquired, students should be taught the creation, adaptation and maintenance of documentary languages. Finally, students should be introduced to automatic representation and organization of knowledge

Type

a

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Type

a