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Kuhlen, R.; Semar, W.: Information - ein Konstrukt mit Folgen (2023)
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- Abstract
- Im Anschluss an die einführenden, auf Information bezogenen Kapitel in der 5. und 6. Ausgabe der Grundlagen (Kuhlen 2004; Kuhlen 2013) soll das pragmatische Verständnis von Information hier weiter theoretisch abgesichert werden.1 Um es auf den Punkt zu bringen: Information wird nicht über einen (wie auch immer begründeten) Wahrheitsbegriff bestimmt. Was Information ist, was also Nutzer oder Nutzerinnen in Situationen informationeller Unsicherheit oder Unterbestimmtheit tatsächlich aus der auf sie einstürmenden oder ihnen zur Verfügung gestellten Informationsangebote verwenden, was also zu Information wird, entscheiden letztlich sie - wobei das sicherlich nicht immer autonome Entscheidungen sind, dafür sind die darauf wirkenden externen Kontextfaktoren zu groß.
- Source
- Grundlagen der Informationswissenschaft. Hrsg.: Rainer Kuhlen, Dirk Lewandowski, Wolfgang Semar und Christa Womser-Hacker. 7., völlig neu gefasste Ausg
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Kuhlen, R.: Creative Commons : Im Interesse der Kreativen und der Innovation (2005)
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- Abstract
- Creative Commons (CC) ist das Verfahren, mit dem Produzenten von Wissen und Informationen selbstbestimmt Lizenzen erteilen können - in Analogie zur General Public License (GPL) im Software-Bereich, wie sie von Richard Stallman formuliert wurde (vgl. Stallman 2002). CC geht auf die Initiative von Lawrence Lessig zurück, derzeit Rechtsprofessor in Stanford, theoretisch abgesichert u.a. in seinen Büchern, die inzwischen schon Kultstatus erreicht haben (Lessig 1999, 2001, 2003). Demnach können Werke grundsätzlich frei zum Nutzen des öffentlichen Bereichs genutzt (kopiert und weiter verbreitet) werden, allerdings nur mit Referenz auf den Autor. Die kommerzielle Nutzung kann erlaubt oder verweigert werden, und auch das Recht auf Modifikation kann gewährt oder versagt werden, wobei die Modifikation selbst wieder unter die CCLizenz gestellt werden und die Referenz auf den Ursprungsautor erhalten bleiben muss. Die rechtliche Verbindlichkeit der Lizenz bindet sich an die jeweiligen nationalen Gesetze für den Schutz geistigen Eigentums zurück - für diese Verbindlichkeit haben Juristen gesorgt. Jeder Autor kann das Einhalten seiner Lizenzbedingungen so notfalls einklagen. Die CC-Lizenz gibt also jedem Autor die Möglichkeit an die Hand, die Nutzung seiner Werke, jedweder medialen Art, zu spezifizieren. Dem im Urheberrecht bzw. Copyright zu Grunde liegenden strikten »All Rights Reserved« setzt CC ein flexibles »Some Rights Reserved« entgegen, d.h. die Autoren verzichten in einem von ihnen selbst bestimmten Maße auf einige - keinesfalls auf alle - Rechte.
-
Kuhlen, R.: Praktische und theoretische Visionen von Hypertext (1991)
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-
Kuhlen, R.: Annäherung an Informationsutopien über offene Hypertextsysteme (1994)
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- Source
- Begriffliche Wissensverarbeitung: Grundfragen und Aufgaben. Hrsg.: R. Wille u. M. Zickwolff
-
Kuhlen, R.: Umgang mit Wissen in den neunziger Jahren : zur Virtualisierung von Bibliotheken und Büchern (1994)
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- Source
- Forschung und Lehre. 1(1994) H.1/2, S.24-26
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Kuhlen, R.: Globale, regionale elektronische Marktplätze : Forum und Markt (1996)
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- Source
- Herausforderungen an die Informationswirtschaft: Informationsverdichtung, Informationsbewertung und Datenvisualisierung. Proceedings des 5. Internationalen Symposiums für Informationswissenschaft (ISI'96), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 17.-19. Oktober 1996. Hrsg.: J. Krause u.a
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Kuhlen, R.: Informationsethik - Die Entwicklung von Normen für den Umgang mit Wissen und Information in elektronischen Räumen (2005)
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- Source
- Bibliothekswissenschaft - quo vadis? Eine Disziplin zwischen Traditionen und Visionen: Programme - Modelle - Forschungsaufgaben / Library Science - quo vadis? A Discipline between Challenges and Opportunities: Programs - Models - Research Assignments. Mit einem Geleitwort von / With a Preface by Guy St. Clair Consulting Specialist for Knowledge Management and Learning, New York, NY und einem Vorwort von / and a Foreword by Georg Ruppelt Sprecher von / Speaker of BID - Bibliothek & Information Deutschland Bundesvereinigung Deutscher Bibliotheksund Informationsverbände e.V. Hrsg. von P. Hauke
