Woodard, K.A.; Kulhavy, R.W.; Stock, W.A.; Haygood, R.C.: Comparing elaboration and dual coding theories : the case of maps and text (1993)
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- Abstract
- In 2 experiments, undergraduates studied a city map and then heard a text in which events were associated with map features. Memory for the structural properties of the map directly predicted the recall of text events. These results can be explained by a dual coding model, but not by elaboration theory
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