-
Zhang, Y.; Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: Identification of factors predicting clickthrough in Web searching using neural network analysis (2009)
0.02
0.01540514 = product of:
0.03081028 = sum of:
0.03081028 = product of:
0.04621542 = sum of:
0.009017859 = weight(_text_:a in 2742) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009017859 = score(doc=2742,freq=10.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.1709182 = fieldWeight in 2742, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2742)
0.03719756 = weight(_text_:22 in 2742) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.03719756 = score(doc=2742,freq=2.0), product of:
0.16023713 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.23214069 = fieldWeight in 2742, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2742)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- In this research, we aim to identify factors that significantly affect the clickthrough of Web searchers. Our underlying goal is determine more efficient methods to optimize the clickthrough rate. We devise a clickthrough metric for measuring customer satisfaction of search engine results using the number of links visited, number of queries a user submits, and rank of clicked links. We use a neural network to detect the significant influence of searching characteristics on future user clickthrough. Our results show that high occurrences of query reformulation, lengthy searching duration, longer query length, and the higher ranking of prior clicked links correlate positively with future clickthrough. We provide recommendations for leveraging these findings for improving the performance of search engine retrieval and result ranking, along with implications for search engine marketing.
- Date
- 22. 3.2009 17:49:11
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: ¬An analysis of Web searching by European Allthe Web.com users (2005)
0.01
0.008743494 = product of:
0.017486988 = sum of:
0.017486988 = product of:
0.02623048 = sum of:
0.010627648 = weight(_text_:a in 1015) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010627648 = score(doc=1015,freq=20.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.20142901 = fieldWeight in 1015, product of:
4.472136 = tf(freq=20.0), with freq of:
20.0 = termFreq=20.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1015)
0.015602832 = weight(_text_:h in 1015) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.015602832 = score(doc=1015,freq=2.0), product of:
0.113683715 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.13724773 = fieldWeight in 1015, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=1015)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The Web has become a worldwide source of information and a mainstream business tool. It is changing the way people conduct the daily business of their lives. As these changes are occurring, we need to understand what Web searching trends are emerging within the various global regions. What are the regional differences and trends in Web searching, if any? What is the effectiveness of Web search engines as providers of information? As part of a body of research studying these questions, we have analyzed two data sets collected from queries by mainly European users submitted to AlltheWeb.com on 6 February 2001 and 28 May 2002. AlltheWeb.com is a major and highly rated European search engine. Each data set contains approximately a million queries submitted by over 200,000 users and spans a 24-h period. This longitudinal benchmark study shows that European Web searching is evolving in certain directions. There was some decline in query length, with extremely simple queries. European search topics are broadening, with a notable percentage decline in sexual and pornographic searching. The majority of Web searchers view fewer than five Web documents, spending only seconds on a Web document. Approximately 50% of the Web documents viewed by these European users were topically relevant. We discuss the implications for Web information systems and information content providers.
- Type
- a
-
Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.: Web searching : public searching of the Web (2004)
0.00
0.0031605982 = product of:
0.0063211964 = sum of:
0.0063211964 = product of:
0.009481794 = sum of:
0.0016803786 = weight(_text_:a in 1443) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0016803786 = score(doc=1443,freq=2.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.03184872 = fieldWeight in 1443, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=1443)
0.007801416 = weight(_text_:h in 1443) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.007801416 = score(doc=1443,freq=2.0), product of:
0.113683715 = queryWeight, product of:
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.06862386 = fieldWeight in 1443, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.4844491 = idf(docFreq=10020, maxDocs=44218)
0.01953125 = fieldNorm(doc=1443)
