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  • × classification_ss:"05.20 / Kommunikation und Gesellschaft"
  1. Kleinwächter, W.: Macht und Geld im Cyberspace : wie der Weltgipfel zur Informationsgesellschaft (WSIS) die Weichen für die Zukunft stellt (2004) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Im Dezember 2003 fand in Genf die erste Phase des UN-Weltgipfels zur Informationsgesellschaft (WSIS) statt. Die Gipfelkonferenz, an der mehr als 11.000 Vertreter von Regierungen, der privaten Wirtschaft und der Zivilgesellschaft teilnahmen, verhandelte u. a. Themen wie die Überwindung der digitalen Spaltung, Menschenrechte im Informationszeitalter, geistige Eigentumsrechte, Cyberkriminalität und Internet Governance. Das vorliegende Buch stellt den WSIS-Gipfel in den historischen Kontext 200-jähriger internationaler Verhandlungen zur Regulierung grenzüberschreitender Kommunikation -- von den Karlsbader Verträgen 1819 bis zur Entstehung des Internets. Es beschreibt die spannenden und kontroversen Auseinandersetzungen darüber, wie das Internet reguliert, Menschenrechte im Informationszeitalter garantiert, Sicherheit im Cyberspace gewährleistet, geistiges Eigentum geschützt und die digitale Spaltung überbrückt werden soll. Kleinwächter lässt keinen Zweifel daran, dass der WSIS-Kompromiss von Genf nicht mehr ist als der Beginn eines langen Prozesses zur Gestaltung der globalen Informationsgesellschaft der Zukunft. Die zweite Phase des Gipfeltreffens findet im November 2005 in Tunis statt. Das Buch enthält im Anhang die vom Gipfel verabschiedete Deklaration und den Aktionsplan sowie die von der Zivilgesellschaft angenommene Erklärung zur Zukunft der Informationsgesellschaft.
    Classification
    QR 760
    Date
    20.12.2006 18:22:32
    Isbn
    3-936931-22-4
    RVK
    QR 760
  2. Bolz, N.: Am Ende der Gutenberggalaxis : die neuen Kommunikationsverhältnisse (1995) 0.01
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    Classification
    AP 14000 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Beziehungen, Ausstrahlungen, Einwirkungen / Kommunikation und Gesellschaft
    AP 13600 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Theorie und Methodik / Aufgabe, Funktion, Bedeutung
    MS 7850 Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien / Soziologie der Massenkommunikation und öffentlichen Meinung / Allgemeine Theorie der gesellschaftlichen Kommunikation und ihrer Medien; Begriff der Öffentlichkeit; Meinungsbildung, public relations
    Pub A 91 / Kommunikation
    RSWK
    Elektronische Medien / Kommunikation (BVB)
    Neue Medien / Kommunikation (BVB)
    Neue Medien / Philosophie / Aufsatzsammlung (BVB)
    RVK
    AP 14000 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Beziehungen, Ausstrahlungen, Einwirkungen / Kommunikation und Gesellschaft
    AP 13600 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Theorie und Methodik / Aufgabe, Funktion, Bedeutung
    MS 7850 Soziologie / Spezielle Soziologien / Soziologie der Massenkommunikation und öffentlichen Meinung / Allgemeine Theorie der gesellschaftlichen Kommunikation und ihrer Medien; Begriff der Öffentlichkeit; Meinungsbildung, public relations
    SBB
    Pub A 91 / Kommunikation
    Subject
    Elektronische Medien / Kommunikation (BVB)
    Neue Medien / Kommunikation (BVB)
    Neue Medien / Philosophie / Aufsatzsammlung (BVB)
  3. Informations- und Kommunikationsutopien (2008) 0.01
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    Abstract
    Die Etablierung einer neuen Medientechnologie erzeugte zu jeder Zeit als Reaktion auf das bis dahin Unbekannte und Neue positive wie negative Zukunftsvisionen. So wurde und wird etwa an das Internet die Erwartung geknüpft, dass die Menschen sich zu neuen Communities zusammenschließen. Derzeit werden im Kontext der Informationstechnologien auch Utopien diskutiert, die von einem veränderten Verhältnis von Mensch und Technik bzw. Umwelt ausgehen. Welche Mythen und Utopien sind in der Geschichte der Informations- und Kommunikationsmedien entstanden und auch heute noch virulent? Was sagen sie über die Welt aus, in der wir leben? Und welche ethischen Perspektiven sind für eine zukünftige Gestaltung der Informations- und Wissensgesellschaften zu berücksichtigen? Der vorliegende Band mit den Beiträgen des sechsten Symposiums zur Medienethik der Stuttgarter Hochschule der Medien wirft einen kritischen Blick auf bestehende Informations- und Kommunikationsutopien und regt dazu an, diese (immer wieder) auf ihre positiven wie negativen Potentiale zu hinterfragen.