-
Kuhlen, R.: Informationsaufbereitung III : Referieren (Abstracts - Abstracting - Grundlagen) (2004)
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- Abstract
- Was ein Abstract (im Folgenden synonym mit Referat oder Kurzreferat gebraucht) ist, legt das American National Standards Institute in einer Weise fest, die sicherlich von den meisten Fachleuten akzeptiert werden kann: "An abstract is defined as an abbreviated, accurate representation of the contents of a document"; fast genauso die deutsche Norm DIN 1426: "Das Kurzreferat gibt kurz und klar den Inhalt des Dokuments wieder." Abstracts gehören zum wissenschaftlichen Alltag. Weitgehend allen Publikationen, zumindest in den naturwissenschaftlichen, technischen, informationsbezogenen oder medizinischen Bereichen, gehen Abstracts voran, "prefe-rably prepared by its author(s) for publication with it". Es gibt wohl keinen Wissenschaftler, der nicht irgendwann einmal ein Abstract geschrieben hätte. Gehört das Erstellen von Abstracts dann überhaupt zur dokumentarischen bzw informationswissenschaftlichen Methodenlehre, wenn es jeder kann? Was macht den informationellen Mehrwert aus, der durch Expertenreferate gegenüber Laienreferaten erzeugt wird? Dies ist nicht so leicht zu beantworten, zumal geeignete Bewertungsverfahren fehlen, die Qualität von Abstracts vergleichend "objektiv" zu messen. Abstracts werden in erheblichem Umfang von Informationsspezialisten erstellt, oft unter der Annahme, dass Autoren selber dafür weniger geeignet sind. Vergegenwärtigen wir uns, was wir über Abstracts und Abstracting wissen. Ein besonders gelungenes Abstract ist zuweilen klarer als der Ursprungstext selber, darf aber nicht mehr Information als dieser enthalten: "Good abstracts are highly structured, concise, and coherent, and are the result of a thorough analysis of the content of the abstracted materials. Abstracts may be more readable than the basis documents, but because of size constraints they rarely equal and never surpass the information content of the basic document". Dies ist verständlich, denn ein "Abstract" ist zunächst nichts anderes als ein Ergebnis des Vorgangs einer Abstraktion. Ohne uns zu sehr in die philosophischen Hintergründe der Abstraktion zu verlieren, besteht diese doch "in der Vernachlässigung von bestimmten Vorstellungsbzw. Begriffsinhalten, von welchen zugunsten anderer Teilinhalte abgesehen, abstrahiert' wird. Sie ist stets verbunden mit einer Fixierung von (interessierenden) Merkmalen durch die aktive Aufmerksamkeit, die unter einem bestimmten pragmatischen Gesichtspunkt als wesentlich' für einen vorgestellten bzw für einen unter einen Begriff fallenden Gegenstand (oder eine Mehrheit von Gegenständen) betrachtet werden". Abstracts reduzieren weniger Begriffsinhalte, sondern Texte bezüglich ihres proportionalen Gehaltes. Borko/ Bernier haben dies sogar quantifiziert; sie schätzen den Reduktionsfaktor auf 1:10 bis 1:12
- Source
- Grundlagen der praktischen Information und Dokumentation. 5., völlig neu gefaßte Ausgabe. 2 Bde. Hrsg. von R. Kuhlen, Th. Seeger u. D. Strauch. Begründet von Klaus Laisiepen, Ernst Lutterbeck, Karl-Heinrich Meyer-Uhlenried. Bd.1: Handbuch zur Einführung in die Informationswissenschaft und -praxis
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Fuhr, N.; Kuhlen, R.; Ockenfeld, M.; Womser-Hacker, C.: Gerhard Knorz ┼ : Prof. Dr. Gerhard Knorz, geboren am 21. Juni 1951, ist am 16. März 2015 im Alter von 63 Jahren verstorben (2015)
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- Source
- Information - Wissenschaft und Praxis. 66(2015) H.4, S.269-270
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Kuhlen, R.: ¬Das Ethos der Informationsgesellschaft ist das Internet : Anmerkungen zum ersten INFOethics-Kongreß der UNESCO (1997)
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-
Kuhlen, R.: Information in der informierten Gesellschaft (1987)
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-
Kuhlen, R.: Volltextanalyse zum Zwecke des Abstracting (1983)
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- Source
- Deutscher Dokumentartag 1982, Lübeck-Travemünde, 29.-30.9.1982: Fachinformation im Zeitalter der Informationsindustrie. Bearb.: H. Strohl-Goebel
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Kuhlen, R.: ¬Ein Beitrag der Informationswissenschaft zur Verwissenschaftlichung von Information (1986)
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