0.6666667 = coord(2/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Footnote
- Rez. in: Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis 56(2004) H.1, S.61-62 (D. Lewandowski): "Die Autoren des vorliegenden Bandes haben sich in den letzten Jahren durch ihre zahlreichen Veröffentlichungen zum Verhalten von Suchmaschinen-Nutzern einen guten Namen gemacht. Das nun erschienene Buch bietet eine Zusammenfassung der verstreut publizierten Aufsätze und stellt deren Ergebnisse in den Kontext eines umfassenderen Forschungsansatzes. Spink und Jansen verwenden zur Analyse des Nutzungsverhaltens query logs von Suchmaschinen. In diesen werden vom Server Informationen protokolliert, die die Anfragen an diesen Server betreffen. Daten, die aus diesen Dateien gewonnen werden können, sind unter anderem die gestellten Suchanfragen, die Adresse des Rechners, von dem aus die Anfrage gestellt wurde, sowie die aus den Trefferlisten ausgewählten Dokumente. Der klare Vorteil der Analyse von Logfiles liegt in der Möglichkeit, große Datenmengen ohne hohen personellen Aufwand erheben zu können. Die Daten einer Vielzahl anonymer Nutzer können analysiert werden; ohne dass dabei die Datenerhebung das Nutzerverhalten beeinflusst. Dies ist bei Suchmaschinen von besonderer Bedeutung, weil sie im Gegensatz zu den meisten anderen professionellen Information-Retrieval-Systemen nicht nur im beruflichen Kontext, sondern auch (und vor allem) privat genutzt werden. Das Bild des Nutzungsverhaltens wird in Umfragen und Laboruntersuchungen verfälscht, weil Nutzer ihr Anfrageverhalten falsch einschätzen oder aber die Themen ihrer Anfragen nicht nennen möchten. Hier ist vor allem an Suchanfragen, die auf medizinische oder pornographische Inhalte gerichtet sind, zu denken. Die Analyse von Logfiles ist allerdings auch mit Problemen behaftet: So sind nicht alle gewünschten Daten überhaupt in den Logfiles enthalten (es fehlen alle Informationen über den einzelnen Nutzer), es werden keine qualitativen Informationen wie etwa der Grund einer Suche erfasst und die Logfiles sind aufgrund technischer Gegebenheiten teils unvollständig. Die Autoren schließen aus den genannten Vor- und Nachteilen, dass sich Logfiles gut für die Auswertung des Nutzerverhaltens eignen, bei der Auswertung jedoch die Ergebnisse von Untersuchungen, welche andere Methoden verwenden, berücksichtigt werden sollten.
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Saracevic, T.: Real life, real users and real needs : a study and analysis of users queries on the Web (2000)
0.00
0.002328401 = product of:
0.004656802 = sum of:
0.004656802 = product of:
0.013970406 = sum of:
0.013970406 = weight(_text_:a in 411) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.013970406 = score(doc=411,freq=6.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.26478532 = fieldWeight in 411, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=411)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Type
- a
-
Spink, A.; Park, M.; Jansen, B.J.; Pedersen, J.: Elicitation and use of relevance feedback information (2006)
0.00
0.0019403342 = product of:
0.0038806684 = sum of:
0.0038806684 = product of:
0.011642005 = sum of:
0.011642005 = weight(_text_:a in 967) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011642005 = score(doc=967,freq=24.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.22065444 = fieldWeight in 967, product of:
4.8989797 = tf(freq=24.0), with freq of:
24.0 = termFreq=24.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=967)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- A user's single session with a Web search engine or information retrieval (IR) system may consist of seeking information on single or multiple topics, and switch between tasks or multitasking information behavior. Most Web search sessions consist of two queries of approximately two words. However, some Web search sessions consist of three or more queries. We present findings from two studies. First, a study of two-query search sessions on the AltaVista Web search engine, and second, a study of three or more query search sessions on the AltaVista Web search engine. We examine the degree of multitasking search and information task switching during these two sets of AltaVista Web search sessions. A sample of two-query and three or more query sessions were filtered from AltaVista transaction logs from 2002 and qualitatively analyzed. Sessions ranged in duration from less than a minute to a few hours. Findings include: (1) 81% of two-query sessions included multiple topics, (2) 91.3% of three or more query sessions included multiple topics, (3) there are a broad variety of topics in multitasking search sessions, and (4) three or more query sessions sometimes contained frequent topic changes. Multitasking is found to be a growing element in Web searching. This paper proposes an approach to interactive information retrieval (IR) contextually within a multitasking framework. The implications of our findings for Web design and further research are discussed.