    Classification
    AP 14000 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Beziehungen, Ausstrahlungen, Einwirkungen / Kommunikation und Gesellschaft
    Content
    Inhalt: Rafael Capurro: Einleitung Klaus Wiegerling: Ubiquitous Computing als konkrete Utopie Michael Nagenborg: Wenn Roboter alles wissen und Kühlschränke nicht lügen Tassilo Pellegrini: Semantic Web als konkrete Utopie - Eine praktische Annäherung Falko Blask: TV kontra Web: Mythos Medien - Medienmythen Hans Kräh: Filme als Zeitreisen: Medienszenarien in Zukunftsszenarien Uwe Jochum: Zur Zeit wird hier der Raum - Die digitale Inversion des Karfreitagszaubers Thomas Nisslmüller: Der cybergnostische Imperativ: Sich lesen in Zeiten virtueller Versuchsspiele Manfred Lang: Good Night, and Good Luck! Zur Geschichte informationspolitischer Utopien
    Editor
    Grimm, P. u. R. Capurro
    Footnote
    Beiträge des sechsten Symposiums zur Medienethik der Stuttgarter Hochschule der Medien. Rez. in: ZfBB 57(2010) H.1, S.65-66 (W. Gödert)
    RSWK
    Informationstechnik / Utopie / Medien / Ethik / Kongress / Stuttgart <2006>
    Informationstechnik / Utopie / Medien / Informationsethik / Kongress / Stuttgart <2006>
    RVK
    AP 14000 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Beziehungen, Ausstrahlungen, Einwirkungen / Kommunikation und Gesellschaft
    Subject
    Informationstechnik / Utopie / Medien / Ethik / Kongress / Stuttgart <2006>
    Informationstechnik / Utopie / Medien / Informationsethik / Kongress / Stuttgart <2006>
  4. Negroponte, N.: Total digital : die Welt zwischen 0 und 1 oder die Zukunft der Kommunikation (1996) 0.01
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    Classification
    QD 250 Wirtschaftswissenschaften / Allgemeine Wirtschaftspolitik. Wirtschaftssysteme / Futurologie
    AP 14000 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Beziehungen, Ausstrahlungen, Einwirkungen / Kommunikation und Gesellschaft
    AP 13950 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Theorie und Methodik / Zukunftsentwicklung
    RVK
    QD 250 Wirtschaftswissenschaften / Allgemeine Wirtschaftspolitik. Wirtschaftssysteme / Futurologie
    AP 14000 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Beziehungen, Ausstrahlungen, Einwirkungen / Kommunikation und Gesellschaft
    AP 13950 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Theorie und Methodik / Zukunftsentwicklung
  5. Faßler, M.: Netzwerke : Einführung in die Netzstrukturen, Netzkulturen und verteilte Gesellschaftsarbeit (2001) 0.01
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    BK
    05.38 / Neue elektronische Medien <Kommunikationswissenschaft>
    Classification
    AP 18450 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Arten des Nachrichtenwesens, Medientechnik / Telekommunikation, Bildschirmtext
    05.38 / Neue elektronische Medien <Kommunikationswissenschaft>
    RSWK
    Netzwerk / Medien / Informationsaufnahme / Kommunikationsstrategie
    RVK
    AP 18450 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Arten des Nachrichtenwesens, Medientechnik / Telekommunikation, Bildschirmtext
    Subject
    Netzwerk / Medien / Informationsaufnahme / Kommunikationsstrategie
