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BK

08.36 / Philosophische Anthropologie
08.49 / Systematische Philosophie: Sonstiges

Classification

CC 5500 Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie / Philosophie des Geistes / Abhandlungen
CC 4400 Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie / Erkenntnistheorie / Abhandlungen zur Erkenntnistheorie
08.36 / Philosophische Anthropologie
08.49 / Systematische Philosophie: Sonstiges

RVK

CC 5500 Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie / Philosophie des Geistes / Abhandlungen
CC 4400 Philosophie / Systematische Philosophie / Erkenntnistheorie / Abhandlungen zur Erkenntnistheorie

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BK

08.36 / Philosophische Anthropologie

Classification

08.36 / Philosophische Anthropologie

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Abstract

Vor sechs Millionen Jahren trennte sich der Mensch von anderen Primaten, vor 250 000 Jahren entwickelte sich der moderne homo sapiens. Evolutionär gesehen ist diese Zeitspanne sehr kurz - zu kurz, als daß sich all die kognitiven Fähigkeiten, über die der moderne Mensch verfügt, durch die gewöhnliche biologische Evolution mit ihrer genetischen Variation und natürlichen Selektion erklären ließen. Immerhin teilen Affen und Menschen noch heute 99 Prozent ihres genetischen Materials. Trotzdem ist es nur der Menschheit gelungen, kognitive Fähigkeiten auszubilden, die so komplexe Gebilde wie sprachliche Kommunikation und symbolische Repräsentation, soziale Organisation und Institutionen, Hochleistungsindustrie und entsprechende Technologien hervorgebracht haben. Wie ist das möglich? Gestützt auf zahlreiche Experimente mit Primaten und Kleinkindern, entwickelt der Anthropologe und Kognitionsforscher Michael Tomasello ein Modell des menschlichen Denkens, das dieses Phänomen erklären kann, indem er kulturelle Vermittlung als biologischen Mechanismus begreift. Die Ausführung dieser zentralen These wirft ein neues Licht auf zahlreiche Disziplinen der Geistes- und Naturwissenschaften und zeigt die Verbindung dieser sonst so strikt getrennten »zwei Kulturen« im Licht der evolutionären Anthropologie auf.

BK

08.36 / Philosophische Anthropologie

Classification

08.36 / Philosophische Anthropologie