Search (11 results, page 1 of 1)

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Abstract

Die meisten Web-Auftritte der Hosts waren bisher für den Retrieval-Laien gedacht. Im Hintergrund steht dabei das Ziel: mehr Nutzung durch einfacheres Retrieval. Dieser Ansatz steht aber im Konflikt mit der wachsenden Datenmenge und Dokumentgröße, die eigentlich ein immer ausgefeilteres Retrieval verlangen. Häufig wird von Information Professionals die Kritik geäußert, dass die Webanwendungen einen Verlust an Relevanz bringen. Wie weit der Nutzer tatsächlich einen Kompromiss zwischen Relevanz und Vollständigkeit eingehen muss, soll in diesem Beitrag anhand verschiedener Host-Rechner quantifiziert werden

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Abstract

Recently, a growing amount of systems that allow personal content annotation (tagging) are being created, ranging from personal sites for organising bookmarks (del.icio.us), photos (flickr.com) or videos (video.google.com, youtube.com) to systems for managing bibliographies for scientific research projects (citeulike.org, connotea.org). Simultaneously, a debate on the pro and cons of allowing users to add personal keywords to digital content has arisen. One recurrent point-of-discussion is whether tagging can solve the well-known vocabulary problem: In order to support successful retrieval in complex environments, it is necessary to index an object with a variety of aliases (cf. Furnas 1987). In this spirit, social tagging enhances the pool of rigid, traditional keywording by adding user-created retrieval vocabularies. Furthermore, tagging goes beyond simple personal content-based keywords by providing meta-keywords like funny or interesting that "identify qualities or characteristics" (Golder and Huberman 2006, Kipp and Campbell 2006, Kipp 2007, Feinberg 2006, Kroski 2005). Contrarily, tagging systems are claimed to lead to semantic difficulties that may hinder the precision and recall of tagging systems (e.g. the polysemy problem, cf. Marlow 2006, Lakoff 2005, Golder and Huberman 2006). Empirical research on social tagging is still rare and mostly from a computer linguistics or librarian point-of-view (Voß 2007) which focus either on the automatic statistical analyses of large data sets, or intellectually inspect single cases of tag usage: Some scientists studied the evolution of tag vocabularies and tag distribution in specific systems (Golder and Huberman 2006, Hammond 2005). Others concentrate on tagging behaviour and tagger characteristics in collaborative systems. (Hammond 2005, Kipp and Campbell 2007, Feinberg 2006, Sen 2006). However, little research has been conducted on the functional and linguistic characteristics of tags.1 An analysis of these patterns could show differences between user wording and conventional keywording. In order to provide a reasonable basis for comparison, a classification system for existing tags is needed.

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Abstract

In the introduction for this special issue we briefly review the development of social software, contrasting it with earlier group-based computer applications like groupware and computer- supported cooperative work. The contributions selected span a wide range starting from reflections on informality as a key property of social software. Case studies give details on using wikis for knowledge management and the influence of choosing a specific wiki engine. The transformation problem for non-digital information services is discussed in the context of a large research institute. More recent types of social systems and their potential use for knowledge management are discussed for microblogs as well as semantic wiki systems. Finally, an overview study gives information on the intensity of social software usage for customer communications in large European companies.

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Source

Hypertext - Information Retrieval - Multimedia '97: Theorien, Modelle und Implementierungen integrierter elektronischer Informationssysteme. Proceedings HIM '97. Hrsg.: N. Fuhr u.a

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Abstract

In this paper we present a multimodal design concept for a materials information system interface. The project WING-IIR combines both form-oriented and natural language database in a GUI-based environment, giving the user a choice of query modes. Our design is embedded in a tool-based, object oriented structure which allows for adequate interpretation and usability for both, novice and expert users. Implementing context-sensitivity and transparency between query modalities and different levels of data granularity further help in solving difficult materials problems. In addition a number of different Intelligent Information Retrieval (IIR) modules complement the basic database interface: a stereotype-based user model reduces interface complexity by adapting to the users' actual interests; the WING-GRAPH component allows for graphical retrieval of materials curves, i.e. users may manipulate graphical data representations in order to query the database and a fuzzy-WING component is proposed for modelling vagueness in natural language queries as well as for vague interpretation of seemingly exact queries

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Abstract

Das vorliegende Buch befaßt sich mit der theoretischen Begründung, Gestaltung und empirischen Bewertung eines Datenbankzugangs durch graphisches Retrieval. Der Autor stellt das Informationssystem Wing-Graph vor, das am Beispiel Werkstoffdaten die Veränderung von Liniendiagrammen durch graphische Aktionen in der benutzeroberfläche zur Recherche nach numerischer Information erlaubt. Darunter ist eine graphische Recherchesprache zu verstehen, mit der man visuelles Denken direkt für die Suche nutzen kann. Der Autor entwickelt auf der Basis kognitionspsychologischer Erkenntnisse über Wahrnehmung und Interpretation von Informationsgraphiken ein Modell des graphischen Retrieval, in dem 3 wichtige Aspekte der Interaktion mit graphischer Information vereinigt sind: die visuelle Vorstellungsfähigkeit, der Handlungsaspekt der Mensch-Maschine-Interaktion und die Systemfunktionalität einer graphischen Datenbankschnittstelle. Im Vergleich mit traditionellen Abfragesprachen stehen in Wing-Graph einfache, aber leistungsfähige graphische Operationen zur Verfügung, die das visuelle Denken des Benutzers operationalisieren. Die Generalisierbarkeit des Ansatzes für andere Domänen wird untersucht und in exemplarischer Weise an Wirtschaftsdaten überprüft

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Date

6.12.2015 17:22:08

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Abstract

We describe an infrastructure for the collection and management of large amounts of text, and discuss the possibility of information extraction and visualisation from text corpora with statistical methods. The paper gives an overview of processing steps, the contents of our text databases as well as different query facilities. Our focus is on the extraction and visualisation of collocations and their usage for aiding web searches

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Abstract

Der vorliegende Beitrag befasst sich mit der Informationssuche im World Wide Web und ihrer Evaluierung. Ausgehend von einer Zusammenschau der wesentlichen Merkmale des World Wide Web als heterogener Dokumentkollektion (Kap. 1) werden Aufbau und Merkmale von Suchmaschinen und Metasuchmaschinen eingeführt sowie die Problematik der Evaluierung von Suchmaschinen und eine Übersicht bisheriger Ergebnisse diskutiert (Kap. 2). In Kap. 3 werden Aufbau, Durchführung und Ergebnisse einer Vergleichstudie vorgestellt, bei der mit Hilfe eines paper-and-pencil-Experiments ausgewählte Such- und Metasuchmaschinen evaluiert wurden. Schließlich zieht Kap. 4 Schlussfolgerungen aus dieser Studie und gibt einen Ausblick auf Optimierungsmöglichkeiten für Suchmaschinen

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Source

Handbuch Internet-Suchmaschinen, 2: Neue Entwicklungen in der Web-Suche. Hrsg.: D. Lewandowski

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