  6. Levy, S.: In the plex : how Google thinks, works, and shapes our lives (2011) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Few companies in history have ever been as successful and as admired as Google, the company that has transformed the Internet and become an indispensable part of our lives. How has Google done it? Veteran technology reporter Steven Levy was granted unprecedented access to the company, and in this revelatory book he takes readers inside Google headquarters-the Googleplex-to show how Google works. While they were still students at Stanford, Google cofounders Larry Page and Sergey Brin revolutionized Internet search. They followed this brilliant innovation with another, as two of Google's earliest employees found a way to do what no one else had: make billions of dollars from Internet advertising. With this cash cow (until Google's IPO nobody other than Google management had any idea how lucrative the company's ad business was), Google was able to expand dramatically and take on other transformative projects: more efficient data centers, open-source cell phones, free Internet video (YouTube), cloud computing, digitizing books, and much more. The key to Google's success in all these businesses, Levy reveals, is its engineering mind-set and adoption of such Internet values as speed, openness, experimentation, and risk taking. After its unapologetically elitist approach to hiring, Google pampers its engineers-free food and dry cleaning, on-site doctors and masseuses-and gives them all the resources they need to succeed. Even today, with a workforce of more than 23,000, Larry Page signs off on every hire. But has Google lost its innovative edge? It stumbled badly in China-Levy discloses what went wrong and how Brin disagreed with his peers on the China strategy-and now with its newest initiative, social networking, Google is chasing a successful competitor for the first time. Some employees are leaving the company for smaller, nimbler start-ups. Can the company that famously decided not to be evil still compete? No other book has ever turned Google inside out as Levy does with In the Plex.
    Classification
    SR 760
    Content
    The world according to Google: biography of a search engine -- Googlenomics: cracking the code on internet profits -- Don't be evil: how Google built its culture -- Google's cloud: how Google built data centers and killed the hard drive -- Outside the box: the Google phone company. and the Google t.v. company -- Guge: Google moral dilemma in China -- Google.gov: is what's good for Google, good for government or the public? -- Epilogue: chasing tail lights: trying to crack the social code.
    RVK
    SR 760
  7. Gleick, J.: ¬Die Information : Geschichte, Theorie, Flut (2011) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Die Geschichte der Information beginnt in einer Zeit, die unserer nicht unähnlicher sein könnte. Von der Entwicklung der sprechenden Trommeln zu den ersten Alphabeten und natürlich der Schrift, ist die Information einen weiten Weg gegangen. Eine höchst interessante und informative Geschichte. Blut, Treibstoff, Lebensprinzip - in seinem furiosen Buch erzählt Bestsellerautor James Gleick, wie die Information zum Kernstück unserer heutigen Zivilisation wurde. Beginnend bei den Wörtern, den "sprechenden" Trommeln in Afrika, über das Morsealphabet und bis hin zur Internetrevolution beleuchtet er, wie die Übermittlung von Informationen die Gesellschaften prägten und veränderten. Gleick erläutert die Theorien, die sich mit dem Codieren und Decodieren, der Übermittlung von Inhalten und dem Verbreiten der Myriaden von Botschaften beschäftigen. Er stellt die bekannten und unbekannten Pioniere der Informationsgesellschaft vor: Claude Shannon, Norbert Wiener, Ada Byron, Alan Turing und andere. Er bietet dem Leser neue Einblicke in die Mechanismen des Informationsaustausches. So lernt dieser etwa die sich selbst replizierende Meme kennen, die "DNA" der Informationen. Sein Buch ermöglicht ein neues Verständnis von Musik, Quantenmechanik - und eine gänzlich neue Sicht auf die faszinierende Welt der Informationen.
    Content
    Originaltitel: The information: a history, a theory, a flood. New York: Pantheon Books 2011.
