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Sutton, S.A.; Golder, D.: Achievement Standards Network (ASN) : an application profile for mapping K-12 educational resources to achievement (2008) 0.02

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Abstract: This paper describes metadata development of an application profile for the National Science Digital Library (NSDL) Achievement Standards Network (ASN) in the United States. The ASN is a national repository of machine-readable achievement standards modeled in RDF that shape teaching and learning in the various states. We describe the nature of the ASN metadata and the various uses to which that metadata is applied including the alignment of the standards of one state to those of another and the correlation of those standards to educational resources in support of resource discovery and retrieval.
Source: Metadata for semantic and social applications : proceedings of the International Conference on Dublin Core and Metadata Applications, Berlin, 22 - 26 September 2008, DC 2008: Berlin, Germany / ed. by Jane Greenberg and Wolfgang Klas
Type: a

Sutton, S.A.: Conceptual design and deployment of a metadata framework for educational resources on the Internet (1999) 0.00
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Abstract

The metadata framework described in this article stems from a growing concern of the U.S. Department of Education and its National Library of Education that teachers, students, and parents are encountering increasing difficulty in accessing educational resources on the Internet even as those resources are becoming more abundant. This concern is joined by the realization that as Internet matures as a publishing environment, the successful management of resource repositories will hinge to a great extent on the intelligent use of metadata. We first explicate the conceptual foundations for the Gateway to Educational Materials (GEM) framework including the adoption of the Dublin Core Element Set as its base referent, and the extension of that set to meet the needs of the domain. We then discuss the complex of decisions that must be made regarding selection of the units of description and the structuring of an information space. The article concludes with a discussion of metadata generation, the association of metadata to the objects described, and a general description of the GEM system architecture

Type

a
Baker, T.; Sutton, S.A.: Linked data and the charm of weak semantics : Introduction: the strengths of weak semantics (2015) 0.00
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Abstract

Logic and precision are fundamental to ontologies underlying the semantic web and, by extension, to linked data. This special section focuses on the interaction of semantics, ontologies and linked data. The discussion presents the Simple Knowledge Organization Scheme (SKOS) as a less formal strategy for expressing concept hierarchies and associations and questions the value of deep domain ontologies in favor of simpler vocabularies that are more open to reuse, albeit risking illogical outcomes. RDF ontologies harbor another unexpected drawback. While structurally sound, they leave validation gaps permitting illogical uses, a problem being addressed by a W3C Working Group. Data models based on RDF graphs and properties may replace traditional library catalog models geared to predefined entities, with relationships between RDF classes providing the semantic connections. The BIBFRAME Initiative takes a different and streamlined approach to linking data, building rich networks of information resources rather than relying on a strict underlying structure and vocabulary. Taken together, the articles illustrate the trend toward a pragmatic approach to a Semantic Web, sacrificing some specificity for greater flexibility and partial interoperability.

Footnote

Introduction to a special section "Linked data and the charm of weak semantics".

Type

a
Tennis, J.T.; Sutton, S.A.: Extending the Simple Knowledge Organization System for concept management in vocabulary development applications (2008) 0.00
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Abstract

In this article, we describe the development of an extension to the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) to accommodate the needs of vocabulary development applications (VDA) managing metadata schemes and requiring close tracking of change to both those schemes and their member concepts. We take a neopragmatic epistemic stance in asserting the need for an entity in SKOS modeling to mediate between the abstract concept and the concrete scheme. While the SKOS model sufficiently describes entities for modeling the current state of a scheme in support of indexing and search on the Semantic Web, it lacks the expressive power to serve the needs of VDA needing to maintain scheme historical continuity. We demonstrate preliminarily that conceptualizations drawn from empirical work in modeling entities in the bibliographic universe, such as works, texts, and exemplars, can provide the basis for SKOS extension in ways that support more rigorous demands of capturing concept evolution in VDA.

Type

a

Sutton, S.A.: ¬The role of attorney mental models of law in case relevance determinations : an exploratory analysis (1994) 0.00

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Type: a

Sutton, S.A.: Future service models and the convergence of functions : the reference librarian as technician, author and consultant (1996) 0.00

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Abstract: Explores the future of reference librarianship within the context of the enabling technologies that will chart the course of the development of libraries in the coming decades. Defines a typology of library types ranging from the traditional to the digital in order to explicate shifts in human/machine intermediation and issues of access to both primary and secondary information. Frames developments in the emerging consultative, value added model of service that will dominate the digital library in the context of the typology
Type: a

Sutton, S.A.; Oh, S.G.: GEM: using metadata to enhance Internet retrieval by K-12 teachers (1997) 0.00
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Abstract

The Goal of the Gateway to Educational Materials project is to develop an operational framework to provide teachers on the USA with one-stop/any-stop access to lesson plans, curriculum units and other Internet based educational resources. It is being run by the ERIC Clearinghouse on Information and Technology at Syracuse University. Its tasks are to: develop syntax and practices for its application using HTML specifications and Internet browsers; define a metadata profile and controlled vocabularies; encourage the design of prototype interfaces to GEM metadata; design and implement harvesting tools for retrieving metadata; and develop an organizational structure for the maintenance of the GEM profile and its controlled vocabularies

Type

a
Sutton, S.A.: Metadata quality, utility and the Semantic Web : the case of learning resources and achievement standards (2008) 0.00
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Abstract

This article explores metadata quality issues in the creation and encoding of mappings or correlations of educational resources to K-12 achievement standards and the deployment of the metadata generated on the Semantic Web. The discussion is framed in terms of quality indicia derived from empirical studies of metadata in the Web environment. A number of forces at work in determining the quality of correlations metadata are examined including the nature of the emerging Semantic Web metadata ecosystem itself, the reliance on string values in metadata to identify achievement standards, the growing complexity of the standards environment, and the misalignment in terms of granularity between resource and declared objectives.

Type

a

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