-
Järvelin, K.; Kristensen, J.; Niemi, T.; Sormunen, E.; Keskustalo, H.: ¬A deductive data model for query expansion (1996)
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- Source
- Proceedings of the 19th Annual International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (ACM SIGIR '96), Zürich, Switzerland, August 18-22, 1996. Eds.: H.P. Frei et al
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Järvelin, K.; Niemi, T.: Deductive information retrieval based on classifications (1993)
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- Abstract
- Modern fact databses contain abundant data classified through several classifications. Typically, users msut consult these classifications in separate manuals or files, thus making their effective use difficult. Contemporary database systems do little support deductive use of classifications. In this study we show how deductive data management techniques can be applied to the utilization of data value classifications. Computation of transitive class relationships is of primary importance here. We define a representation of classifications which supports transitive computation and present an operation-oriented deductive query language tailored for classification-based deductive information retrieval. The operations of this language are on the same abstraction level as relational algebra operations and can be integrated with these to form a powerful and flexible query language for deductive information retrieval. We define the integration of these operations and demonstrate the usefulness of the language in terms of several sample queries
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 44(1993) no.10, S.557-578
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
Klassifikationssysteme im Online-Retrieval
-
Niemi, T.; Jämsen , J.: ¬A query language for discovering semantic associations, part I : approach and formal definition of query primitives (2007)
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- Abstract
- In contemporary query languages, the user is responsible for navigation among semantically related data. Because of the huge amount of data and the complex structural relationships among data in modern applications, it is unrealistic to suppose that the user could know completely the content and structure of the available information. There are several query languages whose purpose is to facilitate navigation in unknown structures of databases. However, the background assumption of these languages is that the user knows how data are related to each other semantically in the structure at hand. So far only little attention has been paid to how unknown semantic associations among available data can be discovered. We address this problem in this article. A semantic association between two entities can be constructed if a sequence of relationships expressed explicitly in a database can be found that connects these entities to each other. This sequence may contain several other entities through which the original entities are connected to each other indirectly. We introduce an expressive and declarative query language for discovering semantic associations. Our query language is able, for example, to discover semantic associations between entities for which only some of the characteristics are known. Further, it integrates the manipulation of semantic associations with the manipulation of documents that may contain information on entities in semantic associations.
- Content
- Part II: Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.11, S.1686-1700.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.11, S.1559-1568
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Niemi, T.; Jämsen, J.: ¬A query language for discovering semantic associations, part II : sample queries and query evaluation (2007)
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- Abstract
- In our query language introduced in Part I (Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.11, S.1559-1568) the user can formulate queries to find out (possibly complex) semantic relationships among entities. In this article we demonstrate the usage of our query language and discuss the new applications that it supports. We categorize several query types and give sample queries. The query types are categorized based on whether the entities specified in a query are known or unknown to the user in advance, and whether text information in documents is utilized. Natural language is used to represent the results of queries in order to facilitate correct interpretation by the user. We discuss briefly the issues related to the prototype implementation of the query language and show that an independent operation like Rho (Sheth et al., 2005; Anyanwu & Sheth, 2002, 2003), which presupposes entities of interest to be known in advance, is exceedingly inefficient in emulating the behavior of our query language. The discussion also covers potential problems, and challenges for future work.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 58(2007) no.11, S.1686-1700
- Theme
- Semantisches Umfeld in Indexierung u. Retrieval
-
Näppilä, T.; Järvelin, K.; Niemi, T.: ¬A tool for data cube construction from structurally heterogeneous XML documents (2008)
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- Abstract
- Data cubes for OLAP (On-Line Analytical Processing) often need to be constructed from data located in several distributed and autonomous information sources. Such a data integration process is challenging due to semantic, syntactic, and structural heterogeneity among the data. While XML (extensible markup language) is the de facto standard for data exchange, the three types of heterogeneity remain. Moreover, popular path-oriented XML query languages, such as XQuery, require the user to know in much detail the structure of the documents to be processed and are, thus, effectively impractical in many real-world data integration tasks. Several Lowest Common Ancestor (LCA)-based XML query evaluation strategies have recently been introduced to provide a more structure-independent way to access XML documents. We shall, however, show that this approach leads in the context of certain - not uncommon - types of XML documents to undesirable results. This article introduces a novel high-level data extraction primitive that utilizes the purpose-built Smallest Possible Context (SPC) query evaluation strategy. We demonstrate, through a system prototype for OLAP data cube construction and a sample application in informetrics, that our approach has real advantages in data integration.
- Date
- 9. 2.2008 17:22:42
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.3, S.435-449
-
Järvelin, K.; Ingwersen, P.; Niemi, T.: ¬A user-oriented interface for generalised informetric analysis based on applying advanced data modelling techniques (2000)
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- Abstract
- This article presents a novel user-oriented interface for generalised informetric analysis and demonstrates how informetric calculations can easily and declaratively be specified through advanced data modelling techniques. The interface is declarative and at a high level. Therefore it is easy to use, flexible and extensible. It enables end users to perform basic informetric ad hoc calculations easily and often with much less effort than in contemporary online retrieval systems. It also provides several fruitful generalisations of typical informetric measurements like impact factors. These are based on substituting traditional foci of analysis, for instance journals, by other object types, such as authors, organisations or countries. In the interface, bibliographic data are modelled as complex objects (non-first normal form relations) and terminological and citation networks involving transitive relationships are modelled as binary relations for deductive processing. The interface is flexible, because it makes it easy to switch focus between various object types for informetric calculations, e.g. from authors to institutions. Moreover, it is demonstrated that all informetric data can easily be broken down by criteria that foster advanced analysis, e.g. by years or content-bearing attributes. Such modelling allows flexible data aggregation along many dimensions. These salient features emerge from the query interface's general data restructuring and aggregation capabilities combined with transitive processing capabilities. The features are illustrated by means of sample queries and results in the article.
-
Niemi, T.; Junkkari, M.; Järvelin, K.; Viita, S.: Advanced query language for manipulating complex entities (2004)
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- Source
- Information processing and management. 40(2004) no.6, S.869-
-
Moilanen, K.; Niemi, T.; Näppilä, T.; Kuru, M.: ¬A visual XML dataspace approach for satisfying ad hoc information needs (2015)
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- Abstract
- Dataspace systems constitute a recent data management approach that supports better cooperation among autonomous and heterogeneous data sources with which the user is initially unfamiliar. A central idea is to gradually increase the user's knowledge about the contents, structures, and semantics of the data sources in the dataspace. Without this knowledge, the user is not able to make sophisticated queries. The dataspace systems proposed so far are usually application specific. In contrast, our idea in this paper is to develop an application-independent extensible markup language (XML) dataspace system with versatile facilities. Unlike the other proposed dataspace systems, we show that it is possible to build an interface based on conventional visual tools in terms of which the user can satisfy his or her sophisticated information needs. In our system, the user does not need to master programming techniques nor the XML syntax, which provides a good starting point for its declarative use.
- Source
- Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. 66(2015) no.11, S.2304-2320
-
Niemi, T.; Hirvonen, L.; Järvelin, K.: Multidimensional data model and query language for informetrics (2003)
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- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.10, S.939-951