    Date
    29. 5.2012 10:33:14
  8. Farkas, V.: Mythos Informationsgesellschaft : was wir aus den Medien nicht erfahren (2005) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Täglich erreicht uns eine wahre Flut an Informationen. Zahlreiche Medien überschütten uns mit ihren Beiträgen und stehen zur Informationsgewinnung und Meinungsbildung zur Verfügung. Experten sprechen von einer "Informationsgesellschaft". Doch stimmt das wirklich? Nein, denn Masse ist bekanntlich noch lange keine Klasse! Viktor Farkas hatte schon immer ein gesundes Mißtrauen gegenüber der offiziellen Medien-Berichterstattung. Seit Jahren ist er all jenem auf der Spur, was an Informationen unterdrückt, verdreht, weggelassen und unter den Teppich gekehrt wird. Er zeigt anhand einer Vielzahl von Beispielen aus Politik, Wirtschaft und anderen Lebensbereichen, daß die "Informationsgesellschaft" ein reiner Mythos ist. Ein großer Teil der Informationen ist manipulativ und dient den Interessen derjenigen, die gewöhnlich im Hintergrund bleiben. Ein anderer Teil ist einfach nur unwichtig, wird aber von den Medien so überbewertet, daß dadurch die Aufmerksamkeit von wesentlich wichtigeren Berichten, die oft nur am Rande behandelt werden, abgelenkt wird. Bei genauer Betrachtung entpuppt sich vieles, was als "objektive Berichterstattung" bezeichnet wird, als Desinformation, Halbwahrheit - manches sogar als faustdicke Lüge. Die Wahrheit, die zum Verständnis des Geschehens wichtig wäre, erfährt der Nutzer der klassischen Medien hingegen oftmals nicht. Wenn Sie dieses Buch gelesen haben, machen Sie sich keine Illusionen mehr über die Glaubwürdigkeit der Mainstream-Medien. Ein tabuloser Report über die Welt der Medien, wie sie tatsächlich ist! Haben Sie gewußt, wie sehr Sie belogen werden? Haben Sie je aus den Medien erfahren, - daß diese selbst an der Leine von Politik und Wirtschaft liegen? - daß die Globalisierung in die Katastrophe führen wird? - daß Wirtschafts- und Arbeitsmarktdaten raffiniert gefälscht werden? - daß wir Bürger besitzlos im eigenen Land werden sollen? - daß "Sozialreformen" den Sozialstaat beenden werden? - daß Terror ein Wirtschaftsfaktor ist? - daß die USA völlig überschuldet und in Wahrheit bankrott sind? - daß es beim Irak-Krieg nicht um Öl ging, sondern um die Sicherung des Dollar? - daß die meisten Terror-Anschläge andere Hintergründe haben, als uns weisgemacht wird? - daß der Dritte Weltkrieg auf mehreren Ebenen vorbereitet wird? - daß der Überwachungsstaat Wirklichkeit wird: Computer, Handy, RFID-Chips ...? - daß wir alle von Geburt an eine Erkennungsnummer tragen sollen? - daß Orwells Buch "1984" in der Realität bereits weit übertroffen ist? Hand auf's Herz: Hätten Sie das für möglich gehalten? Und das ist nur die Spitze des Eisbergs! Kühn in der Provokation, fundiert in der Sachkenntnis und mitreißend wie es für ihn typisch ist, zeigt Viktor Farkas auf, was wir nicht wissen sollen. Dieses Wissen wird zusehends zur Überlebensfrage.
  9. Keen, A.: ¬The cult of the amateur : how today's internet is killing our culture (2007) 0.00
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    Abstract
    Keen's relentless "polemic" is on target about how a sea of amateur content threatens to swamp the most vital information and how blogs often reinforce one's own views rather than expand horizons. But his jeremiad about the death of "our cultural standards and moral values" heads swiftly downhill. Keen became somewhat notorious for a 2006 Weekly Standard essay equating Web 2.0 with Marxism; like Karl Marx, he offers a convincing overall critique but runs into trouble with the details. Readers will nod in recognition at Keen's general arguments - sure, the Web is full of "user-generated nonsense"! - but many will frown at his specific examples, which pretty uniformly miss the point. It's simply not a given, as Keen assumes, that Britannica is superior to Wikipedia, or that record-store clerks offer sounder advice than online friends with similar musical tastes, or that YouTube contains only "one or two blogs or songs or videos with real value." And Keen's fears that genuine talent will go unnourished are overstated: writers penned novels before there were publishers and copyright law; bands recorded songs before they had major-label deals. In its last third, the book runs off the rails completely, blaming Web 2.0 for online poker, child pornography, identity theft and betraying "Judeo-Christian ethics."
