Jeong, W.; Gluck, M.: Multimodal geographic information systems : adding haptic and auditory display (2003)
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- Abstract
- Jeong and Gluck test the efficacy of haptic perception as realized by vibro-tactile stimulation along with auditory stimulus while transferring choroplethic information (showing different magnitudes of variables at locations) from maps in a geographical information system to 51 useable subjects. User performance is measured by task completion times for 36 tasks, and user satisfaction by asking users for their assessments of the various modalities. The mode of the trial, (haptic, auditory, or combined), the presence or absence of a map legend, the classed or un-classed nature of the map, and the task (identifying the highest or middle value of a set of data) constituted the independent variables. Participants were asked to identify the number of dogs, cats, male nurses, et cetera, shown on 9 state maps. The force feedback mouse provides a vibration proportional to the level of data for that location and a sound is played in one of nine different volume settings. Haptic displays produced faster and more accurate performance than auditory or combined displays although the participants expressed preference for the combined display.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.3, S.229-242