- Type
- a
-
Wolfram, D.; Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.; Saracevic, T.: Vox populi : the public searching of the Web (2001)
0.00
0.0019011315 = product of:
0.003802263 = sum of:
0.003802263 = product of:
0.011406789 = sum of:
0.011406789 = weight(_text_:a in 6949) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011406789 = score(doc=6949,freq=4.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.2161963 = fieldWeight in 6949, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=6949)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Booth, D.L.; Spink, A.: Determining the informational, navigational, and transactional intent of Web queries (2008)
0.00
0.0017783458 = product of:
0.0035566916 = sum of:
0.0035566916 = product of:
0.010670074 = sum of:
0.010670074 = weight(_text_:a in 2091) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010670074 = score(doc=2091,freq=14.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.20223314 = fieldWeight in 2091, product of:
3.7416575 = tf(freq=14.0), with freq of:
14.0 = termFreq=14.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2091)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- In this paper, we define and present a comprehensive classification of user intent for Web searching. The classification consists of three hierarchical levels of informational, navigational, and transactional intent. After deriving attributes of each, we then developed a software application that automatically classified queries using a Web search engine log of over a million and a half queries submitted by several hundred thousand users. Our findings show that more than 80% of Web queries are informational in nature, with about 10% each being navigational and transactional. In order to validate the accuracy of our algorithm, we manually coded 400 queries and compared the results from this manual classification to the results determined by the automated method. This comparison showed that the automatic classification has an accuracy of 74%. Of the remaining 25% of the queries, the user intent is vague or multi-faceted, pointing to the need for probabilistic classification. We discuss how search engines can use knowledge of user intent to provide more targeted and relevant results in Web searching.
- Type
- a
-
Koshman, S.; Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.: Web searching on the Vivisimo search engine (2006)
0.00
0.0017712747 = product of:
0.0035425494 = sum of:
0.0035425494 = product of:
0.010627648 = sum of:
0.010627648 = weight(_text_:a in 216) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.010627648 = score(doc=216,freq=20.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.20142901 = fieldWeight in 216, product of:
4.472136 = tf(freq=20.0), with freq of:
20.0 = termFreq=20.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=216)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The application of clustering to Web search engine technology is a novel approach that offers structure to the information deluge often faced by Web searchers. Clustering methods have been well studied in research labs; however, real user searching with clustering systems in operational Web environments is not well understood. This article reports on results from a transaction log analysis of Vivisimo.com, which is a Web meta-search engine that dynamically clusters users' search results. A transaction log analysis was conducted on 2-week's worth of data collected from March 28 to April 4 and April 25 to May 2, 2004, representing 100% of site traffic during these periods and 2,029,734 queries overall. The results show that the highest percentage of queries contained two terms. The highest percentage of search sessions contained one query and was less than 1 minute in duration. Almost half of user interactions with clusters consisted of displaying a cluster's result set, and a small percentage of interactions showed cluster tree expansion. Findings show that 11.1% of search sessions were multitasking searches, and there are a broad variety of search topics in multitasking search sessions. Other searching interactions and statistics on repeat users of the search engine are reported. These results provide insights into search characteristics with a cluster-based Web search engine and extend research into Web searching trends.
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Blakely, C.; Koshman, S.: Defining a session on Web search engines (2007)
0.00
0.0015842763 = product of:
0.0031685526 = sum of:
0.0031685526 = product of:
0.0095056575 = sum of:
0.0095056575 = weight(_text_:a in 285) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0095056575 = score(doc=285,freq=16.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.18016359 = fieldWeight in 285, product of:
4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
16.0 = termFreq=16.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=285)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Detecting query reformulations within a session by a Web searcher is an important area of research for designing more helpful searching systems and targeting content to particular users. Methods explored by other researchers include both qualitative (i.e., the use of human judges to manually analyze query patterns on usually small samples) and nondeterministic algorithms, typically using large amounts of training data to predict query modification during sessions. In this article, we explore three alternative methods for detection of session boundaries. All three methods are computationally straightforward and therefore easily implemented for detection of session changes. We examine 2,465,145 interactions from 534,507 users of Dogpile.com on May 6, 2005. We compare session analysis using (a) Internet Protocol address and cookie; (b) Internet Protocol address, cookie, and a temporal limit on intrasession interactions; and (c) Internet Protocol address, cookie, and query reformulation patterns. Overall, our analysis shows that defining sessions by query reformulation along with Internet Protocol address and cookie provides the best measure, resulting in an 82% increase in the count of sessions. Regardless of the method used, the mean session length was fewer than three queries, and the mean session duration was less than 30 min. Searchers most often modified their query by changing query terms (nearly 23% of all query modifications) rather than adding or deleting terms. Implications are that for measuring searching traffic, unique sessions may be a better indicator than the common metric of unique visitors. This research also sheds light on the more complex aspects of Web searching involving query modifications and may lead to advances in searching tools.