    Content
    The great seduction -- The noble amateur -- Truth and lies -- The day the music died, side A -- The day the music died, side B -- Moral disorder -- 1984, version 2.0 -- Solutions.
    Footnote
    Andrew Keen is ein englisch-amerikanischer Schriftsteller, Absolvent der Universitäten von London, Berkeley y Sarajevo, Professor an den Universitäten von Tufts, Northeastern und Massachusetts und Gründer des Online-Unternehmens Audiocafe, wer gegenwärtig über die Massenmedien schreibt. Dieses Buch, veröffentlicht in USA in Juni 2007, kursierte schon zwischen den Teilnehmern der Konferenz des TED (Technology Entertainment Design) in Monterrey und es ist eine unerbittliche Kritik des Web 2.0. Ein Artikel in der Weekly Standard ging voraus.. Das Web 2.0 ist nicht so sehr eine Aktualisierung des Internets aus technischer Sicht sondern ein Kolloquialismus, das von O'Reilly Media, ein Internet Kommunikationsunternehmen, während eines der unternehmensinternen Konferenzzyklen geschaffen wurde. Es bezieht sich vor allem auf die Art, in der das Internet benutzt wird. Web 2.0 bezieht sich darüber hinaus auf die Methoden, die die Zusammenarbeit zwischen den Benutzern nachdrücklich betonen und den Besucher oder Kunden einer Seite in Mitverfasser/Co-autor transformieren. Beispiele von Web 2.0 können sein: die Rezensionen in Amazon, die online-offene Enzyklopädie Wikipedia, blogs mit Beteiligung der Leser, Verlage wie blurb.com, welche für jeden Autor die Veröffentlichung seines Buches ermöglichen, u.a. Das Web 2.0 erlaubt einerseits eine größere Interaktivität zwischen Schöpfern und Konsumenten der Kultur- Online, anderseits hat die intellektuelle Piraterie stimuliert. Für den Autor ist es klar, dass genauso wichtig die Mitbestimmung für die politischen Demokratie ist, ist in der Welt der Wissenschaft das, was die Verfechter des Web 2.0 "Diktatur der Experten" nennen. Hundert Wikipedia Mitarbeiter werden nie einen authentischen Techniker, Wissenschaftler oder Historiker ersetzen können. Die Amateurs Blogs können sogar die Texte von Journalisten ersetzen, fehlt es ihnen jedoch die Seriosität dieser. An der einen Seite, stehen die Journalisten, die reisen, befragen, untersuchen, erforschen. An der anderen stehen viel zu oft Leute, die nicht verifizierte Information aus sekundären Quellen entnehmen und veröffentlichen. Es ist nicht nur, dass sie an Seriosität mangeln, sondern auch an Verantwortung. Die anonyme Information kann auch falsch oder fehlerhaft sein, aber ist vor allem verantwortungslose Information, für die, die Verfasser selten zur Verantwortung gezogen werden, egal wie schädlich ihre Ergebnisse sind. Anders geschieht es mit der gedruckten Presse, weil sie rundweg reguliert ist.
