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Abstract

Information technology provides resources with which human actors can change the patterns of social action in which they participate. Studies of genre change have been among those that have focused on such change. Those studies, however, have tended not to focus on creative genres. Producers in creative genres often produce their work in an atmosphere with little or no central control and tend to hold values that set their work apart from work found in commercial settings. This study focuses on information technology use by literary authors and asks whether literary authors are likely to use information technology in ways that will reinforce or alter the traditional values seen in American literary publishing.

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Abstract

Various approaches have been taken to organizing literary works, but finding the most effective set of metadata elements remains an unfinished task. This paper focuses on exploring five inductively built sets for organizing new literary works for discovery by members of the American literary community. The sets feature potential metadata elements drawn from a variety of sources, including present and proposed systems, as well as prior theoretical work. The paper describes a survey study that asked members of the American literary community for input about what potential metadata elements they would be likely to use to aid the process of discovering new literary work. The paper discusses the results for each set and discusses possibilities for a new set that combines the most desirable metadata elements from each of the separate sets.

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Date

24. 8.2005 19:20:22

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Abstract

Producers in creative genres are frequently motivated by goals that put those producers in opposition to popular culture and marketplace pressures. Questions about whether those goals reflect values that belong specifically to print culture, or whether those values will continue to motivate producers in creative genres after the introduction of online technology, have not been answered empirically. Previous studies of genre change have been among those that have focused on the ability of human actors to use information technology to alter those genres as social structures. However, these studies have focused on generic artifacts rather than on the creative values that motivated the creation of those artifacts. Editors of small literary magazines (generally referred to as little magazines) make ideal subjects for this study. Creative values play an important role in their decisions, and they frequently publish poetry, fiction, and other work that stand in opposition to popular culture and literature. This study proposed and evaluated a conceptual framework for anticipating whether editors of little magazines will use online technologies to reinforce or alter the values characteristic of their genre. The study found that the values posited in the conceptual framework fit the goals expressed by little magazine editors. Not all editors held those values equally, however. These findings suggest that producers in creative genres can use online technology in ways that actually reflect an intensification of those values. The concept of intensifying use of technology (IUT) was posited to explain the differences.