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Pedersen, J.: ¬A temporal comparison of AItaVista Web searching (2005)
0.00
0.0015029765 = product of:
0.003005953 = sum of:
0.003005953 = product of:
0.009017859 = sum of:
0.009017859 = weight(_text_:a in 3454) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009017859 = score(doc=3454,freq=10.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.1709182 = fieldWeight in 3454, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=3454)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Major Web search engines, such as AItaVista, are essential tools in the quest to locate online information. This article reports research that used transaction log analysis to examine the characteristics and changes in AItaVista Web searching that occurred from 1998 to 2002. The research questions we examined are (1) What are the changes in AItaVista Web searching from 1998 to 2002? (2) What are the current characteristics of AItaVista searching, including the duration and frequency of search sessions? (3) What changes in the information needs of AItaVista users occurred between 1998 and 2002? The results of our research show (1) a move toward more interactivity with increases in session and query length, (2) with 70% of session durations at 5 minutes or less, the frequency of interaction is increasing, but it is happening very quickly, and (3) a broadening range of Web searchers' information needs, with the most frequent terms accounting for less than 1% of total term usage. We discuss the implications of these findings for the development of Web search engines.
- Type
- a
-
Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.; Pedersen , J.: Searching for people on Web search engines (2004)
0.00
0.0013720235 = product of:
0.002744047 = sum of:
0.002744047 = product of:
0.008232141 = sum of:
0.008232141 = weight(_text_:a in 4429) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.008232141 = score(doc=4429,freq=12.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.15602624 = fieldWeight in 4429, product of:
3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
12.0 = termFreq=12.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=4429)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The Web is a communication and information technology that is often used for the distribution and retrieval of personal information. Many people and organizations mount Web sites containing large amounts of information on individuals, particularly about celebrities. However, limited studies have examined how people search for information on other people, using personal names, via Web search engines. Explores the nature of personal name searching on Web search engines. The specific research questions addressed in the study are: "Do personal names form a major part of queries to Web search engines?"; "What are the characteristics of personal name Web searching?"; and "How effective is personal name Web searching?". Random samples of queries from two Web search engines were analyzed. The findings show that: personal name searching is a common but not a major part of Web searching with few people seeking information on celebrities via Web search engines; few personal name queries include double quotations or additional identifying terms; and name searches on Alta Vista included more advanced search features relative to those on AlltheWeb.com. Discusses the implications of the findings for Web searching and search engines, and further research.
- Type
- a
-
Tjondronegoro, D.; Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.: ¬A study and comparison of multimedia Web searching : 1997-2006 (2009)
0.00
0.0013720235 = product of:
0.002744047 = sum of:
0.002744047 = product of:
0.008232141 = sum of:
0.008232141 = weight(_text_:a in 3090) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.008232141 = score(doc=3090,freq=12.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.15602624 = fieldWeight in 3090, product of:
3.4641016 = tf(freq=12.0), with freq of:
12.0 = termFreq=12.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=3090)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Searching for multimedia is an important activity for users of Web search engines. Studying user's interactions with Web search engine multimedia buttons, including image, audio, and video, is important for the development of multimedia Web search systems. This article provides results from a Weblog analysis study of multimedia Web searching by Dogpile users in 2006. The study analyzes the (a) duration, size, and structure of Web search queries and sessions; (b) user demographics; (c) most popular multimedia Web searching terms; and (d) use of advanced Web search techniques including Boolean and natural language. The current study findings are compared with results from previous multimedia Web searching studies. The key findings are: (a) Since 1997, image search consistently is the dominant media type searched followed by audio and video; (b) multimedia search duration is still short (>50% of searching episodes are <1 min), using few search terms; (c) many multimedia searches are for information about people, especially in audio search; and (d) multimedia search has begun to shift from entertainment to other categories such as medical, sports, and technology (based on the most repeated terms). Implications for design of Web multimedia search engines are discussed.