    Wenn Wikipedia und blogs nur Ergänzungen zur Kultur und zur Information wären, wäre dies nicht gravierend. Das Problem ist, dass sie Ihren Ersatz geworden sind. Darüber hinaus neben der Unerfahrenheit der Autoren steht auch die Anonymität, die ermöglicht, dass sich zwischen den Amateurs Dessinformanten, getarnten Publizisten (vor allem die Spezialisten in Enten und Desinformation, welche jetzt die ganze Welt direkt und glaubhafter erreichen können) zwischen schieben. Fügen wir diesem apokalyptischen Panorama die intellektuelle Piraterie hinzu, werden wir eine Welt haben, in der die Schöpfer von den Nachahmern verdrängt werden. Dies annulliert die Motivation für die Schöpfung des Neuen. Der Autor gibt uns einige Beispiele, wie die Entlassungen bei Disney Productions. Eine große nordamerikanische Fernsehkette hat teuere Serien in Prime Time aus dem Programm entfernt, weil diese nicht mehr rentabel sind. Andere Beispiele u.a. sind die Verluste der traditionellen Presse und das Verschwinden von spezialisierten Platten- und Bücherläden egal wie gut sie waren. Andere Themen: Invasion der Privatsphäre durch das Internet, E-Mail Betrug, wachsende Kinderpornografie, das Plagiat bei Schülern sind auch in dem Buch enthalten. So sollten wir uns ein furchtbares Bild der von den neuen Technologien verursachten Probleme machen. Aber der Kern des Buches besteht in die Verteidigung des individuellen Schöpfertums und des Fachwissens. Beide sind nach Meinung des Autors die Hauptopfer des Web 2.0. Das Buch ist ein Pamphlet, was im Prinzip nicht Schlechtes bedeutet. Marx, Nietzsche, u..v.a. haben auch Pamphlete geschrieben und einige dieser Schriften haben bei der Gestaltung der modernen Welt beigetragen. Das Buch hat alle Merkmale des Pamphlets: ist kurz, kontrovers, aggressiv und einseitig. Daran liegen seine Kräfte und seine Schwäche. Der Text kann in einigen wenigen Stunden gelesen werden und schärft die Wahrnehmung des Leser vor scheinbar unschädlichen Praktiken: runterladen eines Liedes oder die Zusammenstellung einer Schulaufgabe. Weil er einseitig ist, der Autor absichtlich ignoriert, dass viele dieser Probleme unabhängig des Internets existieren, wie das Plagiat. Er unterdrückt auch Tatsachen, wie die Kontrollmechanismen von Wikipedia, die sie genau so vertrauensvoll wie die Encyclopaedia Britannica machen. Aber gerade weil das Buch einseitig ist, hilft der Autor dem Dialog zwischen den unterschiedlichen Formen, um das Internet zu sehen und zu nutzen. (Aus der Originalrezension in Spanisch von Juan Carlos Castillon, Barcelona, en el Blog Penultimos Dias)
    Series
    A currency book
  10. Weinberger, D.: ¬Das Ende der Schublade : die Macht der neuen digitalen Unordnung (2008) 0.00
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    Classification
    AP 18000 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Arten des Nachrichtenwesens, Medientechnik / Allgemeines
    RVK
    AP 18000 Allgemeines / Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaften, Kommunikationsdesign / Arten des Nachrichtenwesens, Medientechnik / Allgemeines
  11. Mossberger, K.; Tolbert, C.J.; McNeal, R.S.: Digital citizenship : the internet, society, and participation (2007) 0.00
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    Abstract
    This analysis of how the ability to participate in society online affects political and economic opportunity and finds that technology use matters in wages and income and civic participation and voting.Just as education has promoted democracy and economic growth, the Internet has the potential to benefit society as a whole. Digital citizenship, or the ability to participate in society online, promotes social inclusion. But statistics show that significant segments of the population are still excluded from digital citizenship.The authors of this book define digital citizens as those who are online daily. By focusing on frequent use, they reconceptualize debates about the digital divide to include both the means and the skills to participate online. They offer new evidence (drawn from recent national opinion surveys and Current Population Surveys) that technology use matters for wages and income, and for civic engagement and voting."Digital Citizenship" examines three aspects of participation in society online: economic opportunity, democratic participation, and inclusion in prevailing forms of communication. The authors find that Internet use at work increases wages, with less-educated and minority workers receiving the greatest benefit, and that Internet use is significantly related to political participation, especially among the young. The authors examine in detail the gaps in technological access among minorities and the poor and predict that this digital inequality is not likely to disappear in the near future. Public policy, they argue, must address educational and technological disparities if we are to achieve full participation and citizenship in the twenty-first century.
