Search (9 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

In this study, we attempt to evaluate the performance of the World Wide Web as an information resource in the domain of international travel. The theoretical framework underpinning our approach recognizes the contribution of models of information seeking behavior and of information systems in explaining World Wide Web usage as an information resource. Specifically, a model integrating the construct of uncertainty in information seeking and the task-technology fit model is presented. To test the integrated model, 217 travelers participated in a questionnaire-based empirical study. Our results confirm that richer (or enhanced) models are required to evaluate the broad context of World Wide Web (the Web) usage as an information resource. Use of the Web for travel tasks, for uncertainty reduction, as an information resource, and for mediation all have a significant impact an users' perception of performance, explaining 46% of the variance. Additionally, our study contributes to the testing and validation of metrics for use of the Web as an information resource in a specific domain.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 55(2004) no.8, S.731-742

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Abstract

This paper presents a new approach to query expansion in search engines through the use of general non-topical terms (NTTs) and domain-specific semi-topical terms (STTs). NTTs and STTs can be used in conjunction with topical terms (TTs) to improve precision in retrieval results. In Phase I, 20 topical queries in two domains (Health and the Social Sciences) were carried out in Google and from the results of the queries, 800 pages were textually analysed. Of 1442 NTTs and STTs identified, 15% were shared between the two domains; 62% were NTTs and 38% were STTs; and approximately 64% occurred before while 36% occurred after their respective topical terms (TTs). Findings of Phase II showed that query expansion through NTTs (or STTs) particularly in the 'exact title' and URL search options resulted in more precise and manageable results. Statistically significant differences were found between Health and the Social Sciences vis-à-vis keyword and 'exact phrase' search results; however there were no significant differences in exact title and URL search results. The ratio of exact phrase, exact title, and URL search result frequencies to keyword search result frequencies also showed statistically significant differences between the two domains. Our findings suggest that web searching could be greatly enhanced combining NTTs (and STTs) with TTs in an initial query. Additionally, search results would improve if queries are restricted to the exact title or URL search options. Finally, we suggest the development and implementation of knowledge-based lists of NTTs (and STTs) by both general and specialized search engines to aid query expansion.

Source

Information processing and management. 44(2008) no.4, S.1503-1516

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Abstract

Various mathematical tools and theories have found application in Library and Information Science (LIS). One of these is Fuzzy Set Theory (FST). FST is a generalization of classical Set Theory, designed to better model situations where membership of a set is not discrete but is "fuzzy." The theory dates from 1965, when Lotfi Zadeh published his seminal paper on the topic. As well as mathematical developments and extensions of the theory itself, there have been many applications of FST to such diverse areas as medical diagnoses and washing machines. The theory has also found application in a number of aspects of LIS. Information Retrieval (IR) is one area where FST can prove useful; this paper reviews IR applications of FST. Another major area of Information Science in which FST has found application is Informetrics; these studies are also reviewed. A few examples of the use of this theory in non-LIS domains are also examined.

Footnote

Artikel in einem Themenheft "Current theory in library and information science"

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Abstract

This study assessed the intermix of local citation analysis and survey of journal use and reading patterns for evaluating an academic library's research collection. Journal articles and their cited references from faculties at the University of New South Wales were downloaded from the Web of Science (WoS) and journal impact factors from the Journal Citation Reports. The survey of the University of New South Wales (UNSW) academic staff asked both reader-related and reading-related questions. Both methods showed that academics in medicine published more and had more coauthors per paper than academics in the other faculties; however, when correlated with the number of students and academic staff, science published more and engineering published in higher impact journals. When recalled numbers of articles published were compared to actual numbers, all faculties over-estimated their productivity by nearly two-fold. The distribution of cited serial references was highly skewed with over half of the titles cited only once. The survey results corresponded with U.S. university surveys with one exception: Engineering academics reported the highest number of article readings and read mostly for research related activities. Citation analysis data showed that the UNSW library provided the majority of journals in which researchers published and cited, mostly in electronic formats. However, the availability of non-journal cited sources was low. The joint methods provided both confirmatory and contradictory results and proved useful in evaluating library research collections.

Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 59(2008) no.9, S.1393-1408

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Abstract

Information scattering is an often observed phenomenon related to information collections where there are a few sources that have many items of relevant information about a topic, while most sources have only a few. This entry discusses the original discovery of the phenomenon, the types of information scattering observed across many different information collections, methods that have been used to analyze the phenomenon, explanations for why and how information scattering occurs, and how these results have informed the design of systems and search strategies. The entry concludes with future challenges related to building computational models to more precisely describe the process of information scatter, and algorithms which help users to gather highly scattered information.

Source

Encyclopedia of library and information sciences. 3rd ed. Ed.: M.J. Bates

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 56(2005) no.9, S.1004-1007

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 52(2001) no.14, S.1242-1254

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and technology. 54(2003) no.12, S.1091-1103

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Source

Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology. 60(2009) no.6, S.1083-1096