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Booth, D.L.; Spink, A.: Patterns of query reformulation during Web searching (2009)
0.00
0.001344303 = product of:
0.002688606 = sum of:
0.002688606 = product of:
0.008065818 = sum of:
0.008065818 = weight(_text_:a in 2936) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.008065818 = score(doc=2936,freq=8.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.15287387 = fieldWeight in 2936, product of:
2.828427 = tf(freq=8.0), with freq of:
8.0 = termFreq=8.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2936)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Query reformulation is a key user behavior during Web search. Our research goal is to develop predictive models of query reformulation during Web searching. This article reports results from a study in which we automatically classified the query-reformulation patterns for 964,780 Web searching sessions, composed of 1,523,072 queries, to predict the next query reformulation. We employed an n-gram modeling approach to describe the probability of users transitioning from one query-reformulation state to another to predict their next state. We developed first-, second-, third-, and fourth-order models and evaluated each model for accuracy of prediction, coverage of the dataset, and complexity of the possible pattern set. The results show that Reformulation and Assistance account for approximately 45% of all query reformulations; furthermore, the results demonstrate that the first- and second-order models provide the best predictability, between 28 and 40% overall and higher than 70% for some patterns. Implications are that the n-gram approach can be used for improving searching systems and searching assistance.
- Type
- a
-
Spink, A.; Jansen, B.J.; Blakely, C.; Koshman, S.: ¬A study of results overlap and uniqueness among major Web search engines (2006)
0.00
0.0012674211 = product of:
0.0025348421 = sum of:
0.0025348421 = product of:
0.007604526 = sum of:
0.007604526 = weight(_text_:a in 993) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.007604526 = score(doc=993,freq=16.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.14413087 = fieldWeight in 993, product of:
4.0 = tf(freq=16.0), with freq of:
16.0 = termFreq=16.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=993)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- The performance and capabilities of Web search engines is an important and significant area of research. Millions of people world wide use Web search engines very day. This paper reports the results of a major study examining the overlap among results retrieved by multiple Web search engines for a large set of more than 10,000 queries. Previous smaller studies have discussed a lack of overlap in results returned by Web search engines for the same queries. The goal of the current study was to conduct a large-scale study to measure the overlap of search results on the first result page (both non-sponsored and sponsored) across the four most popular Web search engines, at specific points in time using a large number of queries. The Web search engines included in the study were MSN Search, Google, Yahoo! and Ask Jeeves. Our study then compares these results with the first page results retrieved for the same queries by the metasearch engine Dogpile.com. Two sets of randomly selected user-entered queries, one set was 10,316 queries and the other 12,570 queries, from Infospace's Dogpile.com search engine (the first set was from Dogpile, the second was from across the Infospace Network of search properties were submitted to the four single Web search engines). Findings show that the percent of total results unique to only one of the four Web search engines was 84.9%, shared by two of the three Web search engines was 11.4%, shared by three of the Web search engines was 2.6%, and shared by all four Web search engines was 1.1%. This small degree of overlap shows the significant difference in the way major Web search engines retrieve and rank results in response to given queries. Results point to the value of metasearch engines in Web retrieval to overcome the biases of individual search engines.
