-
Hawking, D.; Robertson, S.: On collection size and retrieval effectiveness (2003)
0.01
0.006974972 = product of:
0.10462457 = sum of:
0.10462457 = sum of:
0.015786469 = weight(_text_:information in 4109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.015786469 = score(doc=4109,freq=2.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.3103276 = fieldWeight in 4109, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=4109)
0.0888381 = weight(_text_:22 in 4109) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0888381 = score(doc=4109,freq=4.0), product of:
0.101476215 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.8754574 = fieldWeight in 4109, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.125 = fieldNorm(doc=4109)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Date
- 14. 8.2005 14:22:22
- Source
- Information retrieval. 6(2003) no.1, S.99-150
-
Robertson, S.; Tait, J.: In Memoriam Karen Sparck Jones (2007)
0.00
0.0042571733 = product of:
0.06385759 = sum of:
0.06385759 = sum of:
0.016744079 = weight(_text_:information in 2927) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.016744079 = score(doc=2927,freq=4.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.3291521 = fieldWeight in 2927, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2927)
0.047113515 = weight(_text_:22 in 2927) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.047113515 = score(doc=2927,freq=2.0), product of:
0.101476215 = queryWeight, product of:
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.46428138 = fieldWeight in 2927, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
3.5018296 = idf(docFreq=3622, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=2927)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Abstract
- This note is also appearing in the Journal of the American Society for Information Systems and Technology.
- Date
- 26.12.2007 14:22:47
- Source
- Information processing and management. 43(2007) no.6, S.1441-1446
-
Jones, S.; Gatford, M.; Robertson, S.; Hancock-Beaulieu, M.; Secker, J.; Walker, S.: Interactive thesaurus navigation : intelligence rules OK? (1995)
0.00
0.0019283318 = product of:
0.014462488 = sum of:
0.011009198 = weight(_text_:und in 180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011009198 = score(doc=180,freq=2.0), product of:
0.06422601 = queryWeight, product of:
2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.17141339 = fieldWeight in 180, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
2.216367 = idf(docFreq=13101, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=180)
0.00345329 = product of:
0.00690658 = sum of:
0.00690658 = weight(_text_:information in 180) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.00690658 = score(doc=180,freq=2.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.13576832 = fieldWeight in 180, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=180)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.13333334 = coord(2/15)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 46(1995) no.1, S.52-59
- Theme
- Konzeption und Anwendung des Prinzips Thesaurus
-
Robertson, S.: In memoriam Cyril W. Cleverdon (1998)
0.00
4.604387E-4 = product of:
0.00690658 = sum of:
0.00690658 = product of:
0.01381316 = sum of:
0.01381316 = weight(_text_:information in 1797) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.01381316 = score(doc=1797,freq=2.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.27153665 = fieldWeight in 1797, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=1797)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 49(1998) no.10, S.866
-
Robertson, S.; Callan, J.: Routing and filtering (2005)
0.00
4.604387E-4 = product of:
0.00690658 = sum of:
0.00690658 = product of:
0.01381316 = sum of:
0.01381316 = weight(_text_:information in 4688) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.01381316 = score(doc=4688,freq=2.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.27153665 = fieldWeight in 4688, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.109375 = fieldNorm(doc=4688)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Source
- TREC: experiment and evaluation in information retrieval. Ed.: E.M. Voorhees, u. D.K. Harman
-
Hancock-Beaulieu, M.; Robertson, S.; Neilson, C.: Evaluation of online catalogues : eliciting information from the user (1991)
0.00
3.987516E-4 = product of:
0.005981274 = sum of:
0.005981274 = product of:
0.011962548 = sum of:
0.011962548 = weight(_text_:information in 2766) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011962548 = score(doc=2766,freq=6.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.23515764 = fieldWeight in 2766, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2766)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Abstract
- An investigation of tools, techniques, and methods for the evaluation of interactive library catalogues is described, with emphasis on diagnostic methods and on use of the catalogue in a wider context of user information seeking behaviour. A front-end system (Olive) was developed to test verious enhancements of traditional transaction logging as a data-gathering technique for evaluation purposes. These include full-screen logging, pre- and post-search, online/offline, and in-search interactive questionnaires, search replys as well as talk-aloud. The extent of subject or hybrid searching activity as opposed to specific item searching is also highlighted
- Source
- Information processing and management. 27(1991) no.5, S.523-532
-
Robertson, S.: Understanding inverse document frequency : on theoretical arguments for IDF (2004)
0.00
3.987516E-4 = product of:
0.005981274 = sum of:
0.005981274 = product of:
0.011962548 = sum of:
0.011962548 = weight(_text_:information in 4421) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011962548 = score(doc=4421,freq=6.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.23515764 = fieldWeight in 4421, product of:
2.4494898 = tf(freq=6.0), with freq of:
6.0 = termFreq=6.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=4421)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Abstract
- The term-weighting function known as IDF was proposed in 1972, and has since been extremely widely used, usually as part of a TF*IDF function. It is often described as a heuristic, and many papers have been written (some based on Shannon's Information Theory) seeking to establish some theoretical basis for it. Some of these attempts are reviewed, and it is shown that the Information Theory approaches are problematic, but that there are good theoretical justifications of both IDF and TF*IDF in the traditional probabilistic model of information retrieval.