    Content
    Inhalt: Defining digital citizenship -- Benefits of society online : economic opportunity / with Kimberly Johns -- Benefits of society online : civic engagement / with Jason McDonald -- Benefits of society online : political participation -- From the digital divide to digital citizenship / with Bridgett King -- Broadband and digital citizenship -- Public education and universal access : beyond the digital divide -- Appendix : multivariate regression models.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 59(2008) no.13, S.2189-2190 (A. Gonzalez)
  12. Kuhlen, R.: Informationsethik : Umgang mit Wissen und Information in elektronischen Räumen (2004) 0.00
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    Series
    UTB ; 2454 : Medien- und Kommunikationswissenschaft
  13. Mossberger, K.; Tolbert, C.J.; Stansbury, M.: Virtual inequality : beyond the digital divide (2003) 0.00
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    Abstract
    That there is a "digital divide" - which falls between those who have and can afford the latest in technological tools and those who have neither in our society - is indisputable. "Virtual Inequality" redefines the issue as it explores the cascades of that divide, which involve access, skill, political participation, as well as the obvious economics. Computer and Internet access are insufficient without the skill to use the technology, and economic opportunity and political participation provide primary justification for realizing that this inequality is a public problem and not simply a matter of private misfortune. Defying those who say the divide is growing smaller, this volume, based on a national survey that includes data from over 1800 respondents in low-income communities, shows otherwise. In addition to demonstrating why disparities persist in such areas as technological abilities, the survey also shows that the digitally disadvantaged often share many of the same beliefs as their more privileged counterparts. African-Americans, for instance, are even more positive in their attitudes toward technology than whites are in many respects, contrary to conventional wisdom. The rigorous research on which the conclusions are based is presented accessibly and in an easy-to-follow manner. Not content with analysis alone, nor the untangling of the complexities of policymaking, "Virtual Inequality" views the digital divide compassionately in its human dimensions and recommends a set of practical and common-sense policy strategies. Inequality, even in a virtual form this book reminds us, is unacceptable and a situation that society is compelled to address.
    Footnote
    Rez. in: JASIST 55(2004) no.5, S.467-468 (W. Koehler): "Virtual Inequality is an important contribution to the digital divide debate. That debate takes two basic forms. One centers an the divide between the "information rich" developed countries and the "information poor" developing countries. The second is concerned with the rift between information "haves" and "have-nots" within countries. This book addresses the latter domain and is concerned with the digital divide in the United States. This book is the product of a cross-disciplinary collaboration. Mossberger and Tolbert are both members of the Kent State University political science department while Stansbury is an the Library and Information Science faculty. The book is extremely well documented. Perhaps the chapter an the democracy divide and e-government is the best done, reflecting the political science bent of two of the authors. E-government is very well covered. Unfortunately, e-commerce and e-education go virtually unmentioned. If e-government is important to defining the digital divide, then certainly e-commerce and e-education are as well. Mossberger, Tolbert, and Stansbury argue that the digital divide should be described as four different divides: the access divide, the skills divide, the economic opportunity divide, and the democratic divide. Each of these divides is developed in its own chapter. Each chapter draws well an the existing literature. The book is valuable if for no other reason than that it provides an excellent critique of the current state of the understanding of the digital divide in the United States. It is particularly good in its contrast of the approaches taken by the Clinton and George W. Bush administrations. Perhaps this is a function of the multidisciplinary strength of the book's authorship, for indeed it shows here. The access divide is defined along "connectivity" lines: who has access to digital technologies. The authors tonfirm the conventional wisdom that age and education are important predictors of in-home access, but they also argue that rate and ethnicity are also factors (pp. 32-33): Asian Americans have greatest access followed by whites, Latinos, and African Americans in that order. Most access the Internet from home or work, followed by friends' computers, libraries, and other access points. The skills divide is defined as technical competence and information literacy (p. 38). Variation was found along technical competence for age, education, affluence, rate, and ethnicity, but not gender (p. 47). The authors conclude that for the most part the skills divide mirrors the access divide (p. 55). While they found no gender difference, they did find a gender preference for skills acquisition: males prefer a more impersonal delivery ("online help and tutorials") while females prefer more personal instruction (p. 56).