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.; Koshman, S.: Web searcher interaction with the Dogpile.com metasearch engine (2007)
0.00
0.0012524803 = product of:
0.0025049606 = sum of:
0.0025049606 = product of:
0.007514882 = sum of:
0.007514882 = weight(_text_:a in 270) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.007514882 = score(doc=270,freq=10.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.14243183 = fieldWeight in 270, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=270)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- Metasearch engines are an intuitive method for improving the performance of Web search by increasing coverage, returning large numbers of results with a focus on relevance, and presenting alternative views of information needs. However, the use of metasearch engines in an operational environment is not well understood. In this study, we investigate the usage of Dogpile.com, a major Web metasearch engine, with the aim of discovering how Web searchers interact with metasearch engines. We report results examining 2,465,145 interactions from 534,507 users of Dogpile.com on May 6, 2005 and compare these results with findings from other Web searching studies. We collect data on geographical location of searchers, use of system feedback, content selection, sessions, queries, and term usage. Findings show that Dogpile.com searchers are mainly from the USA (84% of searchers), use about 3 terms per query (mean = 2.85), implement system feedback moderately (8.4% of users), and generally (56% of users) spend less than one minute interacting with the Web search engine. Overall, metasearchers seem to have higher degrees of interaction than searchers on non-metasearch engines, but their sessions are for a shorter period of time. These aspects of metasearching may be what define the differences from other forms of Web searching. We discuss the implications of our findings in relation to metasearch for Web searchers, search engines, and content providers.
- Type
- a
-
Spink, A.; Wolfram, D.; Jansen, B.J.; Saracevic, T.: Searching the Web : the public and their queries (2001)
0.00
0.0010019843 = product of:
0.0020039687 = sum of:
0.0020039687 = product of:
0.0060119056 = sum of:
0.0060119056 = weight(_text_:a in 6980) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0060119056 = score(doc=6980,freq=10.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.11394546 = fieldWeight in 6980, product of:
3.1622777 = tf(freq=10.0), with freq of:
10.0 = termFreq=10.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.03125 = fieldNorm(doc=6980)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Abstract
- In previous articles, we reported the state of Web searching in 1997 (Jansen, Spink, & Saracevic, 2000) and in 1999 (Spink, Wolfram, Jansen, & Saracevic, 2001). Such snapshot studies and statistics on Web use appear regularly (OCLC, 1999), but provide little information about Web searching trends. In this article, we compare and contrast results from our two previous studies of Excite queries' data sets, each containing over 1 million queries submitted by over 200,000 Excite users collected on 16 September 1997 and 20 December 1999. We examine how public Web searching changing during that 2-year time period. As Table 1 shows, the overall structure of Web queries in some areas did not change, while in others we see change from 1997 to 1999. Our comparison shows how Web searching changed incrementally and also dramatically. We see some moves toward greater simplicity, including shorter queries (i.e., fewer terms) and shorter sessions (i.e., fewer queries per user), with little modification (addition or deletion) of terms in subsequent queries. The trend toward shorter queries suggests that Web information content should target specific terms in order to reach Web users. Another trend was to view fewer pages of results per query. Most Excite users examined only one page of results per query, since an Excite results page contains ten ranked Web sites. Were users satisfied with the results and did not need to view more pages? It appears that the public continues to have a low tolerance of wading through retrieved sites. This decline in interactivity levels is a disturbing finding for the future of Web searching. Queries that included Boolean operators were in the minority, but the percentage increased between the two time periods. Most Boolean use involved the AND operator with many mistakes. The use of relevance feedback almost doubled from 1997 to 1999, but overall use was still small. An unusually large number of terms were used with low frequency, such as personal names, spelling errors, non-English words, and Web-specific terms, such as URLs. Web query vocabulary contains more words than found in large English texts in general. The public language of Web queries has its own and unique characteristics. How did Web searching topics change from 1997 to 1999? We classified a random sample of 2,414 queries from 1997 and 2,539 queries from 1999 into 11 categories (Table 2). From 1997 to 1999, Web searching shifted from entertainment, recreation and sex, and pornography, preferences to e-commerce-related topics under commerce, travel, employment, and economy. This shift coincided with changes in information distribution on the publicly indexed Web.
- Type
- a
-
Jansen, B.J.; Spink, A.: How are we searching the World Wide Web? : A comparison of nine search engine transaction logs (2006)
0.00
9.701671E-4 = product of:
0.0019403342 = sum of:
0.0019403342 = product of:
0.0058210026 = sum of:
0.0058210026 = weight(_text_:a in 968) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0058210026 = score(doc=968,freq=6.0), product of:
0.052761257 = queryWeight, product of:
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.045758117 = queryNorm
0.11032722 = fieldWeight in 968, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.153047 = idf(docFreq=37942, maxDocs=44218)
0.0390625 = fieldNorm(doc=968)
0.33333334 = coord(1/3)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
- Type
- a