-
Robertson, S.: How Okapi came to TREC (2005)
0.00
3.9466174E-4 = product of:
0.005919926 = sum of:
0.005919926 = product of:
0.011839852 = sum of:
0.011839852 = weight(_text_:information in 5087) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011839852 = score(doc=5087,freq=2.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.23274569 = fieldWeight in 5087, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=5087)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Source
- TREC: experiment and evaluation in information retrieval. Ed.: E.M. Voorhees, u. D.K. Harman
-
Robertson, S.; Tait, J.: Karen Sparck Jones (2008)
0.00
3.9466174E-4 = product of:
0.005919926 = sum of:
0.005919926 = product of:
0.011839852 = sum of:
0.011839852 = weight(_text_:information in 1596) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011839852 = score(doc=1596,freq=2.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.23274569 = fieldWeight in 1596, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.09375 = fieldNorm(doc=1596)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.5, S.852-854
-
Robertson, S.: On the history of evaluation in IR (2009)
0.00
3.7209064E-4 = product of:
0.0055813594 = sum of:
0.0055813594 = product of:
0.011162719 = sum of:
0.011162719 = weight(_text_:information in 3653) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.011162719 = score(doc=3653,freq=4.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.21943474 = fieldWeight in 3653, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=3653)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Abstract
- This paper is a personal take on the history of evaluation experiments in information retrieval. It describes some of the early experiments that were formative in our understanding, and goes on to discuss the current dominance of TREC (the Text REtrieval Conference) and to assess its impact.
- Source
- Information science in transition, Ed.: A. Gilchrist
-
Beaulieu, M.; Robertson, S.; Rasmussen, E.: Evaluating interactive systems in TREC (1996)
0.00
3.255793E-4 = product of:
0.0048836893 = sum of:
0.0048836893 = product of:
0.009767379 = sum of:
0.009767379 = weight(_text_:information in 2998) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.009767379 = score(doc=2998,freq=4.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.1920054 = fieldWeight in 2998, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0546875 = fieldNorm(doc=2998)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Abstract
- The TREC experiments were designed to allow large-scale laboratory testing of information retrieval techniques. As the experiments have progressed, groups within TREC have become increasingly interested in finding ways to allow user interaction without invalidating the experimental design. The development of an 'interactive track' within TREC to accomodate user interaction has required some modifications in the way the retrieval task is designed. In particular there is a need to simulate a realistic interactive searching task within a laboratory environment. Through successive interactive studies in TREC, the Okapi team at City University London has identified methodological issues relevant to this process. A diagnostic experiment was conducted as a follow-up to TREC searches which attempted to isolate the human nad automatic contributions to query formulation and retrieval performance
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science. 47(1996) no.1, S.85-94
-
Bodoff, D.; Robertson, S.: ¬A new unified probabilistic model (2004)
0.00
2.79068E-4 = product of:
0.0041860198 = sum of:
0.0041860198 = product of:
0.0083720395 = sum of:
0.0083720395 = weight(_text_:information in 2129) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0083720395 = score(doc=2129,freq=4.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.16457605 = fieldWeight in 2129, product of:
2.0 = tf(freq=4.0), with freq of:
4.0 = termFreq=4.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.046875 = fieldNorm(doc=2129)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
- Abstract
- This paper proposes a new unified probabilistic model. Two previous models, Robertson et al.'s "Model 0" and "Model 3," each have strengths and weaknesses. The strength of Model 0 not found in Model 3, is that it does not require relevance data about the particular document or query, and, related to that, its probability estimates are straightforward. The strength of Model 3 not found in Model 0 is that it can utilize feedback information about the particular document and query in question. In this paper we introduce a new unified probabilistic model that combines these strengths: the expression of its probabilities is straightforward, it does not require that data must be available for the particular document or query in question, but it can utilize such specific data if it is available. The model is one way to resolve the difficulty of combining two marginal views in probabilistic retrieval.
- Source
- Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.6, S.471-487
-
Robertson, S.: ¬The state of information retrieval : a researcher's view
0.00
2.6310782E-4 = product of:
0.0039466172 = sum of:
0.0039466172 = product of:
0.0078932345 = sum of:
0.0078932345 = weight(_text_:information in 1944) [ClassicSimilarity], result of:
0.0078932345 = score(doc=1944,freq=2.0), product of:
0.050870337 = queryWeight, product of:
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.028978055 = queryNorm
0.1551638 = fieldWeight in 1944, product of:
1.4142135 = tf(freq=2.0), with freq of:
2.0 = termFreq=2.0
1.7554779 = idf(docFreq=20772, maxDocs=44218)
0.0625 = fieldNorm(doc=1944)
0.5 = coord(1/2)
0.06666667 = coord(1/15)