    The economic opportunity divide is predicated an the hypothesis that there has, indeed, been a major shift in opportunities driven by changes in the information environment. The authors document this paradigm shift well with arguments from the political and economic right and left. This chapter might be described as an "attitudinal" chapter. The authors are concerned here with the perceptions of their respondents of their information skills and skill levels with their economic outlook and opportunities. Technological skills and economic opportunities are correlated, one finds, in the minds of all across all ages, genders, races, ethnicities, and income levels. African Americans in particular are ". . attuned to the use of technology for economic opportunity" (p. 80). The fourth divide is the democratic divide. The Internet may increase political participation, the authors posit, but only among groups predisposed to participate and perhaps among those with the skills necessary to take advantage of the electronic environment (p. 86). Certainly the Web has played an important role in disseminating and distributing political messages and in some cases in political fund raising. But by the analysis here, we must conclude that the message does not reach everyone equally. Thus, the Internet may widen the political participation gap rather than narrow it. The book has one major, perhaps fatal, flaw: its methodology and statistical application. The book draws upon a survey performed for the authors in June and July 2001 by the Kent State University's Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) lab (pp. 7-9). CATI employed a survey protocol provided to the reader as Appendix 2. An examination of the questionnaire reveals that all questions yield either nominal or ordinal responses, including the income variable (pp. 9-10). Nevertheless, Mossberger, Tolbert, and Stansbury performed a series of multiple regression analyses (reported in a series of tables in Appendix 1) utilizing these data. Regression analysis requires interval/ratio data in order to be valid although nominal and ordinal data can be incorporated by building dichotomous dummy variables. Perhaps Mossberger, Tolbert, and Stansbury utilized dummy variables; but 1 do not find that discussed. Moreover, 1 would question a multiple regression made up completely of dichotomous dummy variables. I come away from Virtual Inequality with mixed feelings. It is useful to think of the digital divide as more than one phenomenon. The four divides that Mossberger, Tolbert, and Stansbury offeraccess, skills, economic opportunity, and democratic-are useful as a point of departure and debate. No doubt, other divides will be identified and documented. This book will lead the way. Second, without question, Mossberger, Tolbert, and Stansbury provide us with an extremely well-documented, -written, and -argued work. Third, the authors are to be commended for the multidisciplinarity of their work. Would that we could see more like it. My reservations about their methodological approach, however, hang over this review like a shroud."
    Anmerkung des Rezensenten in JASIST 55(2004) no.11, S.1024: "After reflecting an a requestfrom the authors of the reviewed book, 1 find that I did indeed err in my criticism of their methodology. The work's fault lies not with the methodology but rather with the discussion and explanation provided for the methodology. The authors do offer brief methodological explanation and justification in endnotes and appendices but are less clear in the book's text. I apologize to both the readers of the review and the authors for misinterpreting the text. For the authors' part, a methodology chapter would have been welcome. I am pleased to put right this misinterpretation that cast a shadow over an otherwise fine work."
  14. Gleick, J.: ¬The information : a history, a theory, a flood (2011) 0.00
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    Content
    Drums that talk -- Persistence of the word -- Two wordbooks -- To throw the powers of thought into wheel-work -- A nervous system for the Earth -- New wires, new logic -- Information theory -- The informational turn -- Entropy and its demons -- Life's own code -- Into the meme pool -- The sense of randomness -- Information is physical -- After the flood -- New news every day.
  15. Blair, D.: Wittgenstein, language and information : "Back to the Rough Ground!" (2006) 0.00
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    Abstract
    This book is an extension of the discussions presented in Blair's 1990 book "Language and Representation in Information Retrieval", which was selected as the "Best Information Science Book of the Year" by the American Society for Information Science (ASIS). That work stated that the Philosophy of Language had the best theory for understanding meaning in language, and within the Philosophy of Language, the work of philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein was found to be most perceptive. The success of that book provided an incentive to look more deeply into Wittgenstein's philosophy of language, and how it can help us to understand how to represent the intellectual content of information. This is what the current title does, and by using this theory it creates a firm foundation for future Information Retrieval research. The work consists of four related parts. Firstly, a brief overview of Wittgenstein's philosophy of language and its relevance to information systems. Secondly, a detailed explanation of Wittgenstein's late philosophy of language and mind. Thirdly, an extended discussion of the relevance of his philosophy to understanding some of the problems inherent in information systems, especially those systems which rely on retrieval based on some representation of the intellectual content of that information. And, fourthly, a series of detailed footnotes which cite the sources of the numerous quotations and provide some discussion of the related issues that the text inspires.

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